The invention discloses an anti-counterfeiting mark, a marking device, an anti-counterfeiting recognition method and a target object marking method. According to the invention, a plurality of photochromic particles are covered by a mark carrier, and the mark carrier can take effects of a lens, so that a luminescence area is increased, and light, which is generated through a photochromic effect, can be detected out more easily; meanwhile, the mark carrier, which is quite tiny, can be conveniently mixed with a target object, which is to be marked and is not represented in a fixed shape, or target object raw materials or mixed with transparent liquid and then sprayed to or coated on the surface of the target object, so that the target object is marked in a hidden mode, and subsequently, detection requirement and difficulty are reduced. Moreover, the anti-counterfeiting marks, when coated on the surface of the target object or when formed in the target object, are distributed in a random mode; and an anti-counterfeiting mark image, which is formed by random distribution, can be used for uniquely marking the target object in a hidden mode as a 'fingerprint' of the marking device, and detection and recognition can be conveniently implemented.