435results about How to "Shorten the breeding period" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for creating fragrant rice by knocking out a BADH2 (betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase) gene by utilizing a CRISPR/Cas9 system, belongs to the technical field of rice breeding, and relates to a method for creating fragrant rice by applying the rice betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) gene. According to the method, in the fragrant rice, the function of the BADH2 (betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase) gene is lost, so that a chemical substance of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP) is accumulated so as to generate the fragrance, and a sgRNA guide sequence adopted by the CRISPR/Cas9 system is any one of the sequences which are as as shown in the SEQ ID NO.2 or the SEQ ID NO.3 in the figure 1 in the specification. The method has the advantages that the BADH2 (betaine aldehydedehydrogenase) gene can be successfully knocked out, so that the fragrant rice can be quickly created; and the operation is simple, time and labor are saved, and the breeding life of the fragrant riceis shortened.

The invention belongs to the field of rape molecular breeding, and relates to preparation of specific molecular markers of related genes MINI3 and TTG2 of the brassica napus grain weight. Double haploid colony (DH) is constructed with brassica napus I A 254 as a female parent and a brassica napus I A 177 as a male parent through hybridization, and the DH colony genotype and the thousand seed weight data are analyzed to obtain a QTLs locus of grain weight character. The MINI3 and the TTG2 genes of the IA254 and the IA177 are cloned by using a homology based candidate gene method, specific molecular markers MINI3a and TTG2a of the MINI3 and the TTG2 genes are designed according to sequence different locuses, and the molecular markers MINI3a and TTG2a are located on two grain weight QTLs locus of an A5 linkage colony for related verification and application, which proves that the molecular marker prepared by the invention is a novel genetic marker. The gene sequence is obtained firstly. The invention provides a novel marker for the molecular breeding of the brassica napus grain weight, and also provides useful information for candidate gene clone and marker auxiliary selection of thethousand seed weight character locuses of the brassica napus.

The invention discloses a system for identifying and evaluating seedling resistance of malus. A method thereof comprises the following steps: cultivating seedlings; transplanting the seedlings and performing aquiculture; performing stress treatment; surveying and classifying disaster condition; establishing an evaluating system, and the like. By using the method, the traditional land identification result is replaced by a seedling identification result, the identification period is greatly shortened, the land and the test cost are saved, the influence of external environment on the identification result is efficiently avoided, a technical system suitable for identifying and evaluating the resistance of the malus is supplied, and an important theoretic reference is supplied for standardizing the identifying and evaluating system for germ plasm resources of apples in China, ensuring the accuracy of the identification and evaluation result and the effectiveness of resource utilization. The method has stronger application potential in the aspects of screening the germ plasm resources of apples with strong resistance, cultivating resistive apples and researching the resistance mechanism of the malus.

The invention discloses a rice dwarf-related protein and a coding gene and application thereof. The protein is protein (a) or (b): protein (a) is formed by an amino acid sequence shown as a sequence 3 of a sequence list; and protein (b) is formed by substituting and/or lacking and/or adding one or more amino acids in the amino acid sequence shown as the sequence 3 of the sequence list, related to rice dwarf and derived from the protein (a). The invention also provides the gene for coding the protein and a recombinant expression vector containing the gene, a transgenic cell system or recombinant bacteria. The gene is utilized to breed rice with reduced strain height. The rice dwarf-related protein and the coding gene have extremely important values of shortening the breeding period, improving the breeding efficiency and enriching rice dwarf sources.

The invention belongs to the technical field of rape molecular marker preparation, and particularly relates to a molecular marker closely linked with the oil content QTL of cabbage type rape. The novel molecular marker OilA5 which is closely linked with the oil content QTL and can be used independently or/and used in combination is obtained through screening, and the nucleotide sequence of the molecular marker is shown in the sequence table SEQ ID NO:5 or 6. A primer pair OilA5-A and a primer pair OilA5-G for detecting the molecular marker OilA5 are constructed, and the nucleotide sequences of the primer pairs are shown in the sequence tables SEQ ID NO:1-4. The molecular marker can be applied to molecular marker auxiliary selection in cabbage type rape oil content character improvement and fine mapping and map-based cloning of oil content character sites.

