Comprehensive improvement and breeding method of cotton based on space mutagenesis as main body

A technology of spatial mutagenesis and cotton varieties, which is applied in the fields of plant genetic improvement, botanical equipment and methods, and applications, can solve problems such as difficulty in achieving simultaneous improvement of quality, yield and disease resistance, increasing the difficulty of breeding work, and difficulty in meeting quality standards. , to achieve the effect of improving market competitiveness, reducing textile industry costs, and high mutation frequency

Inactive Publication Date: 2003-07-02
CHUANGYUAN BIOLOGICAL SCI & TECH JIANGXI PROV
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Problems solved by technology

[0002] At present, the current situation of cotton breeding, cotton hybrid breeding is carried out in the natural state of the ground, the high quality and high yield of cotton are a pair of contradictions that are difficult to coordinate, and it is even more difficult to achieve simultaneous improvement of quality, yield and disease resistance
my country has been focusing on yield breeding for many years. Although it is transforming to quality breeding, however, since fiber strength and fineness are a pair of contradictions that are inversely related to each other, it is required that the three main indicators of fiber quality be strong, thin and long. At the same time, the improvement of cotton fiber quality is required to be synchronized with high yield and disease resistance, which increases the difficulty of breeding work. Therefore, it is difficult to meet the quality standards, which has always troubled breeders.

Method used

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  • Comprehensive improvement and breeding method of cotton based on space mutagenesis as main body

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0024] ①Planting PD4548 and Yumian No. 1, planting 1 plot for each variety resource, at the flowering stage, select PD4548 as the female parent and Yumian No. 1 as the male parent, manually emasculate, pollinate, and prepare hybrid seed F1;

[0025] ②Put the F1 seeds on the returning satellite for space mutagenesis treatment. The processing time is 15 days. The perigee of the satellite is 175km, the apogee is 353km, and it takes 89.1min to circle the earth:

[0026] ③Using the short-day high-temperature conditions in autumn and winter in Hainan Province, the space-induced mutagenesis-treated seeds were propagated southward;

[0027] ④ Backcross breeding of the fine single F2 (male parent) selected from the Southern Propagation Plus generation with PD4548 (female parent), so that the population development of the hybrid offspring will develop towards the breeding goal.

Embodiment 2

[0029] Select hybrid parents with strong combining ability and remarkable target traits. Taking Gannongda No. 6 as the female parent, it was bred by crossing Yumian No. 1 and PD4548 by pedigree method. Yumian No. 1 was a high-yielding, moderate-heat and resistant to Fusarium wilt that was popularized in the cotton area of ​​the Yellow River Basin in the 1980s. The main advantage of this upland cotton variety is its good fineness, up to 6051m / g (conversion micronaire value 3.9), PD4548 is a high-strength fiber germplasm resource imported from the United States by the China Cotton Institute, with a single fiber strength of 4.6g and a breaking strength of 25.52gf / tex (24.47cN / tex) is a rare high-strength fiber cotton breeding material. The internal quality of Gannongda No. 6 fiber bred by the above two materials as hybrid parents has improved, and the span length of 2.5% is 29.48mm. The specific strength is 24.84gf / tex (24.34cN / tex), the micronaire value is 5.3, and the fiber sp...

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Abstract

A process for modifying cotton variety by space induction includes such steps as hybridizing between the cotton as female parent with high specific strength and the early-mature, high-yield and a disease-resistant cotton as male parent, space induction treatment of hybridized seeds, then reproduction further, backcrossing for breeding, and choosing by multiple generations. Its advnatages are high mutation frequency, several variant types, broad various spectrum, high yield and high resistance to diseases.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a cotton breeding method, in particular to a cotton comprehensive improvement breeding method mainly based on space mutagenesis. Background technique [0002] At present, in the current situation of cotton breeding, cotton hybrid breeding is carried out in the natural state of the ground. The high quality and high yield of cotton are a pair of contradictions that are difficult to coordinate, and it is even more difficult to achieve simultaneous improvement of quality, yield and disease resistance. my country has been focusing on yield breeding for many years. Although it is transforming to quality breeding, however, since fiber strength and fineness are a pair of contradictions that are inversely related to each other, it is required that the three main indicators of fiber quality be strong, thin and long. At the same time, the improvement of cotton fiber quality is required to be synchronized with high yield and disease resista...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01H1/02A01H1/06
Inventor 肖文俊
Owner CHUANGYUAN BIOLOGICAL SCI & TECH JIANGXI PROV
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