270 results about "Pesticide pollution" patented technology

The invention relates to a system for intelligently monitoring and controlling crop pests and diseases. The system is characterized by comprising a monitoring computer and a pesticide spraying device which is arranged in a crop growing place, wherein the monitoring computer drives the pesticide spraying device which is connected with the monitoring computer; a time controller and a pesticide spraying selective driving module are arranged in the monitoring computer; and the time controller controls and starts a corresponding spray head of the pesticide spraying device through the pesticide spraying selective driving module. The system has the following advantages that: 1, intelligentization is realized, the degree of automation is high, the control modes are diversified, the control is performed in time, and the using effect is good; 2, the solar energy is used as a power supply of monitoring equipment, so that the energy-saving effect is good; 3, the monitoring equipment not only can automatically control the water supply or the pesticide spraying of cultivated crops, but also has a multi-aspect management and control ability of controlling pests and diseases of the crops in different areas of the same place; and 4, the health condition of the crops is monitored in real time by using a monitoring probe, so that the crop pests and diseases are pre-warned in time and are controlled appropriately. Therefore, the system is not only favorable for ensuring the growth of the crops and the production bumper harvest of agriculture, forestry and tea industry, but also can greatly reduce medicament waste and pesticide pollution.

The invention discloses a drip irrigation dry-farming planting method under a rice direct seeding film, which belongs to a crop planting agriculture method. A timely seeding operation is carried out after the preparation before seeding is finished; the seeding operation is as follows: the operations of drip irrigation zone paving, film covering, punching, hole seeding and soil covering on a hole are accomplished by one time by a drip irrigation tube-paving film-paving fine seeder under the film; the drip irrigation zone is arranged on the lower surface of a plastic film and is connected with a water-carriage system; and timely and proper water dripping and fertilizing are carried out according to the growing demand of the crops. The drip irrigation dry farming planting method can be applied to save water by 60 to 70 percent, save the fertilizers by 30 percent, have high degree of mechanization, save labor, reduce the field management and reduce the pesticide pollution.

The invention provides a biocontrol bacterial strain for preventing and treating plant diseases and its bacterial agent, belonging to the field of biological control. The strains used are Gram-negative bacteria, identified as Lysobacter enzymogenes, and the strain code is OH11. Strain OH11 has no flagella but has slippage, can produce various extracellular hydrolytic enzymes including chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase and protease, and can effectively inhibit the growth of fungi and bacteria. The antibacterial zone diameters of strain OH11 against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Phytophthora capsici were both greater than 22.0 mm; the antagonism against potato ring rot was stronger, and the diameter of the inhibition zone reached 50 mm. The OH11 strain was inoculated into the seed tank, cultivated to the logarithmic growth phase, and the seed liquid was connected to the production tank for cultivation. The medium used in the production tank was the same as that of the seed tank. The liquid fermentation adopts aerobic submerged fermentation and fed-batch process, the dissolved oxygen is 15%-20%, the fermentation temperature is 30°C, the fermentation time is 72h, and the initial pH value is 7.5. After the fermentation is completed, the culture solution is taken out of the tank and directly packed into liquid dosage forms with plastic packaging barrels or packaging bottles, or subpackaged into solid dosage forms with peat adsorption packaging bags. The biocontrol strain OH11 can effectively control plant pathogenic fungi, bacteria, nematodes and other diseases, and the overall control effect is 50%-70%. In the greenhouse pot experiment, the control effects of OH11 on pepper blight and tomato bacterial wilt reached 83.6% and 86.4%, respectively. Strain OH11 has the characteristics of broad antibacterial spectrum, high activity, and environmental safety. In today's serious pesticide pollution, zymolysobacterium and its bacterial agent will be a good substitute.

The invention discloses a method for preparing mulberry leaf tea. The method comprises the following processing steps that: 1, mulberry leaf picking; 2, air-drying and withering; 3, rotating; 4, desiccating at high temperature; 5, spreading for cooling; 6, secondary desiccation at high temperature; 7, rolling; 8, initial drying; 9, winnowing; 10, chopping; and 11, baking. The invention provides the method for preparing mulberry leaf tea without physical and chemical pollution of plant diseases and insect pests, mud, faecal pollution of birds and insects, pesticide pollution, air pollution and the like.

