The invention discloses a diverting and converging system based on multi-directional sorting wheels. The diverting and converging system comprises a main conveying line, wherein the main conveying line is connected with a friction driving type sorting wheel conveying line in a matched mode, the output end of the sorting wheel conveying line is connected with a first branch conveying line and a second branch conveying line which are parallel, and in a converging state, axes of the sorting wheels in the sorting wheel conveying line are parallel to driving rollers in the sorting wheel conveying line, wherein the driving rollers drive the sorting wheels to rotate through friction; and in a diverting state, the axes of the sorting wheels in the sorting wheel conveying line keep included angleswith the driving rollers, and the conveying direction of the sorting wheel conveying line can be switched between facing the first branch conveying line and facing the second branch conveying line. According to the scheme, the characteristic that the sorting wheels of the sorting wheel conveying line can freely turn is fully utilized, so that diverting or converging operation is realized, objectsare not damaged in the diverting process, the movement of the objects is not hindered in the converging process, and the combination of the high safety and the high efficiency are effectively realized.