451 results about "Arable land" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural environment monitoring, and discloses a cultivated land quality monitoring method. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring soil multi-parameter data, and carrying out sensor network deployment and anti-interference processing; performing exception filtering, standardization and missing value interpolation on the data; cloud storage data are generated through sliding window segmentation and encryption compression; generating a monitoring report based on the multi-dimensional analysis and the dynamic chart; adopting a plurality of intelligent algorithms to identify abnormal modes and constructing an early warning strategy library; and finally, real-time monitoring and early warning grade division are realized. According to the invention, full-process automatic monitoring and intelligent early warning of the cultivated land quality are realized, and the monitoring precision and the decision-making efficiency are obviously improved.

The invention provides a special charcoal-based slow-release fertilizer for sandy soil as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizers. The special charcoal-based slow-release fertilizer for the sandy soil is prepared from amino modified biomass charcoal, urea, urea formaldehyde, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, polyglutamic acid, fulvic acid, clay, attapulgite, a compound microbial agent and sodium alginate. The compound microbial agent is prepared from halomonas (ACCC 11681), bacillus subtilis (ACCC 60429) and bacillus mucilaginosus (ACCC 10094), and the compound microbial agent is prepared from bacillus subtilis (ACCC 60429) and bacillus mucilaginosus (ACCC 10094). The invention further provides a preparation method and application of the special charcoal-based slow-release fertilizer for the sandy soil. The special charcoal-based slow-release fertilizer for the sandy soil can remarkably improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the sandy soil, improve the farmland productivity of the sandy soil, save fertilizer and water input and improve the yield and quality of crops.

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural data analysis, in particular to a land reclamation suitability evaluation and cultivated land quality improvement method based on big data, which comprises the following steps of: acquiring and superposing land utilization, soil and elevation data to construct a multi-source land attribute evaluation data set, calculating the distance from a pattern spot to a water source, reconstructing a weight through Gaussian attenuation, and calculating the land utilization, soil and elevation data; the method comprises the following steps: forming a spatial distance weighted feature matrix, extracting a gradient and an irrigation guarantee rate, performing weight reduction on an overrun part of a conflict threshold value, performing linear weighting calculation on a comprehensive score after normalization, dividing a regulation priority area, matching quality improvement measures, and forming a cultivated land quality improvement project layout map. A pattern spot level evaluation basis is formed through multi-source attribute space superposition, water source distance attenuation calculation is introduced to enable weight to change along with reachability, irrigation difference response is enhanced, conflict constraint correction is carried out on gradient and irrigation guarantee, adverse combination influence is inhibited, stable sorting is formed through uniform scale weighting, and the method is applied to the field of irrigation. And improvement priority area identification and quality improvement measure directional configuration are supported.

This application provides a strip photovoltaic power generation method that uses narrow flat photovoltaic panels to encapsulate a photovoltaic power generation strip. Many photovoltaic power generation strips are connected in series to form photovoltaic power generation cables, which can significantly reduce system costs. The strip photovoltaic power generation method of this application has a large span and few pile foundations, and it hardly interferes with the operation of large agricultural machinery. The shadow moves quickly, not only does it not affect crop photosynthesis, but it also increases production and income, allowing arable land to continue to be cultivated normally. This application opens up a vast new world where photovoltaic power generation does not interfere with arable land cultivation, and provides a unique technical solution for ensuring both energy and food security.

The invention discloses a county planting and breeding space collaborative optimization method, which comprises the following steps of: constructing an economic-ecological-planting and breeding coupled multi-target model, setting dynamic constraint conditions such as water resources and cultivated land, generating a Pareto non-inferior solution set by combining an NSGA-III algorithm, performing optimization such as chromosome coding and fitness calculation, and simulating a future land utilization pattern by utilizing a PLUS model. The method integrates multiple benefits, breaks through the limitation of a single target, and overcomes the defect that a traditional method is difficult to balance multiple targets; an optimization algorithm and a simulation model are deeply fused, a historical data trend is mined, and the problem of simulation and optimization disjunction is solved; through a fine constraint mechanism and optimization design, the method adapts to resource changes, improves accuracy, and provides scientific support for county planting and breeding space layout.