The invention relates to a method for breeding adult crabs in rice fields. In the method, a rice, one-year crab species and soybean triune three-dimensional ecological planting and breeding model is adopted. The method has the following advantages that: the method is a new planting and breeding technology which improves the rice and crab symbiosis entironment and realizes pollution-free and eutrophicating rice and crab products by utilizing the mutual control and mutual promotion effects of the biological chains formed among such living beings as rice, pests, river crabs and the like according to organic combination of growth regularity of rice and the living beings; space, land resources and water resources are reasonably utilized and three-dimensional production of the rice fields is realized; and the regulation behavior of the natural ecosystem is simulated in the artificial ecosystem, diseases, pests and weeds in the rice fields are controlled by breeding crabs in the rice fields, ecological equilibrium is promoted and pesticide pollution is controlled, the rice yield can be increased, the agriculture cost can be lowered, increase of income of the farmers can be realized and the resource-conserving and environment-friendly ecological agriculture capable of realizing sustainable development is realized.

The invention provides a method for propagating Aphidius gifuensis by pea aphids. The method provided by the invention utilizes two facilities including a seedling culture big shed and a field small shed and takes broad beans and peas as host plants for propagating aphids; the method takes the pea aphids as host aphids for propagating Aphidius gifuensis and then the propagated Aphidius gifuensis are released to a large-scale tobacco field to kill the aphids on tobacco leaves. The method selects the broad bean seeds and the pea seeds and then tender green bean plants are cultivated in a big greenhouse or the small shed built in the fields; the pea aphids are inoculated on the bean plants and then the pea aphids are propagated; then the Aphidius gifuensis is inoculated on the tender bean plants which is propagated with a lot of pea aphids and then the Aphidius gifuensis is propagated. Then a lot of propagated Aphidius gifuensis are released into the large-scale tobacco field to kill theaphids on tobacco leaves. Finally, the aim of biologically preventing and treating aphids is realized and the pesticide pollution caused by preventing the aphids is avoided.

The invention pertains to the technical field of biologic degrading for chemical pesticide, and relates to a bacterial strain that can efficiently degrade Pyrethroid, Organophosphorus and vermectins pesticides and the application of the bacterial strain. The bacterial strain is an Acinetobacter sp. JCX22D bacterial strain, the biologic fature of the bacterial strain is Gram's negative, free from flagella, in form of short rod, is of esterase and lipase activity, free from oxidase activity, and can take use glucose and fructose. The bacterial strain is resistant to Ampicillin and low-concentration Spectinomycin and nalectin, and not resistant to rifamide. The degrading efficiency of the bacterial straine is more than 72% for high-efficiency cypermethrin, cyhalothrin, decamethrim, bifenthrin pesticid, is more than 70% for diazinon, parathion-methyl, phoxime and chlorpyrifos, and is 90% for vermectins. The bacterial strain can be used for biologically degrading above pesticides, and biologically recovering or cleaning any water body, soil and agricultural products that are polluted by pesticides.

A method for producing a fruit breeding bag paper with high water resistance. The method comprises steps of: preparation of water repellent agent, preparation of wet strength agent, beating, slurry blending, formation through a net part, squeezing and dehydration, drying, reeling and cutting and winding. The method of the invention uses waste paper pulp as a main fibrous raw material and uses the self-made water repellent agent; the produced fruit breeding bag paper has good water resistance, water resistant endurance and high breathability; the method has advantages of simple production process and low cost, and solves problems of domestic fruit breeding bag paper, such as substandard production technology for the opposite technological indexes of breathability and water resistance and subsequent higher and lower of the two technological indexes. The method of the invention can be applied to production of fruit breeding bag paper, which can satisfy growth demand of fruits, prevent pesticide pollution and erosion by wind and rain, and improve surface color of the fruits.

