42results about How to "Improve water storage and moisture conservation capacity" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for storing moisture and preventing drought in a dry farming spring corn area. According to the method, after autumn crops are harvested, fertilizer applying, deep tillage, rake grinding and applying of chemical herbicide are performed in the late autumn and early winter according to the requirements for sowing plastic-film corn in spring of the next year, a plastic film is timely covered, hole sowing is directly performed on the film during sowing in spring of the next year, and harvest is performed in autumn. The method has the benefits as follows: by means of the provided method for storing moisture and preventing drought in the dry farming spring corn area, the water and moisture storing capacity can be enhanced, the soil moisture environment is improved, sowing in the optimum period and full stand of corn are guaranteed, the stress resistance of corn is enhanced, and the corn yield and the water use efficiency are improved. With the application of the method, the capacity of dry farming spring corn in the north of China in adapting to drying and warming of climate is improved, and the method has a very important significance in stable increase production and high yield of the corn in the dry land.

The invention relates to mole plough shovel components in the field of agricultural farming machinery, in particular to a mole plough bionic anti-sticking, anti-drag and wear-resistant plough shovel, which aims to solve the technical problems of high work resistance, easiness in wearing and the like in the conventional plough shovel. The adopted technical scheme is that: the plough shovel mainly comprises a shovel handle and a shovel point; bionic geometric structural units which are regularly distributed or distributed randomly and uniformly are arranged on the surface of the shovel point; the bionic geometric structural units have the geometric shapes of convex hulls, pits or ribs; the ratio of the height H of the convex hulls to the diameter D of the circle of the hull bottom is 0.1 to 0.5; the distance between the centers of every two adjacent convex hulls is 7 to 20 mm; the pits have the spherical segment shapes; the ratio of the depth H of the pits to the diameter D of the upper openings of the pits is 0.1 to 0.5; the distance between every two adjacent pits is 5 to 20 mm; and the ribs are transversely linear, transversely herringbone, longitudinally linear or longitudinally wavy and are distributed continuously or interruptedly.

The invention discloses a mechanized crop rotation method for corn and soybeans in a northeast ridge planting region. According to the method, the corn is planted in the first year, the soybeans are planted in the second year, the corn is planted in the third year, and accordingly crop rotation is carried in a reciprocated mode; in the first planting year, the operation mode that straw smashing and returning to a field in a covering mode, stubble and smashing for turning and burying are fused is adopted, while the air speed of a soil surface is reduced, water and soil loss is reduced due to stubble operation, the amount of the straw returned to the field is kept by 30%, 30% of straw can be used for secondary smashing and returning to the field after the soybeans are harvested in the second year, in this way, 30% of straw for covering by weight still exists before seeds are sown in the third year in spring, and only 30% of straw needs to be returned to the field by weight in the third planting year; deep scarification operation is carried out at a time every three years; surface tillage operation is adopted in spring every year, surface tillage and trench bottom heavy pressing are combined to be operated. By the adoption of the new tillage and sowing combined mode and the new mode that the straw is returned to the field, rotation sowing operation is carried out on the corn and the soybeans so that melting of a frozen layer can be accelerated, soil temperature can be increased, water and soil loss can be reduced, the content of organic matter in soil can be increased, and water storage for soil moisture preservation can be achieved.

The present invention discloses a field ridge soil turning device capable of screening and spreading soil. The field ridge soil turning device capable of screening and spreading the soil comprises anouter shell, turning shovels, a spreading chamber and accessory wheels, the outer shell is internally provided with first partition plates, besides, an outside of the outer shell is fixedly providedwith a motor, the turning shovels are fixedly arranged on the outer shell, the spreading chamber is fixedly arranged inside the outer shell, besides, a primary screening frame is arranged besides thespreading chamber, besides, an outside of the spreading chamber is fixedly provided with a side spring, and the secondary wheels are arranged on the outer shell. The field ridge soil turning device capable of screening and spreading the soil is novel in a structural design, so that the device is suitable for turning of field ridge soil of greenhouse vegetables or vegetables with planting requirements of relatively narrow ridges and relatively low field ridge height. The device can conduct crushing and screening of the soil, conducting backfilling of the crushed and screened soil according to fine to coarse particle sizes, restores soil plough layer structure, also improves a soil water storage and moisture conservation ability, can also enable the upper layer soil after the turning to be soft and breathable, and is suitable for planting of vegetables.