The invention provides a cultivated land non-cultivation data processing and analysis system and method. The system comprises a non-cultivation rate influence factor analysis module and a non-cultivation rate prediction module. The non-farming rate influence factor analysis module integrates a geographic detector model, a panel model, a space model, a space-time geographic weighted regression model and other modules to obtain a significant influence factor result of non-farming in a target area; and the non-farming rate prediction module comprises a panel model prediction module and a time t prediction module to predict the non-farming rate corresponding to each administrative region in the next year. Based on the technical scheme of the invention, multi-source heterogeneous data such as land utilization, climate environment and the like are integrated; index classification is more detailed and comprehensive, so that an analysis result is more effective; time and space factors are fused, and variables of different regions are analyzed more accurately; the factor identification accuracy is remarkably improved, the space prediction precision is remarkably improved, and the time sequence prediction error is remarkably reduced.

The invention discloses an agricultural strip tillage machine, which relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The strip tillage machine comprises a machine body, a main shaft installed inside the machine body and a plurality of strip tillage mechanisms installed outside the main shaft, wherein the strip tillage mechanisms comprise: a fixed cylinder; a tillage assembly, which comprises a plurality of cutter heads arranged along the length direction of the fixed cylinder; a fixed-point debris removal assembly, which comprises a material guide plate slidably sleeved on the outside of a plurality of cutter heads in the same tillage assembly and an active adjustment component for driving the material guide plate to move; a directional lead-out assembly, which comprises a receiving plate and a conveying component arranged at one end of the receiving plate; by timely cleaning away the straw, stone or metal parts outside the cutter heads at set positions, the problem of difficulty in timely cleaning of the wound straw outside the cutter heads affecting the loosening quality is avoided, the problem of large wear and deformation of the cutter heads caused by stones or metal parts stuck between the cutter heads and failure to clean them in time is solved, and the stones and metal parts are directional conveyed to facilitate cleaning by agricultural personnel.

The invention belongs to the technical field of image processing, and particularly relates to a crop fine classification method based on multi-dimensional spectral characteristics. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring a single-temporal high-resolution remote sensing image, calculating multiple spectral indexes and generating an image grid; based on a cultivated land parcel extraction result, selecting a classification annotation sample by superposing a remote sensing image; respectively cutting the remote sensing image and the spectral index grid and carrying out multi-channel synthesis; and then dividing a data set, constructing a deep learning model, training, verifying, and carrying out global reasoning to output a result. According to the method, the accuracy is improved through the multi-dimensional spectral index, and fine classification of different crops is adapted; based on cultivated land pattern spot classification, the influence of noise and broken pattern spots on crop identification can be reduced, the identification result better fits the planting condition, only a single-temporal high-resolution remote sensing image is needed, the method is not influenced by time sequence data missing, the adaptability to a data source is high, the number of model input channels is flexible, and the method is suitable for crop identification and classification tasks in a complex geographical environment.

The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling the content of available phosphorus in soil based on organic carbon-inorganic carbon, and belongs to the technical field of cultivated land conservation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out carbonization treatment on straws to obtain straw biochar; uniformly mixing the basalt powder, the straw biochar and the soil to form mixed soil, and planting crops for cultivation. After the soil is cultivated by the method, the contents of organic carbon and inorganic carbon in the soil are increased, so that the content of available phosphorus is regulated and controlled; and the crop growth condition is good.

The invention discloses an intelligent cultivated land outflow pattern spot extraction method. The method comprises the steps of data collection and preprocessing; samples are rapidly produced based on stock data and a manual collection mode, and sample metadata and file data are stored in a database mode and a file mode respectively; selecting a proper semantic segmentation and change detection algorithm to carry out adaptive transformation and combination, introducing a fully trained general segmentation and general change detection pre-training model, and training an iterative optimization network to obtain an uncultivated land identification and cultivated land change detection model with optimal precision; suspected cultivated land outflow pattern spots are extracted based on an optimal precision model; performing batch regularization processing on the suspected cultivated land outflow pattern spots to obtain suspected cultivated land outflow preliminary result pattern spots; and checking the correctness of the boundary and the attribute of the preliminary result pattern spot to obtain a suspected cultivated land outflow result pattern spot. According to the invention, the farmland outflow condition of the mountain area can be monitored, and the change pattern spots and type information can be extracted and updated quickly, efficiently and accurately.

