The invention relates to the technical field of exploration, in particular to an oil and gas
hydrocarbon exploration method and
system based on seismic data, and the method comprises the steps: arranging a seismic source array and a
seismic wave receiver array in an exploration area, collecting
seismic wave signals reflected or refracted by an underground stratum through the
receiver array, and forming an original seismic
data set; preprocessing the original seismic
data set; constructing a three-dimensional geologic model based on the preprocessed data, and optimizing
model parameters by adopting
tomography; performing depth migration
imaging processing to generate a high-resolution three-dimensional
geological structure map, and identifying oil and gas-containing reservoir features through
seismic attribute extraction and rock physical analysis; and outputting oil and gas reservoir space distribution and geological parameter prediction results. The method has the advantages that the oil-gas exploration precision can be improved, and meanwhile the oil-gas collection difficulty and cost are effectively reduced.