The invention discloses a bionic compound management method of ampelopsis grossedentata, woody oil-bearing crops and mountain rice. The bionic compound management method comprises the following steps: directly cutting and cultivating the ampelopsis grossedentata at an inner side of a foundation horizontal cultivation zone planted with the woody oil-bearing crops in a high-ridge film laminating manner, wherein the ampelopsis grossedentata grows along a slope in a clinging manner; when cutting the ampelopsis grossedentata to realize forestation, intercropping lespedeza cunecta at the outer edge of the horizontal cultivation zone; dibbling mountain rice seeds at a part which is 5cm to 50cm far away from crown width edges of the woody oil-bearing crops, wherein a cultivation line spacing between the mountain rice, which is the closest to the lespedeza cunecta, and the lespedeza cunecta is 10cm to 20cm, and a cultivation line spacing between the mountain rice, which is the closest to the ampelopsis grossedentata, and the ampelopsis grossedentata is 25cm to 30cm. According to the method disclosed by the invention, all crops are reasonably distributed, and the lespedeza cunecta is inclined for a certain angle in a light facing manner by adopting the specific spacing, and proper top shielding is manufactured for the ampelopsis grossedentata at the inner side of the horizontal cultivation zone of the lower side; the bionic compound management method is a planting method which is suitable for mutual promotion and symbiosis of the woody oil-bearing crops, the mountain ice and the ampelopsis grossedentata, can obtain incomes from a forest land in advance and enables crop seedlings in the forest land to grow better.

The invention provides a wheat equal-depth broadcast sowing and under-seed equal-depth fertilizer spreading method, and relates to the technical field of wheat cultivation and fertilization. The method comprises the following steps: A, performing rotary tillage; B, performing equal-depth fertilizer spreading, spreading fertilizer by using an equal-depth fertilizer spreading device, partially falling turned soil under the fertilizer, partially covering the fertilizer, and spreading the fertilizer to the middle lower part of a rotary tillage layer; C, performing broadcast sowing of wheat, performing broadcast sowing of wheat seeds by using an equal-depth broadcast sowing device, falling the turned soil on the seeds to cover the seeds with the soil, and applying the seeds on the same depth on the middle upper part of the rotary tillage layer; D, finally suppressing. The defects of wheat drilling and broadcast sowing are overcome, the advantages of the drilling and the broadcast sowing are gathered, the utilization rate of the fertilizer and the moisture utilization rate are greatly improved, and the wheat yield per unit area is improved; meanwhile fertilizer input and underground water exploitation are reduced, the crop growth environment is favorably improved and the agricultural ecological environment is favorably protected.

The invention provides a cotton field soil plough layer reconstruction and matched cultivation method. The method comprises steps as follows: in a cotton planting area, before winter and after autumn harvest, 2-3 m<3> of organic fertilizer is applied to the cotton field soil surface per mu; a soil layer of 0-20 cm and a soil layer of 20-40 cm are exchanged by the aid of a rotary deep-tillage plough, and a soil layer of 40-60 cm is loosened; fertilizer is applied to the soil surface 7-10 days before the next cotton planting season, 15-20 kg of urea, 10-12 kg of diammonium phosphate and 20-25 kg of potassium chloride are applied per mu, irrigation is performed, and the irrigation amount per mu is 80-100 m<3>; rotary tillage, harrowing and smoothing are performed on soil in the cotton planting season, and a cotton variety with the growth period not shorter than 130 days is selected for seeding; pruning is not performed after buds appear on cotton plants, and the seedling reserving density is 3000-3200 plant / mu; irrigation is performed once between the bud stage to the initial flowering stage, and the irrigation amount is 40-50 m<3> / mu; 0.5-0.7 g of mepiquat chloride is sprayed per mu at the bud stage, 1.5-2.0 g of mepiquat chloride is sprayed per mu at the initial flowering stage, and 2.5-3.0 g of mepiquat chloride is sprayed per mu at the full-bloom stage. With the adoption of the method, physical and chemical properties of cotton field soil are improved, nutrients are balanced, and the cotton yield is increased.

