Breeding method for early-maturing and disease-resistant broccoli

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method for early-maturing and disease-resistant broccoli, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. Buds, suitable for microspore breeding, between the mid-late uninucleate stage and the dicaryon early stage of broccoli and cauliflower breeding materials are utilized for microspore breeding, a lot of regeneration plants are created, the excellent DH plants are screened out for selfing, DH strains stable in botanical character, good in combining ability and large in pollen quantity are obtained, and artificial emasculation is performed at the flowering phase to prepare first-filial generation seeds F1; after generation adding treatment is performed on the seeds F1, excellent single plants with the botanical character similar to that of the broccoli are selected for selfing at the bud stage to obtain F2, then through generation adding and three-generation continuous selfing at the bud stage, excellent and stable selfing incompatible strains 15-12-7-8-1 and 12-11-9-2-1 are selectively bred, and then the early-maturing and disease-resistant broccoli is obtained through hybridization. By the adoption of the selfing incompatible strains for hybridization, the character of the reciprocal cross plants is uniform, and the yield of the production seeds is increased by above 50% compared with that of sterile line production seeds.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a breeding method for plants, in particular to a breeding method for early-maturing and disease-resistant broccoli, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. Background technique [0002] Broccoli is a variety of Brassica Brassica Brassica, a biennial herb, evolved from cabbage and native to the Mediterranean region. Broccoli forms a green and plump flower ball at the top of the main stem, and the small flower buds on the surface are obvious. The tender stems of the flower buds are collected for food, because they are rich in vitamins A, B, C, E, protein, anthocyanins, minerals, etc. Nutrients have anti-cancer and anti-cancer effects. Broccoli has strong heterosis, and most of the excellent varieties in production are first-generation hybrid varieties. At present, there are mainly two ways to produce the first generation of hybrids, that is, to use male sterile lines or self-incompatible lines to prepare hybrid...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The cytoplasmic male sterile line is used for seed production, the sterile plant rate and sterility degree are both 100%, and the hybridization rate is 100%. However, due to environmental conditions, there will be abnormalities in the development of flower organs between years.

However, when using self-incompatible lines to prepare hybrids, although it takes a certain amount of manpower to reproduce the parents (through artificial pollination at the bud stage), the cost will increase, but if the self-incompatible lines are used for breeding, if the reciprocal offspring plants show Consistently, the yield of breeding seeds will be greatly increased compared with the yield of male sterile lines, which will reduce the cost of breeding on the contrary, which has positive significance for the promotion of new varieties

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