Simplified and efficient cultivation method of "two deep and one shallow" wheat in Huanghuaihai wheat region

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wheat cultivation in a Huang-Huai-Hai region and particularly provides a simplified efficient 'deep scarification, deep fertilization and shallow sowing' wheat cultivation method used in the Huang-Huai-Hai region. According to the wheat cultivation method, a cultivation technology optimizing a wheat cultivation method and selecting applicable varieties to improve the wheat yield and comparative benefit of grain production in the Huang-Huai-Hai region and needed matched agricultural machines and tools are adopted. Based on the basis that complicated field operation difficulty is reduced and for the purpose of increasing wheat production comparative benefit, links including wheat land preparation, sowing, fertilization, compaction and the like are optimized and integrated to achieve the systemic effects of technology simplification, high-efficiency resource utilization, improvement of soil fertility and steady yield increase. According to the technical scheme, the wheat cultivation method adopts multi-spike wheat varieties with high tillering capacity, 2BMTFS-12-6 no-tillage planters manufactured by a Shandong Yuncheng Technology Co., Ltd. are adopted for sowing, and weed and disease and insect pest prevention and control work is carried out at the right moment, so that the utilization efficiency of main agricultural production resources including moisture, nutrients and the like is effectively improved, and the comparative benefit of wheat grain production in the Huang-Huai-Hai region is remarkably improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wheat cultivation in the Huanghuaihai wheat region, in particular the cultivation technique for improving the yield of wheat in the Huanghuaihai wheat region and the comparative benefit of grain production and the required supporting agricultural machinery and tools by optimizing the wheat cultivation method and selecting suitable varieties, specifically Simplified and efficient cultivation method of "two deep and one shallow" wheat in Huanghuaihai wheat region. Background technique [0002] The Huanghuai Haimai area includes all of Shandong and Henan in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, Huaihe River, and Haihe River basin, most of Hebei, central and southern Shanxi, Guanzhong of Shaanxi, and Xuhuai area of ​​Jiangsu Province. This area belongs to the warm temperate semi-humid climate type, and the frost-free period is 170 -220 days, rich in light and temperature resources, short of water r...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0018] 1. Farmers in the Huanghuaihai wheat region usually crush the corn stalks twice after harvesting corn, and then deep plow, rotary tillage, rake leveling, furrow raising, and sowing. Field operations are extremely cumbersome, which is labor-intensive and time-consuming, and increases production. cost

In addition, more than 60% of the arable land in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain has returned all wheat and corn stalks to the field. Due to the large amount of corn stalks in the corn season, the deep plowing and fine land preparation before wheat sowing are particularly easily disturbed by a large amount of corn stalks, resulting in wheat seedling shortage. The phenomenon of monopolization is common, which affects the normal development of wheat yield potential

[0019] 2. Extensive fertilization methods and low fertilizer utilization efficiency

At this time, the nutrients applied to the soil are lost through leaching of irrigation water and denitrification, which not only increases the production cost of farmers, but also causes a high degree of "three nitrogen" pollution of underground drinking water sources.

[0020] 3. Years of deep plowing or rotary plowing have resulted in a solid plow layer under the surface soil, which limits the rooting of wheat roots

However, if the plow bottom is too thick (20cm) and solid, it is very unfavorable for material transfer and energy transmission, crop root system extension, ventilation and water permeability. In this case, deep loosening must be adopted to transform and eliminate the plow bottom.

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