The invention discloses a self-excited vibration type arc layering subsoiler comprising a self-excited vibrator, an arc layering subsoiler, and a subsoiler fixing device; the self-excited vibrator comprises a spring fixing plate, a screw rod, a spring end cover fixing nut, a spring end cover, a spring, a spring sleeve, and a vibration plate; the arc layering subsoiler comprises a spade point fixing bolt, a lower subsoiler point, an upper subsoiler point, and an arc laying subsoiler handle; the subsoiler fixing device comprises a subsoiler fixing rack and a pin; the arc layering subsoiler is connected with a frame through the subsoiler fixing device; in work, the upper subsoiler point is in a plowing layer; the lower subsoiler point is in a plow pan and below the plow pan, thus doing layering subsoilling for the farmland; in addition, the subsoiler and the self-excited vibrator interacts, so the subsoiler can vibrate back and forth in a -3 degree-3 degree scope. The self-excited vibration type arc layering subsoiler is suitable for farmland subsoilling work, can save energy and reduce resistance, and can improve soil water storage moisture reservation capacity.

The invention relates to a sowing machine with functions of subsoiling, fertilizer application as well as furrowing and bed building. The sowing machine comprises a gearbox, a traction rack, an anti-winding mechanism, a zone subsoiling mechanism or a strip-shaped deep and rotary tillage mechanism, a soil loosening and gathering mechanism, a fertilizer application mechanism, a furrowing and bed building mechanism, a sowing mechanism, a vertical positioning mechanism, a compacting mechanism, a pesticide sprayer, a related transmission mechanism and the like, wherein the anti-winding mechanism can effectively prevent the straw winding problem, continuous sowing operation of the machine is guaranteed, the operation efficiency is improved, the problem about in-place burning of straw is solved, and the straw burning phenomenon is eliminated fundamentally; zone subsoiling is environment-friendly and energy-saving, and by means of subsoiling or deep and rotary tillage, plow pans are broken, the water-holding capacity is improved, the surface vegetation coverage is increased, and flowing dust pollution in air is reduced; by means of the furrowing and bed building mechanism, the sowing quality and the thickness of covering soil can be accurately controlled, shallow seeding of wheat can be realized, the problems of seedling weakness, death caused by drought, death caused by freezing, late lodging and the like caused by uneven sowing deepness by means of a traditional sowing machine are solved fundamentally, the seedling emergence rate is greatly increased, and quality seeds are saved.

The invention provides a split-type broken soil deep scarification machine capable of realizing individual regulation. By aiming at the problems that during deep scarification, under a situation thatsoil is dry and a deep scarification soil layer is thick, a phenomenon of a large soil block is in the presence, and therefore, an earth surface is uneven so as to affect a subsequent operation and cause soil moisture loss, the split-type broken soil deep scarification machine disclosed by the invention has a reasonable and compact structure and comprises a rack, upper suspension, lower suspension, U-shaped clips, deep scarification shovel clamping plate welding elements, deep scarification shovel rods, deep scarification shovel tips, soil breaking wheel outer connecting plates, a soil breaking wheel inner connection frame, first pins 1, soil breaking wheel supporting plates, soil breaking wheel subassemblies, soil breaking wheel tips and second pins. The split-type broken soil deep scarification machine is connected with tractor rear suspension, during an operation, according to a depth requirement of deep scarification, a suspension system controls a machine tool to lift and lower, the working position of each working component can be regulated according to a deep scarification row spacing position, the machine tool continuously moves forwards under the driving of the tractor, adeep scarification shovel carries out the deep scarification, the rear soil breaking wheel subassemblies roll to move forwards, and a smashing and compacting function is performed for the soil block which is in the presence in a deep scarification process.

