Breeding method of pinctada martensi black-shell strain for sea pearl cultivation

Abstract

The invention relates to a breeding method of a pinctada martensi black-shell strain for sea pearl cultivation and belongs to the technical field of pearl breeding. The breeding method includes taking two geographical populations, namely the wild population of Lingshui of Hainan and the cultured population of Leizhou of Beibuwan as the breeding base populations, selecting high-quality individualities as crossing parents from the two populations , breeding progeny by means of reciprocal cross and selfing of different geographical populations, and selecting the progeny of the combination of 'leizhou *lingshui' with remarkable growth superiority from the progeny to perform enclosed breeding of population so as to obtain a certain amount of the pinctada martensi black-shell strain with obvious feature of black shells, good economic character and stable heritability. The breeding method has the advantages of feasible principle, simple processes and low production cost, can improve the survival rate, growth rate, pearl quality and output of the pinctada martensi greatly, and accordingly can improve sustainable development of the national sea pearl cultivation field.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to a method for breeding new animal varieties, in particular to a method for breeding seawater pearls of Pinctada martensii black-shell strains. Background technique [0002] Pinctada martensii belongs to the mollusk phylum, bivalves, pearl oyster order, pearl oyster family, pinnacle oyster species, and is an important species used to produce seawater pearls. In China, it is distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and the southern coast of the Taiwan Strait, and it is also distributed in Japan. In the 1960s, China became an exporter of cultured pearls from Pinctada martensii (commonly known as "South Pearls"). It is internationally recognized that the quality of Pearls produced in China is second to none in the world. In the 1990s, the output of "South Pearls" jumped to the top in the world. However, in recent years, as the germplasm of Pinctada martensii has deteriorated, the quality and output of pearls have declined year by ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The black shell strains bred by this technology can overcome the germplasm degradation of the existing cultured species of Pinctada martensii, improve the yield and quality of pearl oysters, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the pearl oyster industry; at the same time, due to the black shell The strain has the exact black shell color morphological genetic markers and the excellent traits can be inherited stably, which can overcome the lack of obvious morphological genetic markers in the "Haiyou 1" hybrid variety, which is easy to be confused with other varieties and is in a heterozygous state, and the excellent economic traits cannot be stable Inheritance, only one generation can be used, and each time it is used, the two different geographical populations must be used for hybrid seed production again. It takes a lot of manpower and material resources to isolate and preserve the two geographical populations, which is costly and easy to confuse.

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