The invention relates to a control technology specially used for preventing and controlling important forest pest bursaphelenchus xylophilus (monochamus alternatus), namely a microcapsule powder agent or a microcapsule suspending agent prepared by a highly-efficient, harmfulless and less-persistent neonicotinoid insecticide thiacloprid sustained-release preparation and assisted by a high-adhesionadhesive is adopted for prevention and control. The technology adopts an innocuous and degradable carrier as shell materials, is safe to environment, has excellent durable effect and solves the greatproblems of bursaphelenchus xylophilus prevention and control and chemical pesticide pollution.

The invention discloses a pest-resistant rainproof shed. A plurality of reinforced concrete upright columns are fixed on the ground in a matrix arrangement mode; longitudinal beams are fixed at upper ends of the reinforced concrete upright columns along transverse rows and longitudinal rows, and form a latticed frame structure with the upper ends of the reinforced concrete upright columns; two ends of arc arch bars of which the middles are upwards protruded are vertically fixed on the longitudinal beams of two adjacent longitudinal rows respectively; the arch bars are in the matrix arrangement mode at uniform intervals; a plurality of top draw bars are fixedly connected with top ends of the arch bars of the longitudinal rows in turn; a pest-resistant net is fixedly covered on the outer side except the ground of the frame structure which consists of the reinforced concrete upright columns, the longitudinal beams, the arch bars and the top draw bars; a plurality of elongated top films are fixedly covered on upper sides of the middle sections of the arch bars of the longitudinal rows at set intervals; and the ground under the intervals is provided with a drainage channel which corresponds to the intervals. The pest-resistant rainproof shed has low construction cost, large space, high storm resistance, high vegetable yield and quality and light pesticide pollution, and can be a high efficiency facility with double purposes of a net house and a greenhouse, and a land multi-cropping index is improved.

The invention relates to a multielement biological fertilizer and a method for making the same. The multielement biological fertilizer adopts garbage as a main raw material, utilizes multifactorial activity bio-fungus and adopts hair, pig hair, chicken feather, cow hair, sheep water chestnut and humus, thereby changing the waste into the valuable and providing the multielement biological fertilizer which does not have toxic and side effects or pollute the environment and has great fertilizer effect and constancy and stability. Compared with the fertilizer, the multielement biological fertilizer which is made from functional bacteria in the soil has evident ecological benefits such as changing the quality, loosening the soil and protecting the ecological environment. The multielement biological fertilizer does not have pollution and rapidly removes the pollution of the soil to the crops, thereby eliminating the harm of the chemical fertilizer and the farm chemical pollution to the crops. The multielement biological fertilizer is widely suitable for the crops such as rice, wheat, soy bean, corn, sorghum, orange, banana, tea, vegetables, watermelon, sweet potato, drug ingredients and flowers.

The invention discloses a soil conditioner for degrading pesticides in soil with microorganisms. The soil conditioner is prepared from, by mass, 100-200 parts of organic fermented manure, 3-5 parts of trace fertilizer, 2-5 parts of bentonite, 5-7 parts of phosphate rock powder, 3-5 parts of amino acid and 0.1-1 part of microbial flora, wherein the microbial flora is composed of pseudomonas fluorescens, rhodopseudomonas palustris, alcaligenes faecalis, pseudomonas putida, bacillus licheniformis, spherical lysine bacillus, bacillus subtilis and bacillus cereus. The soil conditioner is prepared by compounding various microbial strains, the organic fermented manure, the trace fertilizer, amino acid, the bentonite and the phosphate rock powder, and can degrade the chemical pesticides in the soil, such as organic phosphorus pesticides, heterocyclic pesticides, phenol pesticides and aromatic pesticides, and remedy the pesticide-contaminated soil.

The invention discloses a growing method of green selenium-rich nutrient paddy rice. A biological organic selenium-rich ecological fertilizer is uniformly applied to a field once during the ploughing before paddy rice is planted, and produced unhusked rice is processed into green nutrient rice rich in selenium of 0.16-0.22mg/kg. The method disclosed by the invention is convenient to operate; the prepared fertilizer production technology is simple and easy to implement, and the time and the labor are saved; by adopting the fertilizer, the photosynthesis of the paddy rice can be enhanced, the paddy rice resists drought as well as diseases and insect pests, the output and the quality are improved, and the produced rice is green and environment-friendly without any hormone, chemosynthetic growth hormone or pesticide pollution; and moreover, the rice supplements the selenium, and has rich nutrition and when the rice is eaten for a long time, the health is can promoted and the life of people is prolonged.