The invention relates to the field of intelligent farming equipment, in particular to a mountain farming machine blade guiding system with stone detection and grading protection functions and an operation method of the mountain farming machine blade guiding system. The guiding system comprises a multi-mode sensor fusion layout module and a blade dynamic avoiding mechanism. The multi-modal sensor fusion layout module comprises a control host, an angle-adjustable cantilever support arranged above a blade of a farming machine main body, and a radar detection module; the cantilever support is provided with an image acquisition module used for scanning the terrain in front of the farming machine to generate a three-dimensional point cloud and sending the three-dimensional point cloud to the control host; the radar detection module is used for acquiring material information of obstacles in front of a running path of the farming machine and sending the material information to the control host; and the control host drives the blade dynamic avoiding mechanism to dynamically adjust the blade position of the farming machine after combined analysis according to the three-dimensional point cloud and the front obstacle substance information. And the use damage of the ploughing blade of the mountain farming machine in the practical use process is effectively reduced.

The utility model discloses a folding type subsurface flow wetland capable of being produced in batch, which relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and comprises an anti-seepage film and a cushion layer which are paved in a plain soil pit, the cushion layer is filled in a closed area enclosed by the anti-seepage film, the cushion layer comprises a packing layer and a soil mellow layer, the packing layer is paved on the anti-seepage film, and the soil mellow layer is paved on the packing layer. According to the rural domestic sewage treatment device, sewage is treated through a microbial soil infiltration treatment technology, the rural domestic sewage treatment effect is considered, meanwhile, the construction difficulty is small, the occupied area is small, the construction period is shortened, and the construction cost is reduced. The system can be fully integrated into a small vegetable garden or small garden ecological system of a peasant household, protects the farmland cultivation and planting habits of the peasant household, is small in investment and low in cost, and meets the requirements of domestic sewage treatment and recycling in vast rural areas.

The invention provides a cultivated land conservation method for wheat straw ridge covering and no-tillage ditch sowing of green manure, and particularly belongs to the technical field of cultivated land conservation. The cultivated land conservation method comprises the following steps that wheat is harvested, wheat straw is totally returned to the field, and stubbles of 20-25 cm are reserved; after wheat is harvested, leguminous green manure is sown in a no-tillage mode; no chemical fertilizer is applied in the green manure growth process, and irrigation is conducted in furrows in the seedling stage or the squaring stage; the green manure naturally dies and covers the earth surface, and no-tillage wheat sowing is carried out in the wheat sowing season; and repeating the steps to carry out the next round of planting. The cultivated land conservation method is remarkable in water-saving effect, has nitrogen-saving and carbon-sequestration effects, can increase the biomass of green manure and increase the yield of wheat, has small influence on the environment, and can realize cultivated land conservation.

The invention discloses a data layer processing method and system for spatial planning land data arrangement, and relates to the technical field of land data, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining and collecting a plurality of predefined spatial planning constraint layers; the spatial planning constraint layer comprises a stable cultivated land, a permanent basic farmland, an ecological protection red line and a town development boundary; processing each spatial planning constraint layer to generate a site selection base map database of the temporary land; configuring a land use avoidance rule for each constraint layer of the site selection base map database; the avoidance rule comprises a prohibitive rule and a conditional rule, the prohibitive rule is configured for the layers of the permanent basic farmland and the ecological protection red line, and the conditional rule is configured for the layers of the stable cultivated land and the urban development boundary; responding to a temporary land site selection request of the user; the method has the effect of improving the accuracy and compliance of site selection decision.

