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Vaccines with enhanced immune response and methods for their preparation

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-01-27
IMMUNOVACCINE TECH INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

Unexpectedly and uniquely, it has now been found that using a continuous phase of a hydrophobic substance as the carrier in a vaccine composition of the present invention enhances the immune response. The enhanced response is characterized by long-lived high antibody titres following a single vaccine administration resulting in enhanced duratio

Problems solved by technology

Unfortunately, only some of the antibodies produced bind to the target organism or toxin because, in most cases, the antigen used in the vaccine differs structurally from the target.
The limited availability of useful antigens has posed limitations to vaccine development in the past.
However, use of antigens produced by recombinant means often results in poor production of antibodies with poor affinity for the target native antigen for reasons given above.
In particular, feral cat populations have been difficult to control and threaten many birds and small animals.
Various methods including hunting, trapping and poisoning have been used in an effort to control stray cat populations but these methods have met with limited success and with public opposition.
Acceptance of this procedure

Method used

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  • Vaccines with enhanced immune response and methods for their preparation
  • Vaccines with enhanced immune response and methods for their preparation

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Example

Example 1

Preparation of the Vaccine Composition

The vaccine composition can be formulated to be water-free or to contain various quantities of water (by using an aqueous medium, for example, saline, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or pyrogen-free water) while maintaining a continuous oil phase. Procedure 1 described below applies to the water-free formulation of the vaccine composition. Procedure 2 described below applies to the water containing formulation of the vaccine composition, that is, the water-in-oil emulsion. The two procedures can also vary depending on the adjuvant being used. As examples, method A applies to formulations of the vaccine composition containing alum and method B applies to formulations containing Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA). Other adjuvants may be accommodated by adapting either method A or method B. The procedures described below incorporate porcine soluble intact zona pellucida (SIZP) as antigen, other antigens can replace SIZP in the formulation...

Example

Example 2

Immunization of Rabbits Against Native and Denatured Yeast Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH)

The vaccine composition is unique in producing high titers of anti-SIZP antibodies that are long-lasting following a single administration. To determine if the vaccine composition would produce high antibody titers with other antigens, particularly proteins that are not bound to cell membranes, rabbits are immunized with yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Two forms of ADH are used as antigen, namely, native ADH and ADH that had been treated to denature the protein. To denature ADH, ADH is treated with mercaptoethanol (10% v / v in Tris buffer, 0.1 M, pH 7.5, 30 min, 100° C.). The solution is dialyzed against distilled water and freeze-dried. Four rabbits (2 for each treatment) are immunized with native or denatured ADH (40 μg) using a primary injection with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) followed by a booster injection with Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) given one month later. The p...

Example

Example 3

Immunocontraception of Rabbits

Sera from rabbits immunized with a placebo vaccine that contained all ingredients of the vaccine composition except the antigen (porcine SIZP) contain no anti-porcine SIZP antibodies (see Table 3A). Immunization of rabbits with porcine SIZP (40 μg) encapsulated in liposomes containing phosholipon 90 G (0.1 g), cholesterol (0.01 g) in saline (0.5 ml) emulsified in FCA adjuvant (0.5 ml) produce high titers of anti-SIZP antibodies during the 12 month post-immunization monitoring period following a single administration of the vaccine. Immunization of rabbits with porcine SIZP (40 μg) encapsulated in liposomes with MF 59 adjuvant (0.5 ml) produce low anti-SIZP titers. In contrast, immunization of rabbits with porcine SIZP encapsulated in liposomes with alum adjuvant (100 μl, Pierce ImjectAlum™) produce anti-porcine SIZP titers that are less than titers produced using FCA in early post-immunization but the titers are less different than between t...

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Abstract

The present invention is concerned with vaccines and their preparation. An effective long-term immune response, especially in mammals, can be produced using a vaccine comprising an antigen encapsulated in liposomes, a suitable adjuvant and a carrier comprising a continuous phase of a hydrophobic substance. The vaccine is particularly effective in eliciting the production of antibodies that recognize epitopes of native proteins.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of immunology, in particular, to vaccines and their preparation. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Generally, vaccines use low doses of a specific antigen to build up resistance in a host to the effects of larger doses of the antigen or similar antigenic compounds. Antigens used in vaccines are usually parts of whole organisms or denatured toxins (toxoids) that induce the production of antibodies. Unfortunately, only some of the antibodies produced bind to the target organism or toxin because, in most cases, the antigen used in the vaccine differs structurally from the target. The limited availability of useful antigens has posed limitations to vaccine development in the past. Advances in genetic engineering have made the production of antigens by recombinant means possible. However, use of antigens produced by recombinant means often results in poor production of antibodies with poor affinity for the target native antige...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A61K9/00A61K9/127A61K39/00A61K39/002A61K39/02A61K39/12A61K39/29A61K39/39A61P15/00
CPCA61K9/127A61K39/00A61K39/0006A61K39/292A61K39/39A61K47/44A61K2039/55555A61K2039/55566Y10S514/937Y10S424/812A61K2039/5555A61K39/04A61K2039/545A61K2039/55505C12N2730/10134A61K2039/575A61K39/12A61P15/00A61P31/00
Inventor BROWN, ROBERT GEORGEPOHAJDAK, WILLIAMKIMMINS, WARWICK CHARLES
Owner IMMUNOVACCINE TECH INC
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