The invention relates to a grain wine brewing process comprising the steps of (1) preparing a starter; (2) selecting raw materials which are full in grain and free of impurities, mildew and rot, moth-eating and pesticide pollution, cleaning, drying, crushing and sieving by using a 30-80-mesh sieve, wherein the raw materials include sorghum, wheat, rice, glutinous rice and corns; (3) soaking the raw materials in water until the raw materials are saturated, then, cleaning, next, cooking the raw materials and cooling; (4) crushing the starter, adding the crushed starter and the raw materials cooled in the step (3) into a fermentation boiler for fermenting in a sealing way; and (5) collecting a fermentation liquid, and distilling by using a steam boiler to obtain a drinkable grain wine. The grain wine prepared by using the process is healthy and good in taste; and in addition, the process is clean, sanitary and capable of reducing labor and increasing the productivity and the wine yield.

The invention discloses a method for producing green selenium-enriched high-calcium nutritious rice. According to the method, biological organic selenium-enriched high-calcium ecological fertilizer is uniformly spread over fields at a time when the field is ploughed and before the rice is transplanted, and the green nutritious rice obtained by processing the paddy produced by the method richly contains organic selenium of 0.16 to 0.22mg/kg and organic calcium of 230 to 350mg/kg respectively. The method is easy to implement, the production process of the prepared fertilizer is simple and easily implemented, the time and labor are saved, and the paddy rice applied by the fertilizer has strengthened photosynthesis, is resistant to drought, diseases and insects and is also high in yield and quality; and the rice produced by the method is green and pollution free, does not contain any hormone and chemically synthesized somatotropin, is free of pesticide pollution and replenishes selenium and calcium. The rice produced by the method is rich in nutrition, so people regularly taking the rice are healthier and have long life.

The invention discloses a bactericide for preventing and curing crop bacterial diseasess as well as a preparation method and application thereof. In the preparation method, oligosaccharide is added into bdellovibrio bacteriovorus solution to be evenly mixed to obtain the bactericide for preventing and curing crop bacterial diseasess. The invention applies bdellovibrio bacteriovorus solution for preventing and curing crop bacterial diseases for the first time, fills the vacancy of researching and developing bdellovibrio bacteriovorus at home and abroad and adds new species for biopesticide. Asbdellovibrio bacteriovorus has the characteristics of broad cracking pattern and quick growth and has the outstanding capability of eliminating various pathogenicbacteria and bacteria, after combinedwith oligosaccharide, the bdellovibrio bacteriovorus strengthens crop resistance, greatly improves pesticide effect and enlarges the preventing and curing spectrum of bacterial diseases. The bactericide prepared by the invention has no toxicity or pollution, is safe to natural enemies of crop diseases and pests, pathogenic bacteria have small possibility of producing resistance, so that the invention overcomes 3R problems brought by abusing antibiotics and avoids the defects of serious chemical pesticide pollution and ecological balance damage at present.

The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests by intercropping of vegetables, and belongs to the field of modern pollution-free agricultural prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests. Green onion and leaf vegetable are intercropped, a planting mode of 20 centimeters with a field is adopted, the green onion is planted in 5 rows and the row distance is 3 centimeters, the leaf vegetable is plant in 1 row and the row distance is 5 centimeters, 5 rows of green onion is planted with the seedling density per mu of 4,800 plants, then 1 row of leaf vegetable is planted, and the green onion and the leaf vegetable grow at intervals; the plant diseases and the insect pests can be controlled by using the growth habit difference of the green onion and the leaf vegetable and the strong pungent smell of the green onion; and the plant diseases and the insect pests of the green onion are original little, and the eggs of the plant diseases and the insect pests of the green onion planted field are relatively little, so the prodenia litura fabricius of the leaf vegetable is reduced by over 30 percent, the cabbage worm is reduced by 20 percent, the soft rot disease of the leaf vegetable is reduced by 18 percent, the downy mildew is reduced by 12 percent, and the generation of other plant diseases and insect pests of various leaf vegetables is also lightened obviously; therefore, the prevention and control effect which is better than that of pesticide application is achieved without applying pesticide. The pesticide pollution can be reduced, the agricultural insecticidal cost is lowered, the yield is improved, and the effects of greenness, safety and health are completely achieved.