The invention relates to the technical field of soil ecological restoration and farmland cultivation management, in particular to an ecological regulation and control method for synergistically reducing compound obstacles of yellow soil rice-oil rotation cropland. The method is implemented by stages according to agricultural time: S1, mixing crushed straw, a composite functional microbial agent, a decomposed organic fertilizer and a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer into 0-15cm before rice transplanting; s2, after the rice is harvested, deep scarification is conducted by 20-25 cm, and a ridge culture structure is constructed; s3, interplanting astragalus sinicus after the ridges are built and before the oilseed rape is sown; s4, after the oilseed rape is harvested, the oilseed rape straw and the astragalus smicus are turned and pressed by 20-25 cm, lime is applied, and high water holding capacity is maintained in a short time; and S5, interannual circulation. Through microorganism-structure-nutrient coupling, thin, plate and sticky yellow soil is relieved synergistically, aggregate and air permeability are improved, root growth is promoted, and stable yield is increased.

The invention provides an agricultural drought risk quantitative evaluation method and system considering a drought process, and relates to the technical field of agriculture and climate risk management. According to the method, drought accumulation duration and intensity of all grid points in a research area are determined by using preset drought indexes, a multi-dimensional drought feature joint probability model of a Copula function is constructed based on the data, drought grades and conversion thresholds are divided, and the farmland drought area is counted in combination with land utilization data. By establishing the Markov decision process and optimizing the drought management policy, the prediction precision of the drought risk is effectively improved, the agricultural loss is remarkably reduced, and the resource utilization efficiency is improved. The method provides a reliable basis for scientific decision making.

The invention discloses a cultivated land non-agrochemical monitoring method based on unmanned aerial vehicle video spatialization. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a farmland area video stream, positioning and attitude determination system data and digital elevation model data acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle; extracting a key frame from the video stream based on a double-threshold detection algorithm of the optical stream change rate and the image information entropy; performing spatialization processing on the key frame through a collinear equation optimization solution combined with a digital elevation model, and converting image coordinates into geographic coordinates; fusing the key frame image data with the corresponding geographical coordinate information, and constructing input data of a deep learning model of geographical perception; inputting the fused data into a geographic perception deep learning model to perform ground object interpretation, and extracting spatial features by the model through a built-in geographic coordinate embedding layer to identify a cultivated land non-agrochemical target; post-processing is carried out on the interpretation result, the post-processing comprises morphological closed operation processing and grid-to-vector conversion processing, quality control is carried out by calculating a re-projection error index and an intersection-to-parallel ratio index, and a cultivated land non-agrochemical monitoring report is generated.

The utility model discloses a leveling device of a cultivator, belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation machinery, and solves the problems that the leveling device of the existing cultivator is in rigid connection, the height of the leveling device can change along with the change of the walking height of the cultivator, and an ideal effect cannot be achieved. The leveling device comprises a leveling pipe, wherein the leveling pipe is connected with a frame of the cultivator through a height adjusting assembly; the height adjusting assembly comprises a first linear driver, a lifting frame and a flexible connecting piece, one end of the lifting frame is connected with the frame in a hinged mode, one end of the first linear driver is connected with the frame in a hinged mode, the other end of the first linear driver is connected with the other end of the lifting frame in a hinged mode, and the leveling pipe is movably connected with the lifting frame through the flexible connecting piece. The flat dragging device is flexibly connected with the cultivator, when the flat dragging device is used, the flat dragging device is not changed along with the walking height change of the cultivator, partial uneven positions are intervened according to the horizontal plane of a paddy field, then the flat dragging effect is improved, and the flat dragging device is more convenient to use.

