The invention provides a deployment method of a dense heterogeneous cellular network, belonging to the technical field of mobile communication. The method comprises the steps of first, calculating anassociation probability A<M> indicating that a user associates with an MBS layer, an association probability A<F> indicating that a user associates with an FBS layer, and an SINR<M> of the user in theMBS layer and an SINR<F> of the user in the FBS layer; second, calculating a coverage rate K and an average user rate R by using A<M>, A<F>, SINR<M> and SINR<F>; third, assuming that base stations are all in an activated state, calculating an average space power consumption (ASPC); fourth, resolving an optimal density Lambada <F,K> and a transmitting power P<F,K> of FBS under a condition that a target coverage rate is met; fifth, resolving an optimal density Lambada <F,R> and a transmitting power P<F,R> of FBS under a condition that a target average user rate is met; and sixth, selecting an optimal value from Lambada <F,K> and Lambada <F,R>, and selecting an optimal value from P<F,K> and P<F,R>. The base station density and the base station transmitting power are jointly optimized, so asto minimize the ASPC; and the method saves more energy than a solution optimizing only the base station density while delivering user services of high quality.