Cotton field soil plough layer reconstruction and matched cultivation method

Abstract

The invention provides a cotton field soil plough layer reconstruction and matched cultivation method. The method comprises steps as follows: in a cotton planting area, before winter and after autumn harvest, 2-3 m<3> of organic fertilizer is applied to the cotton field soil surface per mu; a soil layer of 0-20 cm and a soil layer of 20-40 cm are exchanged by the aid of a rotary deep-tillage plough, and a soil layer of 40-60 cm is loosened; fertilizer is applied to the soil surface 7-10 days before the next cotton planting season, 15-20 kg of urea, 10-12 kg of diammonium phosphate and 20-25 kg of potassium chloride are applied per mu, irrigation is performed, and the irrigation amount per mu is 80-100 m<3>; rotary tillage, harrowing and smoothing are performed on soil in the cotton planting season, and a cotton variety with the growth period not shorter than 130 days is selected for seeding; pruning is not performed after buds appear on cotton plants, and the seedling reserving density is 3000-3200 plant/mu; irrigation is performed once between the bud stage to the initial flowering stage, and the irrigation amount is 40-50 m<3>/mu; 0.5-0.7 g of mepiquat chloride is sprayed per mu at the bud stage, 1.5-2.0 g of mepiquat chloride is sprayed per mu at the initial flowering stage, and 2.5-3.0 g of mepiquat chloride is sprayed per mu at the full-bloom stage. With the adoption of the method, physical and chemical properties of cotton field soil are improved, nutrients are balanced, and the cotton yield is increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a cotton cultivation method, in particular to a cotton field soil plow layer reconstruction and its matching cultivation method. Background technique [0002] Cotton is the main economic crop in Hebei Province. It is mainly distributed in the arid and semi-arid areas of Xingtai City, Handan City, and Cangzhou City, and has formed a planting mode of continuous cropping all year round. The increase and accumulation of continuous cropping years of cotton has formed a variety of unfavorable factors that hinder high-quality and high-yield cotton, such as deterioration of soil physical properties, unbalanced nutrient distribution, and imbalance of nutrient content; changes in microbial species in the soil, increase of harmful organisms, and serious soil-borne diseases and insect pests Wait. These unfavorable factors lead to serious diseases, premature aging, large amount of fertilizer application, low fertilizer utilization rate and...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

These unfavorable factors have caused serious diseases, premature aging, large amount of fertilizer application, low fertilizer utilization rate and other problems in most cotton fields, resulting in a decrease in cotton yield and seriously restricting the efficient, safe and sustainable development of the cotton industry.

[0003] Studies have shown that with the increase of the continuous cropping period of cotton, the soil layer between 15 and 30 cm in the cotton field will form the plow bottom layer. It is very unfavorable; it is precisely because of the existence of the bottom layer of the plow that the ability of the soil to store water is greatly reduced, which increases the loss of rainfall runoff in the rainy season, which is undoubtedly a waste of water resources in arid areas

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