The invention discloses a novel corn no-tillage seeding device for split application of a seed fertilizer, belongs to the field of modern agricultural equipment, and specifically relates to the novelcorn no-tillage seeding device combined with a cross-slot furrow opener and a single cutting disc. The device is composed of a frame 1, a working device pressure spring 2, an upper connecting rod 3, apull rod 4, a cutting disc 5, a first pressing wheel pressure spring 6, a second pressing wheel pressure spring 7, a first pressing wheel fixing connecting rod 8, a pressing wheel 9, a second pressing wheel fixing connecting rod 10, a fertilizing ditching horizontal knife 11, a seed fertilizer pipe 12, a base fertilizer pipe 13, a seed draining pipe 14, a core plough type furrow opener 15, a seeding ditching horizontal knife 16, a cutting disc fixing shaft 17 and a lower connecting rod 18. During an operation process, the ditching resistance is small, the soil disturbance is small and the lateral throwing volume of soil during a high-speed seeding process is small; bilateral split application and upper and lower layering application of seeds and fertilizer can be realized; the problems ofseed airing, seed basking and seed burning during the no-tillage seeding process can be solved; the seed fertilizer and the base fertilizer are applied at one time, so that the subsequent complex topapplication is avoided.

The invention discloses an ecological curtain laying and planting method. The method is characterized in that two ends of an ecological curtain can be pressed by additionally arranging load-bearing rods, connection fixing iron wires and connection fixing rings to enable the ecological curtain to be close to a slope, connecting lines at two ends of water-soil blocking belts on the ecological curtain are connectedly fixed to the fixing rings on the connection fixing iron wires, and the connection fixing iron wires are connectedly fixed at the bottoms of the load-bearing rods to enable the ecological curtain and the slope to be a whole. When wind blows, the ecological curtain can protect the slope from being directly blown by high wind, stabilize the slope and block soil-seed loss; when heavy rain and rapid rain fall, rain speed can be reduced, scouring of the slope by rainwater can be reduced, rainwater can be blocked and dispersed, the slope can be reinforced to prevent soil of the slope from sliding down, radial flow and landslide are avoided, water-storage and -retention capability of soil of the slope is improved, plants are enabled to grow exuberantly and distributed uniformly, and vegetation covering degree is increased. The ecological curtain laying and planting method has the advantages of wide material source, simple laying and planting process, easy operation, quick progress and high efficiency.

The invention relates to a method for improving a tobacco rhizosphere environment, and belongs to the technical field of soil improvement. The method is characterized by including the steps of ash soil dust manufacture and distributing application. By popularizing the technology for improving the tobacco rhizosphere environment by the aid of tobacco field ash soil dust, soil nutrient content can be improved, growth and development of microorganisms in soil are promoted, physical characteristics of the soil are improved, the soil is loosened, formation of soil micro-aggregates is promoted, accordingly, a soil structure is improved, and permeability and soil moisture storage capacity of the soil are enhanced. Besides, land hardened due to long-term chemical fertilizer application is effectively improved, and soil property is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a high-efficiency high-yield cultivation method of golden-autumn citrus shatangju. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting a site, concretely selecting a place with convenient transportation and sufficient irrigation water source, and selecting sandy land with loose soil texture and good illumination and drainage for building a citrus garden. According to the cultivation method provided by the invention, the citrus garden is built on the sandy land; fallen leaves of broad-leaf trees are laid at the bottom of planting pits; the fallen leaves are covered with dry and loose fine river sand; and seedling roots watered with root fixing water are covered by using dry grass and fallen leaves, so that the temperature difference between day and night of the environment of the planting soil and the seedling roots is increased, the sugar content of fruits is increased, and the taste is improved. Before planting, deep ploughing and land sunning are carried out on the land by using manure of pigs, cattle and sheep, pond mud and quick lime, so that the cultivation layer of soil is thickened, the water storage and water retention ability of the soil isimproved, soil anthropogenic mellowing is promoted, nutrient decomposition and accumulation are accelerated, a thick and deep ploughing layer is provided for fruit and vegetable growth, and the growthspeed and yield of fruit trees are improved.

