A method for balancing energy consumption and maintaining coverage in underwater wireless sensor networks

Abstract

A method for balancing energy consumption and maintaining coverage of an underwater wireless sensor network belongs to the field of underwater wireless sensor networks. The invention aims to solve the shortcomings of existing underwater wireless sensor network link technologies. The method of the present invention includes the following steps: randomly distributing nodes in the area to be monitored; dormantly covering nodes with higher redundancy; clustering the network after dormant redundant nodes: taking network coverage and energy consumption standard deviation as the objective function , use multi-objective algorithm based on decomposition technology to optimize and obtain a set of non-dominated solutions, and use the TOPSIS method to select a better solution from the set of non-dominated solutions as the clustering method; if a node is detected to be dead, wake up the dead node The sleeping nodes around the node will make the redundant nodes in the awakened nodes sleep according to the sleeping principle; repeat the above steps until the node cannot connect to the base station.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of underwater wireless sensor networks, in particular to a method for balancing energy consumption and maintaining coverage of underwater wireless sensor networks. Background technique [0002] Due to the increasing demand for ocean exploration, Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are widely used in underwater auxiliary navigation, underwater resource detection, underwater environment monitoring, and other fields, and have become the current research topic. One of the hot spots. [0003] However, due to the limited energy carried by the underwater sensor itself, and it is difficult to replace or supplement the power supply, prolonging the working time of the network and maintaining the coverage of the network in the process is one of the hotspots and difficulties of wireless sensor networks. To solve this problem, the terrestrial wireless sensor network mainly reduces the energy consumption of network nodes a...

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Problems solved by technology

However, because the energy consumption model is quite different from that of UWSNs and the coverage model of terrestrial wireless sensor networks is mainly concentrated on the two-dimensional plane, which does not match the coverage model of the underwater sensor network in three-dimensional space, so the coverage model of the terrestrial sensor network cannot be The research results are directly applied to UWSNs, so it is urgent to increase research efforts on UWSNs coverage and prolonging network life.

[0004] In this regard, Latif et al. adopted a heterogeneous method to make up for the coverage holes in the network and prolong the network life by introducing mobile nodes. However, the underwater environment is more complicated, the accuracy of node movement needs to be improved, and mobile nodes will consume a lot of energy.

Hong Changjian and others use a dynamic layering mechanism to periodically cluster network nodes. Although this algorithm can prolong the network life cycle to a certain extent, it does not consider the impact of node death on network coverage; the LEACH- The Coverage-U algorithm is based on the LEACH algorithm of the terrestrial sensor network and establishes an algorithm for periodically selecting cluster heads. Although this algorithm can prolong the life cycle of the network to a certain extent, frequent selection of cluster heads will bring problems to the network. Larger energy loss, and the algorithm cannot effectively guarantee the network coverage; the cluster-based underwater sensor network coverage preservation routing algorithm proposed by Jiang Peng et al. can extend the network life cycle compared with LEACH-Coverage-U At the same time, the coverage of the network is well maintained, but disconnection between clusters and between clusters and SINK nodes is prone to occur, which leads to local network interruption, and the cluster head node near the SINK node has a large load, and its Short lifespan and premature death, which in turn affects the life cycle of the entire network

Jiang Peng et al. proposed a distributed coverage-preserving routing algorithm for unevenly layered networks, that is, the network is layered according to the different distances between nodes and SINK nodes to reduce the communication energy consumption of nodes close to SINK nodes, and based on network coverage The cluster head is selected in the way of redundancy. Although this algorithm can prolong the network life and maintain the network coverage, it is prone to the situation that the cluster head node contains more cluster members, so it cannot balance the network energy consumption well. The ability to extend the network life cycle and maintain network coverage still needs to be further improved

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