The invention discloses a butterfly orchid breeding method. The butterfly orchid breeding method comprises hybridization pollination, seed culture, young seedling plantation, middle seedling plantation and large seedling plantation. In the fourth month after the hybridization pollination, pods can be harvested. In the fifth-sixth month after aseptic sowing, seedlings can be taken out of a culture bottle and can be planted. The seedlings are planted in a greenhouse. Through control of environment conditions, the seedlings can grow fast. The time from seedling planting to plant maturation is in a range of about 10-12 months. The time from flower forcing to novel breed selection is controlled in 70-100 days. The time of the whole breeding process is controlled in about 22-25 months. The butterfly orchid breeding method can control all processes of the whole breeding process and realizes fast selection of a novel breed.

The invention provides a breeding method for a multi-resistance flue-cured tobacco hybrid. The breeding method for the multi-resistance flue-cured tobacco hybrid comprises the steps of firstly using MSG28 as a female parent, using high-quality, widely applicable and blackleg-resistant varieties which are sensitive to TMV and weather fleck and are used for production as recurrent parents, performing eight generations of backcrossing to breed male sterile lines, using fertile materials which are resistant to blackleg and highly resistant to TMV and weather fleck as original resources, performing six generations of selfing purification to breed selfing pure lines with common or better curing characteristics, then using the bred male sterile lines as female parents and the selfing pure lines as male parents to breed hybrid combinations, respectively evaluating resistance to different diseases and economic performance by using land parcels or areas seriously attacked by different diseases and normal land parcels in producing areas, and finally performing 2-3 years of multi-point tests for quality and adaptability evaluation to the hybrid combinations which are simultaneously resistant to different diseases and have good economic performance. By adopting the method, the aggregation of multiple characters such as high quality, simultaneous resistance to foliage diseases and root and stalk diseases and good adaptability can be realized, the breeding efficiency is improved.

The invention provides a method for cultivating isolated microspore of cucumber, belonging to the field of biological technology. The method of the invention comprises the steps as follows: taking buds, identifying the development period of the microspore, pre-disposing, disinfecting the buds, isolating the microspore with an extrusion method by using B<5>-13 extracting solution, filtrating, centrifuging and purifying the microspore by cell screens with the size of 76mum, carrying out static dark cultivation at the temperature of 25 DEG C till the embryoid can be seen by naked eyes, forming cotyledonary embryoid by surging dark cultivation under the frequency of 60r/min<-1> subsequently, forming regenerated plants or rootless seedlings on MS-BA embryoid germination culture mediums, and finally gaining entire regenerated plants by inducing the roots on the rooting culture medium MS-IBA. The method of the invention can gain haploid or double haploid. The double haploid is good seedling raising material and can be used for the selection of new type or improvement of type, thus greatly shortening the seedling raising period and improving the selection efficiency; the double haploid is also ideal material for carrying out the molecular marking such as AFLP, RFLP, RAPD, and the like, the drawing and researching of genetic maps, the species evolution research, genetic analysis, plant gene cloning selection, etc.

The invention relates to a quick cultivation method of grafted sweet cherry seedlings and belongs to the field of plant cultivation. The method comprises steps as follows: collection and storage of variety scions; preparation of a cutting bed, cuttage and management after cuttage of rootstock, grafting of the scions and management of nursery stock after grafting. A greenhouse is adopted for special cultivation, grafting of the variety scions is performed in the second half of May, transplantation can be performed in the very year after leaf falling, the seedling raising time is greatly shortened, and the grafted sweet cherry seedlings are obtained quickly. With the adoption of the method, sweet cherries only take one growth season from rootstock seedlings to transplantation of the grafted variety scions, and cultivation time of the grafted sweet cherry seedlings is 1 year shorter than that of the seedlings cultivated with a conventional seedling raising method. The nursery stock can be transplanted after leaf falling in the early winter, the seedlings are 1.5-2.0 m high, the base of each seedling is 1.0-1.5 m thick, sprouts are plump, the germination rate is high, and the nursery stock is high in quality and strong. The seedling raising cost is greatly reduced due to the fact that the seedling raising time is shortened by 1 year.

