Farming method for returning straw to field locally in corn and flue-cured tobacco rotating system

Abstract

The invention discloses a farming method for returning straw to the field locally in a corn and flue-cured tobacco rotating system. The method is applied to flue-cured tobacco and corn rotation plough land in a single cropping system and comprises the steps that firstly, corn is ridged to be cultivated, two rows of corn are planted per ridge, the height of each ridge is 30+ / -2 cm, the corn wide row spacing between every two adjacent ridges is 70+ / -5 cm, the narrow row spacing between two rows of corn on each ridge is 50+ / -5 cm, and the distance between plants is 25-30 cm; after the corn is harvested, ploughing is needless, original ridges and furrows are used, and the cut-off straw is directly spread over the furrows to be returned to the field; secondly, microorganism fertilizer is scattered on the straw, and soil on the ridges falls to the furrows for earthing and burying of the straw; in the next year, flue-cured tobacco base fertilizer is scattered in the furrows where the corn straw is buried 10-15 days before the flue-cured tobaccos are transplanted, the flue-cured tobaccos are planted in a single-row-ridge mode, the row spacing is 120+ / -5 cm, and the distance between plants is 50-60 cm; no-tillage ridge gathering is conducted towards the insides of the furrows along the two sides of each furrow, and ridges are formed for cultivating the flue-cured tobaccos. According to the farming method, the corn straw and the flue-cured tobacco straw are directly applied to the tobacco field locally, and therefore sustainable development of a tobacco region is effectively realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and relates to a farming method for returning straws to the field in a corn-cured-tobacco rotation system. Background technique [0002] Flue-cured tobacco is not resistant to continuous cropping, and crop rotation is often carried out. In my country's mountainous tobacco-growing areas, crop rotation of corn and flue-cured tobacco is the main method. Corn stalks in mountainous areas are often abandoned in cornfields and set on fire in autumn and winter; flue-cured tobacco stalks are generally lost in mountainous areas as waste. It not only wastes straw resources, but also causes environmental pollution. [0003] Flue-cured tobacco is one of the important economic crops in my country, and it is also the main channel for farmers in mountainous areas to increase their income. With the increase in chemical fertilizer application and long-term continuous cropping in tobacco fields, coupled with...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This traditional method has certain defects. First, the burning of corn stalks pollutes the environment; second, the abandonment of tobacco stalks in the tobacco field provides conditions for the growth of tobacco pests; third, the failure of corn stalks and tobacco stalks to return to the field wastes organic fertilizer resources; Fourth, the tobacco field does not receive organic matter and nutrients, and the soil is not improved, but the degradation is more serious; fifth, the soil is rotated or plowed before corn sowing or flue-cured tobacco is transplanted, which wastes labor and increases production costs.

[0007] In the prior art, in the solution with the application number 201510175054.6, the inventor proposed a method for ecological improvement of tobacco planting soil, which also proposed to bury corn stalks or flue-cured tobacco stalks into the field; but the inventor found that it could not completely solve the problem. The problem of complete no-tillage in the crop rotation process of corn and flue-cured tobacco, that is to say, no-tillage is just no-tillage ditch burial of corn stalks or flue-cured tobacco stalks after the harvest of flue-cured tobacco, but then flue-cured tobacco cannot be continuously cropped. Tilling and ridges, not no-tillage, that is to say, only one season of crops is no-tillage, instead of no-tillage in the whole (two-season crops) rotation, this mode is mainly suitable for tobacco fields with less disease and two-year continuous cropping of flue-cured tobacco

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