The invention discloses a highway severe weather identification method based on artificial intelligence. The method comprises the following steps: S1, forming video data; s2, classifying the video data according to weather states, dividing the video data into five categories of sunny days, cloudy days, rainy days, foggy days and snowy days, and storing the five categories respectively; s3, forming extracted pictures, and storing corresponding categories; s4, forming an analysis model; s5, forming a key point pixel; s6, forming a comparison database; s7, monitoring the highway environment in real time through a camera, setting a comparison period, and comparing and analyzing the video state and the comparison database; s8, outputting a comparison result after the weather types accord with the weather types of one category; and S9, the type of the identified severe weather is determined, early warning prompt is performed, and final judgment is performed by combining an identification result with temperature and humidity changes, so that interference caused by misjudgment is avoided, high-efficiency identification and early warning are facilitated, the safety of highway management and use is ensured, and popularization and use are facilitated.