The invention discloses a cultivating method capable of promoting root development of flue-cured tobacco at the earlier stage of growth. The cultivating method comprises the steps of soil preparation,fertilization, ridging, film coating and transplanting. According to the cultivating method, on the basis of long-term experiments and demonstrations, the cultivating method capable of promoting rootdevelopment of the flue-cured tobacco at the earlier stage of growth is set up, early growth and quick development of tobacco plants at the root extending stage are accelerated by means of the cultivating method, coordination of root growth and tobacco plant growth is promoted, the drought resisting capacity of the tobacco plants is enhanced, the quality and grade structure of the flue-cured tobacco are improved, and high popularization value is achieved.

The invention discloses a belt-shaped stubble cleaning, soil crushing, deep scarification and layered fertilization device for a no-tillage planter. The belt-shaped stubble cleaning, soil crushing, deep scarification and layered fertilization device comprises a triangular hanger, a stubble cleaning and soil crushing device, a fertilization device, a planter and a land wheel; the triangular hanger is connected with the upper end of the middle of the stubble cleaning and soil crushing device; the fertilization device is connected with the rear of the stubble cleaning and soil crushing device; the planter and the land wheel are connected with the rear part of the fertilization device, so that an integrated operation mode of belt-shaped stubble cleaning, soil crushing, deep scarification, fertilization and seeding before seed seeding is realized; seed germination is not interfered by the straws; the germination rate of the seeds is protected; and layered fertilization is achieved, fertilization is uniform, and the situation of fertilizer waste or seedling burning is avoided.

The invention provides microbial fertilizer for soil improvement and remediation, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 to 75 parts of charcoal, 10 to 14 parts of potassium chloride, 4 to 6 parts of polypropylene peptide amine, 6 to 10 parts of compound microbial agent, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of lignin iron, and 3 to 5 parts of attapulgite. According to the microbialfertilizer for soil improvement and remediation, which is provided by the invention, the charcoal is used as the main raw material and is matched with a certain amounts of potassium chloride, polypropylene peptide amine and compound microbial agent, so that rich organic matter and elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can be provided for soil, soil hardening and aggregating phenomena areeffectively improved, and air permeability and the water-retaining property of the soil are enhanced; by the lignin iron and the attapulgite, an iron shortage phenomenon of the soil is improved and deleteriousness of the soil is reduced, so that comprehensive performance of the soil is greatly improved, fertility of the soil is improved, and yield of crops is reinforced.

The invention discloses a cultivation method for dry land full-film earthing hole sowing winter wheat later-crop replanted soybeans, and belongs to the technical field of cultivation of winter wheat later-crop replanted soybeans. The cultivation method comprises the steps of carrying out fertilizer application, deep tillage, rotary tillage, rake grinding and full-ground plastic film mulching on afirst crop of winter wheat according to technical regulations of full-film earthing hole sowing cultivation, and then carrying out hole sowing of the winter wheat in good time; after mechanically harvesting the winter wheat in a summer, remaining plastic films, wherein the stubble height is 2-3 cm; removing wheat straws; sealing damaged positions of the plastic films in time; and directly carryingout hole sowing of soybeans without tillage, wherein in a whole period of duration of the second crops, the plastic films are not removed until the second crop of soybeans are harvested. By the technology, after the first crop of winter wheat is harvested, procedures such as soil ploughing, rake grinding, rotary tillage before sowing and film mulching are omitted, the plastic film utilization efficiency is improved, mechanical loss and plastic film 'white pollution' are reduced, and purposes of saving costs, improving efficiency and implementing green cultivation are realized.

