Bast crops processing line

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for primary processing of bast-fiber crops and can be used to obtain the same type straw fibers and shives or flax and hemp fibers. The bast crops processing line consists of the sequentially installed recoiling machine, dividing and scutching machine, breaking machine, the machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing tow shaker and shive-fiber waste transportation system, while the latter is fitted with a crushing device. The dividing and scutching machine makes it possible to form a layer of raw material with a definite and optimal density for processing, to card and separate shives from fibers. The machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing provides an intensive separation of shives from fibers, considerably facilitating further separation of free shives in the tow shaker. The crushing device improves reliability of the chive-fiber waste transportation system.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]The present application is a national stage application from the PCT application PCT / UA2018 / 000040 filed Apr. 25, 2018, which claims priority to Ukranian application No. a201707867 filed Jul. 27, 2017, all of which incorporated herein by reference by their entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The present invention relates to an apparatus for primary processing of bast-fiber crops and can be used to obtain the same type straw fibers and shives or flax and hemp fibers. Moreover, the invention makes it possible to obtain fibers with low shive content.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]One of the commonly known tow preparing apparatuses is the KPML-2M apparatus, Markov V.V. Initial processing of linen and other bast crops; Markov V.V. Light and food industry, 1981-376 c., which consists of a divider, breaking machine, scutching sections, tow shaker and pneumatic conveying system. Raw material processing by using the KPML-2M tow preparing appara...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0014]The layer-forming and scutching machine (3) installed immediately after the recoiling machine (1) makes it possible to form a raw material (10) layer with a definite and optimal density for processing. The layer-forming and scutching machine (3) comprises a scutching drum, which simultaneously forms a raw material layer, performs carding and separates shives from fibers. Besides, according to the claimed invention, the layer-forming and scutching machine (3) is designed with the possibility of discharging (in the sense of “total removal”, “extraction”) free shives into the waste transportation system (8). Accordingly, the layer-forming and scutching machine (3) is connected directly to the shive-fiber waste transportation system (8). As a result, enriched and partly paralleled raw fibers are fed into the breaking machine. Moreover, the breaking machine (4) and the tow shaker (7) are designed with the possibility of separating free shives and each of them is connected directly to the shive-fiber waste transportation system (8).

[0015]Consequently, to carry out the following shives separation operations, less stringent processing modes, less powerful and less metal and energy-consuming equipment will be required. All of the foregoing contributes to the effectiveness of the process of separating shives from fibers and provides the opportunity to process raw materials (10) with a wide range of dens...

Problems solved by technology

However, due to the large number of mechanisms included in the apparatus, the processing line has high energy and metal intensity.

However, this apparatus is designed to process only one type of raw material—flax straw.

The disadvantage of such a line is that the process of shives separation is more complicated and that the shives are discharged (in the sense of “extracted”) only at the last stage of fiber processing.

The spiked feeder does not perform carding and scutching functions, nor separate and extract free shives.

As a result, the raw materials layer remains unparallelized and with the initial shives content throughout the entire processing process.

And this, in turn, complicates the process of breaking and separating shives, as practical studies have shown that the best effectiveness of the breaking process can be achieved when the bast fiber complexes are parallelized and, at the same time, o...

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