The invention relates to a breeding and cultivating method for a plant, in particular relates to a breeding and cultivating method for loose purple cauliflowers, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. The breeding and cultivating method comprises the steps of hybridizing a loose purple cauliflower breeding material with a semi-compact purple cauliflower breeding material to obtain seeds F1, and selfing single strains with high comprehensive agronomic characters after the seeds F1 are sowed to obtain seeds F2; performing microspore culture on single loose purple cauliflowers through flower buds suitable for the microspore culture from the mononuclear edging stage to the double-core early stage to grow a large number of normal regenerated plants, selfing excellent DH plants of the loose purple cauliflowers to obtain a loose purple cauliflower excellent DH strain 03-12 serving as a recurrent parent which is hybridized with a cauliflower cytoplasmic male sterility source material CMS05-6, performing five generations of backcross transformation and selection to form a cytoplasmic male sterile line CMS08-2, and hybridizing the DH strain serving as a parent with the excellent cytoplasmic male sterile line CMS08-2.

The invention relates to fast identification of a powdery mildew resistance gene of carica papaya l, relating to subject knowledge including plant comparative genomics, genetics, bioinformatics and the like, belonging to the field of plant biotechnology sciences. Application of the invention mainly comprises the steps: 1) downloading complete genome sequence of the carica papaya l and acquiring MLO-type genes; 2) identifying the MLO-type genes; 3) researching phylogenetic relationships of the MLO-type genes; and 4) comparing MLO-type powdery mildew resistance genes. The invention has the advantages that discovery period of the powdery mildew resistance gene of the carica papaya l is effectively shortened, which assists in fast identification of the powdery mildew resistance gene; that identified candidate powdery mildew resistance genes are developed with corresponding co-segregation functional markers (SNP, SCAR, etc.), which can be used in fast auxiliary selection of molecular markers of the powdery mildew resistance gene with high accuracy; that other molecular markers of resistance genes can be combined to formulate multi-resistance breeding materials, which shortens breeding years and improves breeding yields; and that a foundation is laid to illustrate the powdery mildew resistance gene of the carica papaya l.

The invention relates to rapid identification of powdery mildew resistance Lotus corniculatus genes utilizing comparative genomics, relates to knowledge of subjects such as plant comparative genomics, genetics and bioinformatics, and belongs to the technical field of plant biotechnology. The rapid identification of powdery mildew resistance Lotus corniculatus genes utilizing the comparative genomics mainly includes the steps of firstly, downloading full genomic sequences of Lotus corniculatus and collecting MLO (mildew resistance locus o) genes; secondly, identifying the MLO genes; thirdly, identifying phylogenetic relationship of the MLO genes; and fourthly comparing the MLO powdery mildew resistance genes. By the rapid identification, mining cycle of the powdery mildew resistance genes is shortened, and the powdery mildew resistance genes can be identified quickly. Corresponding co-separation functional marks (SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism), Scar and the like) can be developed through candidate powdery mildew resistance genes identified, the rapid identification is also available for molecular marker-assisted selection of the powdery mildew resistance genes, and accuracy is high. The rapid identification can also be used with other molecular markers for resistance genes to create multiresistance breeding materials, and accordingly breeding period is shortened, breeding efficiency is improved, and basis for elaborating powdery mildew resistance Lotus corniculatus molecular mechanisms is laid.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly obtaining a large number of wheat double-haploid homozygous populations. According to the method, based on a wheat and corn double-haploid breeding technology, through the key links of wheat and corn sowing at different stages, haploid induction, transplantation and vernalization, reduplication and transplantation and winter sowing treatment, after wheat young embryos differentiate into haploid seedlings, transplantation, vernalization and haploid plant reduplication are completed in the same year without over-summer treatment, wheat double-haploid seeds can be harvested in the same year, the requirement for sowing once more can be met after the harvest on the perspective of time, a large number of stable new strains of the wheat homozygous populations can be obtained within one year, the requirement for identifying the new strains at the next stage is met, the natural environment is utilized to the maximum degree, and the time of wheat double-haploid breeding is shortened to one year from two to three years. In this way, the wheat breeding speed is increased, the breeding efficiency is improved, the breeding cycle is shortened, and the breeding cost is lowered.