The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling nitrogen and phosphorus loss of sandy and dry cultivated land based on EICP root reinforcement and relates to the field of soil ecological protection and agricultural pollution prevention and control. According to the method, a three-dimensional prevention and control system is formed from the two dimensions of surface layer film covering protection and deep root system soil fixation through the synergistic effect of EICP film covering and local plant root system three-dimensional reinforcement, wind erosion and water erosion are effectively resisted, the soil nitrogen and phosphorus loss rate of the large-gradient sandy and dry cultivated land is remarkably reduced, and meanwhile the soil desertification process is slowed down; the EICP film covering layer has good water permeability and moisture retention, nitrogen and phosphorus loss can be prevented, rainfall infiltration and soil moisture conservation can be guaranteed, and the germination rate and the growth speed of crops are increased; according to the method, local crop root system reinforcement is selected, the original planting structure is not disturbed, the economic benefit of cultivated land yield per mu is guaranteed, a harmless means of combining microorganisms, geotechnical engineering and agricultural planting is adopted, external pollution sources are not introduced, original basic characteristics of soil are not damaged, and the requirement for ecological protection of the Yellow River basin is met.

The invention discloses a cultivator with adjustable cultivation width, which relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation and comprises a cultivator body, a driving wheel mounted at the bottom of the cultivator body and a soil turning mechanism mounted at the rear end of the cultivator body and capable of performing local cultivation operation. The traction rod is installed in front of the soil turning mechanism and used for sensing topographic changes to adjust the local ploughing operation width in a self-adaptive mode, and a soil collecting mechanism is arranged behind the soil turning mechanism and used for collecting and compacting ploughed soil in real time and conveying the soil to the outer side of the belt-shaped rotation belt in sequence to build ridges on site. Local no-tillage is achieved through the asymmetrically-arranged cutters, obstacles can be avoided according to the terrain trend in the ploughing process, the amplitude of a no-tillage area is adjusted in real time, excessive ploughing is avoided, ridges can be built in situ through the soil collecting mechanism in the ploughing process, preliminary effective protection is formed, and soil loss on the surface of a terraced field is avoided; integrated operation of ploughing and ridging is achieved, and the working procedure of terraced field building or farmland arrangement is simplified.

The invention discloses a method for improving the quality of cultivated land through mixed sowing of perennial beans, grasses and forage grass. The method comprises the steps that deep ploughing and soil turning are conducted, land leveling is conducted, and organic fertilizer is applied to serve as base fertilizer; the method comprises the following steps: determining a mixing ratio of leguminous forage grass to gramineous forage grass of 3: 7-1: 1, and carrying out mixing pretreatment on the two forage grass seeds, namely preparing a nano titanium dioxide solution containing various nutrients and trace elements, screening stress-resistant domesticated rhizobium, disinfecting, soaking, coating and the like; reasonably topdressing in the forage grass growth period; when the pasture grows to a specific stage, the pasture is cut for 2-3 times every year; after 3-5 years of continuous utilization, crop rotation is carried out, and deep ploughing and fertilization are carried out again. According to the seed mixing pretreatment mode, the operation process is simplified, the cost is reduced, balanced nutrition supply is guaranteed, synchronous germination of seeds and coordinated growth of seedlings are promoted, and the fertilizer utilization rate is increased. The screened adversity-resistant domesticated rhizobium enhances the stress resistance of mixed sowing grassland, improves the yield and quality of alfalfa, and further improves the overall quality of mixed sowing pasture.

The invention provides a farmland fallow remote sensing mapping method and system based on annual farmland boundary change, and belongs to the technical field of remote sensing data processing. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a time sequence land utilization / coverage LUCC data set of a research area, analyzing the change of land utilization types of a farmland unit in a plurality of years adjacent to a current year according to each farmland unit in the current year in combination with a preset cultivated land fallow rule, and further judging whether the farmland unit belongs to fallow farmland or not; according to the scheme, the defects that a farmland range of a certain year is taken as a fixed range and expansion and contraction of the farmland are not considered in the traditional remote sensing mapping of farmland fallow are avoided, and the change of land utilization types of years adjacent to the current year is analyzed by using a time sequence LUCC data set, so that the farmland boundary range is changed along with the difference of years, and the field fallow accuracy is improved. And the accuracy of farmland and fallow land identification and drawing is improved.