The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation and particularly discloses a quick induction and identification method for reddish brown iron films on plant root surfaces. The method comprises the steps that according to the characteristics of different growth media, a specific method is selected to adjust the phosphorus-to-iron ratio of the growth media, so that the iron films are induced to form on the plant root surfaces quickly. The method overcomes the defects that in the prior art, time for inducing the iron films is long, and the induced iron films are small in content; the method plays a very important role in repairing aquatic plants in agricultural production or preventing pollution by heavy metal and organic pesticide and ensuring food safety. The invention further creatively provides the quick identification method for the reddish brown iron films on the plant root surfaces. The method is ingenious in thought and easy to implement and has great significance in discussion about the iron films on the root surfaces and research of the iron films on plant self-protection or environmental safety and other aspects.

The invention discloses a moveable chemical mixer. The chemical mixer comprises a drug bag, a shrinkage section, an expansion section, a leaking screen and a spiral organ; the spiral shrinkage section is in threaded connection with the expansion section, and the leaking screen is adaptively connected with the shrinkage section and the expansion section; the spiral organ is arranged in the expansion section and in threaded connection with the expansion section; both ends of the drug bag are in threaded connection with the shrinkage section and the expansion section. By adopting the chemical mixer, pesticide is integrated to the mixer, so that the online mixing is realized, the mechanical structure is simplified, flowing path of the pesticide is greatly reduced, pesticide pollution to agricultural implements are reduced, and environment is protected; besides, the mixing efficiency of the chemical mixer is improved.

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a high-temperature sterilization soil-disinfesting machine for killing bacteria and insects in soil. The high-temperature sterilization soil-disinfesting machine comprises a box with a bottom opening, and a flame torch disposed on the box. The high-temperature sterilization soil-disinfesting machine is characterized in that a balance soil scraper is arranged at the bottom of the box, a soil inlet is arranged on a front wall board of the box above the balance soil scraper, a soil-taking roller is disposed inside the box at the rear of the balance soil scraper, the soil-taking roller is rotatably disposed on the side wall of the box through bearings at two ends, an axis of the soil-taking roller is parallel to the balance soil scraper, and soil cutters are evenly and circularly arranged on the soil-taking roller, the soil-taking roller is in drive connection with a power mechanism through a drive device, and the flame torch inside the box is disposed above the soil-taking roller. The high-temperature sterilization soil-disinfesting machine is capable of turning up soil about 25cm in thickness and sterilizing and disinfesting the soil by the flame torch, thereby thoroughly eliminating harmful bacteria and insects in the soil and avoiding pesticide pollution. The high-temperature sterilization soil-disinfesting machine is simple in structure, convenient to operate and low in overall weight, and flame jet is high in temperature. The high-temperature sterilization soil-disinfesting machine bakes the soil twice instantly and has the fine effect of efficiently killing the bacteria and insects in the soil.

The invention discloses an insecticide d-phenothrin degradation strain, as well as a microbial agent and a degradation process thereof. The strain is Pseudomonas fulva strain P31, and is preserved inChina Centre for Type Culture Collection on May 12th, 2017, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M2017256. The strain and the microbial agent thereof have a very good degradation effect on a plurality of pyrethriods pesticides, particularly on d-phenothrin; the degradation rate of the strain and the microbial agent of the strain to 50mg/L d-phenothrin reaches 86.4 percent within 48 hours, andthe 50mg/L d-phenothrin can be completely degraded within 72 hours; the residual amount of the d-phenothrin in a water body or soil can be reduced by 77 percent or above within a short time by directly applying the microbial agent; the microbial agent can be used for repairing environments, such as the water body and the soil which are polluted by the pyrethriods pesticides; the problems that residue of pesticides exceeds a standard and causes environmental pollution in agricultural production are solved; non-toxic pollution-free green agricultural products are produced.