The invention discloses a single-ridge double-row staggered close planting method for corn. The method aims at solving the problems that an existing northeast corn planting mode is unreasonable, and the yield cannot be continuously increased. The corn single-ridge double-row staggered close planting method comprises the following steps that 1, deep scarification, rotary tillage, land leveling andfertilization are carried out in spring of the first year, earlier-stage treatment is carried out on a planting field by using a ridger, and every three adjacent holes for planting the corn are distributed in an isosceles triangle shape; 2, the corn is planted on two rows of planting lines of a ridge table in the planting process due to no-tillage treatment of the soil in the previous year; 3, forcorn rootstalk treatment in the first year and the second year, no-tillage sowing is carried out on the planting position of the first year in spring in the third year; 4, for corn rootstalk treatment in the previous year, no-tillage sowing is carried out on the planting position of the second year in spring, and straw with rootstalk and the rootstalk on all ridges are returned to the field afterharvest in autumn; and 5, cyclic sowing is carried out according to the steps 1-4 in the next cycle period. The method is applied to the field of agricultural planting.

The invention discloses a shovel plate with biomimetic geometrical structure characteristics for micro-appearance processing on the surface of soil, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery. According to the shovel plate, a soil inserting front-end blade is positioned at the upper part of the shovel plate, a soil facing surface is positioned at the front part of the shovel plate, and a soil backing surface is positioned at the rear part of the shovel plate; the shape of the soil inserting front-end blade is determined by a profile curve of a longitudinal projective plane of the soil inserting front-end blade, the shape of the soil facing surface is determined by a profile curve of the cross section and a profile curve of the longitudinal section of the soil facing surface, and the shape of the soil backing surface is determined by a profile curve of the cross section and a profile curve of the longitudinal section of the soil backing surface. The shovel plate disclosed by the invention can solve the technical problems in the prior art that a rolling component for the micro-appearance processing on the surface of the soil has difficulty in operation in farming areas with high soil compactness and serious soil hardening, so that the rolling component for the micro-appearance processing on the surface of the soil can realize effective operation in the farming areas with severe soil hardening.

The invention belongs to the field of gum-eucommia-ulmoides-forest ultra-short-period directive cultivation methods, and discloses a gum-eucommia-ulmoides-forest ultra-short-period directive cultivation method. The gum-eucommia-ulmoides-forest ultra-short-period directive cultivation method includes the steps of afforestation land selecting, afforestation technology implementing, tending managing,disease-pest controlling, harvesting and yielding, wherein the afforestation technology includes soil preparation, base fertilizer applying, seedling selecting, density controlling and seedling planting; tending managing includes irrigating and watering, formula fertilizing, hormone foliage spraying, soil and fertilizer managing, tillage and weeding and shaping and pruning. According to the gum-eucommia-ulmoides-forest ultra-short-period directive cultivation method, comfortable and good soil environment space can be provided, the life function of roots is improved, extending of the roots tothe depth and the breadth is increased, robust growth is promoted accordingly, and the method can be of positive and actual significance in increasing of the eucommia-ulmoides unit leaf yield and gumyield.