The ploughing and soil turning machine comprises a mounting cavity, a first mounting plate is rotatably mounted at the top of the mounting cavity, a plurality of ultrasonic detectors are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the first mounting plate, and two ploughs are movably mounted in an inner cavity of the mounting cavity; the cleaning mechanism is used for cleaning stones in the soil; the cleaning mechanism comprises a first sliding rod, the first sliding rod is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the mounting cavity, a first connecting block is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the first sliding rod, a third electric telescopic rod is fixedly mounted at the top of the first connecting block, and the output end of the third electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a second connecting block and a fourth electric telescopic rod. The output end of a fourth electric telescopic rod extends and drives two limiting columns to slide on the inner surface of a limiting groove, the two buckets get close to each other to shovel soil blocks with stones, and under the combined action of a third electric telescopic rod and a second electric telescopic rod, the buckets move to the top of the leakage frame and release the soil blocks shoveled by the buckets into an inner cavity of the leakage frame.

An agricultural and pastoral multifunctional combined suspended type double-arm lifting farming mechanism is characterized in that a pair of end beam rails is arranged at the upper ends of longitudinal beams on the two sides of a ground main frame body, and a pair of transverse girders is transversely arranged above the pair of end beam rails; a pair of guide frames are arranged between the two ends of the pair of transverse girders respectively, a set of lifting frames are arranged in the set of frame-shaped frame bodies respectively, and an electric mechanism, an agricultural machine mechanism, a forestry production mechanism and a breeding mechanism are arranged at the lower end between the pair of lifting frames; an accumulator jar group, a control box, a remote controller or a mobile phone are arranged on one side of the bottom of the control room; according to the agricultural and pastoral multifunctional combined suspended type double-arm lifting farming mechanism, through suspended farming, the agricultural and pastoral multifunctional combined suspended type double-arm lifting farming mechanism is used in fields of concentrated ecological chain farming, between fruit trees in economic forests and between breeding houses for livestock breeding, the investment cost of agricultural and pastoral production equipment is greatly reduced, and the economic benefits of agricultural and pastoral production are increased.

This invention discloses an agricultural tillage and soil-turning machine, relating to the field of agricultural machinery technology. The machine includes a fixed plate and tillage blades. A power shaft driven by a motor is rotatably connected inside the fixed plate. A mounting base is fixedly connected to the outside of the power shaft, and a mounting cylinder is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting base. A hydraulic chamber is driven to the outside of the power shaft. A movable block is connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber via an elastic telescopic plate. An arc-shaped rod is slidably connected to the side of the hydraulic chamber. By increasing the rotational speed of the power shaft, and in conjunction with the hydraulic chamber, elastic telescopic plate, movable block, arc-shaped rod, hydraulic chamber, force-bearing rod, transmission rod, spring, spring, limiting block, and limiting groove, this agricultural tillage and soil-turning machine can improve tillage efficiency while maintaining the stability of the tillage blades during use, thereby enhancing the tillage effect of the device under these conditions.

The application discloses a method and related equipment for reconstructing a canal system based on farmland irrigation capacity, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring various water source data, canal network data and farmland plot data of a target area; constructing a weighted directed graph based on the various water source data, canal network data and farmland plot data; calculating the network reachability, water supply adequacy and water demand pressure reciprocal of each farmland plot according to the weighted directed graph, and then calculating the comprehensive irrigation capacity index of each farmland plot; determining a farmland plot to be reconstructed based on the comprehensive irrigation capacity index of each farmland plot; and solving a preset planning model with the minimum total reconstruction cost as the target based on the farmland plot to be reconstructed and the comprehensive irrigation capacity index of the farmland plot to be reconstructed, so as to obtain a canal system reconstruction scheme. The application can realize quantitative trade-off between irrigation benefits and investment costs, thereby maximizing the overall improvement benefits of the irrigation system under the limitation of the investment cost budget, and can be widely applied to the field of agricultural water conservancy technology.

