Portable surface runoff simulating and measuring device

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable surface runoff simulating and measuring device. The device comprises a measuring cylinder, a water diversion channel, a runoff frame and a sampling bottle, wherein the measuring cylinder is fixed on a bracket; a water outlet and a valve are arranged at the lower end of the measuring cylinder; the water outlet is communicated with the water diversion channel through a water delivery pipe; a water outlet slot hole is laterally formed in the side wall of the water diversion channel; a supporting seat and an access board are arranged below the water diversion channel; the runoff frame comprises a front inserting plate, a rear inserting plate and two side inserting plates which are connected with one another and form a rectangle; the access board is buckled on the inner side of the front inserting plate through an inserting slit; a runoff output connector is arranged in the outer side of the rear inserting plate; the sampling bottle is communicated with the runoff output connector on the rear inserting plate through a runoff output pipe; a volume scale line is arranged on the side wall of the sampling bottle; a vertical angle measuring device is arranged on the outer side wall of each side inserting plate; a horizontal reference device is arranged on the outer side wall of the rear inserting plate. The simulating and measuring device is centimetre-level in dimension, can repeatedly measuring surface runoff sample data in quantity, and improves the accuracy of observation data.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of surface runoff simulation measurement equipment, in particular to a portable surface runoff simulation measurement device. Background technique [0002] After the atmospheric precipitation falls on the ground, part of it evaporates into water vapor and returns to the atmosphere, part of it infiltrates into the soil and becomes groundwater, and the rest of the water flows along the slope and flows into rivers and oceans through gullies and streams. This kind of water flow is Surface runoff, through the study of surface runoff, the hydrology and soil erosion laws of the watershed can be obtained, and the impact of ecological engineering and human soil and water conservation engineering measures on runoff, soil erosion, and output of non-point source pollutants can be evaluated. [0003] At present, the measurement of surface runoff mainly adopts methods such as standard runoff plot method, runoff plot method, meter-l...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

During the application of the above method, observers need to make their own observation facilities, and once the measured slope is selected and runoff plots are built, the runoff measurement facilities will become fixed, and the investment of runoff measurement facilities is large, and the area of ​​the measured slope is also large. Larger, so only a small number of runoff plots can be built. There are generally problems of less repeated samples in the research work and low repeatability of the obtained results. There is a lack of research methods that are smaller in scale than the above research methods, easy to carry, and can be produced in a complete set. Runoff observation equipment; in addition, the formation of surface runoff is the balance of precipitation, infiltration, and evaporation on the micro scale. Factors such as slope vegetation, cover, human activities, slope, and soil type directly affect the generation of runoff, and with the spatial As the scale increases, the changes of these factors also increase. Only when the research point is selected to observe the surface runoff on a smaller scale, these influencing factors can be regarded as consistent. The current runoff measurement facilities generally have the problem of large scale.

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