The invention discloses a rolling wheel gas distributing type gas pressure subsoiler. A gas gun rolling wheel is fixed to a rack through a gas conveying shaft in the center of the gas gun rolling wheel, three sets of gas gun pressing-in devices and a deep scarification gas gun spray head are fixed to the outer surface of a rim of the gas gun rolling wheel, a gas path convertor is fixed to the side face of a hub of the gas gun rolling wheel, three convertor gas channels are arranged in the gas converter, and the convertor gas channels and a downward radial gas channel of the gas conveying shaft are located on the same section and relatively rotate to enable a gas path to be periodically connected and disconnected. During work, a tractor drags the rack and the gas gun rolling wheel to move, a diesel self-arranged on the whole machine drives a high-pressure gas pump to pump high-pressure gas into a high-pressure gas storage tank, the high-pressure gas is conveyed to the gas conveying shaft through a gas control box, the gas conveying shaft and the gas path convertor arranged on the gas conveying shaft in a sleeving mode relatively rotate to complete gas path conversion, and then the high-pressure gas is pumped into the deep scarification gas gun spray head through a high-pressure gas pipe and the gas gun pressing-in device and injected into a plow pan to achieve gas pressure deep scarification. When the rolling wheel gas distributing type gas pressure subsoiler works, the plow pan can be broken without turning over surface soil, and the advantages of being adjustable in deep scarification depth and gas gun position, good in deep scarification effect, simple in structure, low in cost and the like are achieved.

The invention discloses a technical mode for improving the drought resistance of mangoes in the Leizhou region and restoring the orchord soil fertility. The multiple cropping mode of mangoes and leguminous crops comprises the following steps: carrying out farrowing in a passage between mango rows, filling farrows with litchis fallen leaves, applying a liquid fertilizer, spraying a biological decomposition agent, planting the leguminous crops and applying a soil activation water-retaining agent. The technical mode mainly comprises the steps of carrying out furrowing in the middle passage of two rows of mangoes and planting the leguminous crops. According to the technical mode for improving the drought resistance of the mangoes in the Leizhou region and restoring the orchard soil fertility, the fertilizer utilization rate is increased by applying efficient liquid fertilizer; the decomposition of fallen leaves is accelerated by spraying the biological decomposition agent; a biological carbon source and a nitrogen source are jointly supplemented for soil by planting land-nourishing leguminous crops, so that the orchard soil fertility is restored; and by applying the soil activation water-retaining agent, the drought resistance of the mangoes in winter and spring is improved, finally, the yield and quality of the mangoes are improved, sustainable utilization of mango orchard cultivated land is achieved, and social benefits, economic benefits and ecological benefits are synchronously improved.

The invention provides a self-driven subsoiler capable of achieving layered and spiral soil crushing and a method. The self-driven subsoiler comprises a frame and a self-driven spiral subsoiling soilcrushing device and is characterized in that the frame is used for supporting and fixing other devices and hooked with a tractor suspension system to provide traction force for tools; the self-drivenspiral subsoiling soil crushing device converts the advancing-direction resistance of soil crushing teeth into radial force, self-driven rotation of a crushing plow bottom layer is achieved to replacetraditional subsoiling, and a layered soil crushing function is achieved. The self-driven subsoiler has the advantages that the layered self-driven spiral soil crushing manner is adopted, the plowingresistance is converted into the spiral rotation of the soil crushing teeth to crush soil layers so as to increase the water storage and moisture conservation ability of soil; the soil crushing teethof different parameters and specifications are designed to match with different fields with different soil conditions, and operation modules are replaced according to the soil conditions to increasethe operation effect; the advancing resistance is converted into the radial drive force of the spiral soil crushing teeth, extra consumption of the power of a tractor is avoided, the plowing parts areresistant to wear, and the service life of the plowing parts is prolonged.

The invention discloses a soil conditioner which is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1500 parts of montmorillonite-humic acid complex, 0.5 part of chelated iron, 0.5 part of chelated zinc, 15 parts of complex microbial inoculants and a compound amino acid stock solution serving as a binder. The soil conditioner is simple in preparation method, raw materials are easy to obtain, implementation is convenient, the soil conditioner contains nutrient elements and nutrient coordination substances needed by northern facility tomato soil, the soil health condition can be effectively improved, the tomato yield can be increased, tomato quality improvement can be promoted, and the soil conditioner is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. Powerful support is provided for green and sustainable development of the northern facility tomato industry.