The invention provides a Brassica napus annual multi-generation generation adding method. Four stages including seed pretreatment, transplanting and seedling management, flowering phase management and pod development period management are effectively controlled, and one-year three-cropping or four-cropping (ie, annual three-generation or four-generation generation adding) of the Brassica napus is realized, the seed breeding process is effectively accelerated, and the seed breeding year limit is shortened. The controllable greenhouse cultivation technology is adopted, so that the running around at different places are avoided, the time is saved, and manpower and material resources are saved. The Brassica napus annual multi-generation generation adding method is applied to backcross or cross breeding, and seed breeding of novel high-quality and high-yield disease-resistant varieties of Brassica napus can be accelerated.

The invention belongs to the technical field of rape molecular breeding and preparation of molecular markers, and particularly relates to preparation of a brassica napus L. grain weight major QTLs locus specific molecular marker. The marker can be used for auxiliary selection of molecular markers, fine positioning of grain weight trait loci and based cloning in the improvement on brassica napus L. grain weight traits. The marker is characterized in that double haploid (DH) is constructed by hybridizing brassica napus L. first A254 (large-grain pure line materials) as a female parent and brassica napus L. first A177 (small-grain pure line materials) as a male parent, and the molecular marker which is tightly linked with the grain weight major QTLs is obtained by analyzing DH group genotypes and thousand grain weight data and is named I0509 and J0609, and is relatively verified and applied. A new genetic marker is provided for molecular breeding of rape grain weight and also useful information is provided for fine positioning of thousand grain weight trait loci of the brassica napus L. and based cloning of relative genes.

The present invention is a method for rapidly identifying an orange MLO powdery mildew resistance gene, relating to plant comparative genomics, genetics, bioinformatics and other disciplines of knowledge, and belonging to the field of plant biotechnology science. The method in the invention mainly comprises the following steps of: 1) download of an orange full genome sequence and collection of an MLO gene; 2) identification of the MLO gene; 3) identification of a candidate MLO powdery mildew gene through phylogenetic relationship of the MLO gene; and 4) comparison of the MLO powdery mildew gene. The method in the invention can effectively shorten a mining cycle of the orange powdery mildew gene, facilitating rapid identification of the powdery mildew gene; the method can develop corresponding cosegregation functional markers (SNP, SCAR and the like) through the identified candidate powdery mildew gene and can also be used in fast molecular marker-assisted selection of the powdery mildew resistance gene with high accuracy; the method can also create multiple breeding materials with resistance property through combination of other resistance gene molecular markers, shortening a breeding period and improving breeding efficiency; the method can further lays a foundation for describing an orange powdery mildew resistance molecular mechanism.

The invention belongs to the field of rape molecular breeding, and relates to a specific molecular marker of brassica napus L. grain weight and a preparation method and an application. Hybridization is performed by using brassica napus L. A254 as a female parent and using brassica napus L. A177 as a male parent to construct a dihaploid colony (DH); data of the genotype and 1000-grain weight of the DH colony are analyzed to obtain QTLs loci of the grain weight character. MINI3 and TTG2 genes of A254 and A177 are cloned by a homologous sequencing method; specific molecular marker MINI3a and TTG2a of the MINI3 and TTG2 genes are designed according to sequence different loci; the molecular marker MINI3a and TTG2a are positioned on two grain weight QTLs loci of a A5 linkage group; related verification and application demonstrate that the molecular marker prepared by the invention is a new genetic marker. The invention provides a new genetic marker for rape grain weight molecular breeding.