The utility model provides a rotary cultivator convenient to adjust, which comprises a tractor and a bottom plate arranged below the rear end of the tractor, a bottom frame is arranged above the bottom plate, two sides of the upper surface of the bottom frame close to the tail end are respectively provided with a bearing seat used for fixing a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is provided with a side plate, and the other end of the transmission shaft is provided with a side plate. A side transmission box is mounted at the other end of the transmission shaft; rotary tillage rake teeth are installed between the side plate and the side transmission box, a second chain wheel is installed in the center of the transmission shaft, and the second chain wheel is in transmission connection with a first chain wheel located on the outer side of the clutch box through a first chain. According to the rotary cultivator, an installation structure different from a traditional rotary cultivator is adopted, the rotary cultivator can be installed on a small tractor under the condition that the functions of the tractor are not changed without being limited by a connector needed for installation of the traditional rotary cultivator, the rotary cultivator is suitable for mountainous regions, hills and the like, and the original tractor can be used for ploughing during farming; in slack seasons, a carriage can be hung to carry goods, and the burden of farmers is further reduced.

The invention relates to a profiling two-section subsoiler for hilly and mountainous areas, and belongs to the field of agricultural mechanical equipment. The deep scarification device comprises a three-point suspension device, a first-stage profiling device, a second-stage profiling device, a first-stage deep scarification device, a second-stage deep scarification device, a rear soil crushing device, a rack and a stop dog, the first-stage deep scarification device is located at the front end of the rack, the second-stage deep scarification device is located behind the first-stage deep scarification device, the soil penetrating depth of the first-stage deep scarification device is small, and the soil penetrating depth of the second-stage deep scarification device is small. The secondary deep scarification device is deep in soil, the primary deep scarification device and the secondary deep scarification device are matched to complete deep scarification operation of cultivated land, the primary deep scarification device is installed on the primary profiling device, the secondary deep scarification device is installed on the secondary profiling device, the rear soil crushing device crushes deep scarified soil, and follow-up cultivation operation is facilitated. The subsoiler solves the problems of low terrain flatness of cultivated land in mountainous areas and hills, low operation matching horsepower of the subsoiler, large subsoiling operation resistance, poor effect and difficulty in breaking a plow pan, so that the subsoiling operation of the cultivated land in the hilly areas is efficient and rapid.

The invention discloses a method for detecting and tracking an engineering vehicle in a farmland in a sheltered environment, and relates to the technical field of computer vision and cultivated land protection, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting and marking image data of the farmland engineering vehicle under different sheltering degrees, constructing a training set, a verification set and a test set, and improving and training a YOLOv8 model, constructing a high-precision engineering vehicle detection model, and constructing a data set preparation and model training module; s2, acquiring a farmland monitoring video stream in real time by using a high-definition camera, processing a video frame by using the improved YOLOv8 model trained in the step S1, outputting an engineering vehicle target detection frame with confidence, and constructing a video stream input and target detection module; according to the method for detecting and tracking the engineering vehicle in the farmland in the sheltered environment, the BiFPN and CBAM modules are introduced, so that the feature extraction capability of the model on sheltered and small-target engineering vehicles is remarkably enhanced, and the detection precision (mAP at 0.5) is improved to 87% or above in a sheltered scene.

The invention provides a cultivated land quality dynamic monitoring and precise fertilization regulation and control method based on the Internet of Things, and the method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, collecting soil physical and chemical data in real time through sensor nodes deployed in a field, periodically obtaining crop growth data through an unmanned plane remote sensing platform, carrying out the preprocessing and time-space fusion of multi-source data, and carrying out the real-time monitoring of the cultivated land quality; forming a unified data set; thirdly, constructing a cultivated land quality evaluation model based on machine learning, and generating a cultivated land quality index spatial distribution map; introducing a crop growth model, a target yield and meteorological data, performing fertilization partitioning and nutrient demand calculation through a decision engine, and finally generating a precise fertilization prescription map; and finally, driving a variable fertilization mechanism equipped with a positioning system, and executing variable fertilization operation according to the prescription map. Dynamic perception, accurate evaluation and intelligent regulation and control of the cultivated land quality are achieved, and the cultivated land resource utilization efficiency and the fertilizer and water management level are effectively improved.