The invention relates to mole plough shovel components in the field of agricultural farming machinery, in particular to a mole plough bionic anti-sticking, anti-drag and wear-resistant plough shovel, which aims to solve the technical problems of high work resistance, easiness in wearing and the like in the conventional plough shovel. The adopted technical scheme is that: the plough shovel mainly comprises a shovel handle and a shovel point; bionic geometric structural units which are regularly distributed or distributed randomly and uniformly are arranged on the surface of the shovel point; the bionic geometric structural units have the geometric shapes of convex hulls, pits or ribs; the ratio of the height H of the convex hulls to the diameter D of the circle of the hull bottom is 0.1 to0.5; the distance between the centers of every two adjacent convex hulls is 7 to 20 mm; the pits have the spherical segment shapes; the ratio of the depth H of the pits to the diameter D of the upperopenings of the pits is 0.1 to 0.5; the distance between every two adjacent pits is 5 to 20 mm; and the ribs are transversely linear, transversely herringbone, longitudinally linear or longitudinallywavy and are distributed continuously or interruptedly.

The invention discloses a rolling wheel gas distributing type gas pressure subsoiler. A gas gun rolling wheel is fixed to a rack through a gas conveying shaft in the center of the gas gun rolling wheel, three sets of gas gun pressing-in devices and a deep scarification gas gun spray head are fixed to the outer surface of a rim of the gas gun rolling wheel, a gas path convertor is fixed to the side face of a hub of the gas gun rolling wheel, three convertor gas channels are arranged in the gas converter, and the convertor gas channels and a downward radial gas channel of the gas conveying shaft are located on the same section and relatively rotate to enable a gas path to be periodically connected and disconnected. During work, a tractor drags the rack and the gas gun rolling wheel to move, a diesel self-arranged on the whole machine drives a high-pressure gas pump to pump high-pressure gas into a high-pressure gas storage tank, the high-pressure gas is conveyed to the gas conveying shaft through a gas control box, the gas conveying shaft and the gas path convertor arranged on the gas conveying shaft in a sleeving mode relatively rotate to complete gas path conversion, and then the high-pressure gas is pumped into the deep scarification gas gun spray head through a high-pressure gas pipe and the gas gun pressing-in device and injected into a plow pan to achieve gas pressure deep scarification. When the rolling wheel gas distributing type gas pressure subsoiler works, the plow pan can be broken without turning over surface soil, and the advantages of being adjustable in deep scarification depth and gas gun position, good in deep scarification effect, simple in structure, low in cost and the like are achieved.

The invention discloses a mechanized crop rotation method for corn and soybeans in a northeast ridge planting region. According to the method, the corn is planted in the first year, the soybeans are planted in the second year, the corn is planted in the third year, and accordingly crop rotation is carried in a reciprocated mode; in the first planting year, the operation mode that straw smashing and returning to a field in a covering mode, stubble and smashing for turning and burying are fused is adopted, while the air speed of a soil surface is reduced, water and soil loss is reduced due to stubble operation, the amount of the straw returned to the field is kept by 30%, 30% of straw can be used for secondary smashing and returning to the field after the soybeans are harvested in the second year, in this way, 30% of straw for covering by weight still exists before seeds are sown in the third year in spring, and only 30% of straw needs to be returned to the field by weight in the third planting year; deep scarification operation is carried out at a time every three years; surface tillage operation is adopted in spring every year, surface tillage and trench bottom heavy pressing are combined to be operated. By the adoption of the new tillage and sowing combined mode and the new mode that the straw is returned to the field, rotation sowing operation is carried out on the corn and the soybeans so that melting of a frozen layer can be accelerated, soil temperature can be increased, water and soil loss can be reduced, the content of organic matter in soil can be increased, and water storage for soil moisture preservation can be achieved.