Efficient banana in vitro quick-breeding method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for isolated fast propagation of high-quality seedling by using Brazil banana immature male flower as explant. Said method includes the following steps: collecting fresh banana male flower, using its immature portion, slicing and making tissue culture. The propagation coefficient of every slice explant is up to 25-30, and high-effective high-quality tissue culture seedling can be obtained.

Description

[technical field] [0001] The invention relates to a method for rapidly propagating high-quality seedlings by using immature male flowers of Brazilian banana as explants in vitro. [Background technique] [0002] Bananas in a broad sense include two categories: Banana and Plantain. Bananas and plantains belong to Musa (Musaceae) (Musa) (Edited by South China Agricultural University. Monographs on Fruit Cultivation (Southern Edition). Agricultural Press. 1993: 104). Almost all edible bananas are evolved from the selfing or hybrid offspring of the original wild Musa acuminata Colla and Musa balbisiana Colla. Most of the fresh bananas are triploid AAA, that is, their chromosomes are all derived from Banana acuminate, which is the offspring of selfing or somatic mutation of Banana acuminate. Plantains are also triploid, and their chromosome composition is AAB or ABB, that is, their chromosomes are derived from plantains and long-stemmed bananas. In addition to triploids, there ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, with the increase of the number of subgenerations, the quality of the seedlings gradually decreased and the mutation rate increased, and the resistance to diseases and insect pests decreased.

However, in order to pursue high economic benefits and reduce costs during production, producers often increase the yield of seedlings by increasing the number of generations, thus causing a large number of inferior seedlings to enter the market, harming the interests of banana farmers and affecting the development of the banana industry

[0008] 2 long production cycle

The current tissue culture method for banana bud propagation takes about 10-11 months from collecting sucking buds to commercial seedlings of 12 generations, and the production cycle is long

[0009] 3 easy to carry virus

The material used in the production of existing banana seedlings is banana corm buds, which grow in the underground soil and are easily infected with various germs. Although they have been strictly screened and sterilized, there is still a risk of the material being contaminated.

In order to ensure the quality of the seedlings produced, the seedlings produced every year must be tested for viruses, which increases the production cost of the seedlings

[0010] 4 cause mother plant damage

At present, the main sampling time of commercialized banana tissue culture seedlings on the market is concentrated in March-May every year, when the mother plant of banana is in the high-speed growth period, and the collection of seedling propagation materials will bring certain damage to the mother plant of banana , affecting the yield and fruit quality of the mother plant

[0011] 5 high production costs

The production of banana tissue culture seedlings is a labor-intensive industry with low reproduction coefficient and long production cycle. The factory labor production cost accounts for more than 70% of the entire production cost, and the labor production cost is too high

Generally, it takes 10-11 months to produce 12-generation tissue culture seedlings, which consumes a lot of manpower and takes up a lot of production materials, which increases the production cost

[0012] The deficiencies and shortcomings in the above banana tissue culture production methods have begun to restrict the rapid and healthy development of the banana industry, and at the same time restrict the further upgrading of the banana industry. There are four specific manifestations: First: long production cycle and slow market response , unable to flexibly respond to market demand

Second: The quality of the seedlings caused by the high number of generations decreases, which brings about adverse chain reactions in production

Third: Defects in the method of obtaining materials lead to the incomplete detoxification of banana tissue culture seedlings, and the damage to the mother plant may occur in the year when the materials are obtained, resulting in a decrease in yield and fruit quality

Fourth: high production costs

[0015] 2 low succession