The present invention is rapid identification of a powdery mildew gene of Medicago truncatula, relates to discipline knowledge of plant comparative genomics, genetics and bioinformatics and belongs to the technical field of plant biotechnology. The invention mainly comprises the following steps: 1) download of Medicago truncatula genome sequence and collection of an MLO gene; 2) identification of MLO type gene; 3) MLO gene phylogenetic relationship; and 4) comparison of MLO type powdery mildew gene. The invention effectively shortens a mining cycle of the powdery mildew gene of Medicago truncatula and facilitates the rapid identification of the powdery mildew gene. The identified candidate powdery mildew genes can be used to develop corresponding coseparation functional markers (SNP and SCAR, etc.), and can also be used quickly for molecular marker assisted selection of powdery mildew resistant gene, and has high accuracy. Combined with other disease resistant gene molecular markers, the identified candidate powdery mildew genes can be used in development of multiresistance breeding material, so as to shorten the breeding period and improve breeding efficiency. The invention lays foundation to elaborate molecular mechanism of powdery mildew resistance of Medicago truncatula.

The invention relates to a transgenic helicoverpa armigera-resistant and phenol-free cotton breeding method, which belongs to the cotton breeding field, and is characterized in that: eglandular high-yield low-phenol cotton specimen Hunan cotton No.18 with the gene model as Gl2eGl2e as a female parent to be hybrid with a male parent which is high-energetic fiber helicoverpa armigera-resistant specimen Jiangsu 76149. Due to the adoption of the method, the high energetic fibers can be quickly polymerized, high yield can be obtained, disease resistance can be realized, transgenic Bt insect resistance can be realized, a dominant phenol-free property can be realized, the selection efficiency can be remarkably improved, and the breeding period can be shortened. The new bred cotton specimen not only has stable resistance to the helicoverpa armigera and mice so as to reduce the application of helicoverpa armigera control medicine for 2 to 3 times, but also can reduce the production cost, and the cotton seed is safe and reliable to store and transport; and since no cotton phenol and similar substance are contained, the seeds of the cotton can be used as raw materials for processing human edible oil, food and healthcare products, so economic income of the cotton farmers can be increased for 1750 Yuan per Mu, and a promising popularization and application prospect in the cotton production region in China can be realized.

The invention discloses a method for quickly identifying a manihot esculenta mildew-resistance locus (MLO) gene, relates to knowledge of plant comparative genomics, genetics, bioinformatics and the like and belongs to the field of plant biotechnology science. The method mainly comprises the following steps of: 1) downloading a manihot esculenta whole genome sequence, and collecting the MLO gene; 2) identifying the MLO gene; 3) identifying the MLO gene according to the MLO gene phylogenetic relationship; and 4) comparing the MLO genes. By the method, the discovery cycle of the manihot esculenta MLO gene is shortened effectively, and the MLO gene can be quickly identified; corresponding coseparation functional markers (single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and specific combining ability (SCA)) can be developed by the identified candidate MLO gene, and the method can be quickly used for molecular marker auxiliary selection of the MLO gene, and is high in accuracy; by combining other disease-resistant gene molecular markers, multiresistance breeding materials can be prepared, the breeding cycle is shortened, and the breeding efficiency is improved; and the foundation is laid for elaborating a manihot esculenta MLO gene molecular mechanism.

The invention mainly relates to a calabash gourd anti-plague gene segment or gene marker and application. Three calabash gourd anti-plague gene segments or gene markers are rapidly separated by adopting an anti-disease gene homologous sequence method, and by sequencing, the nucleotide lengths of the gene segments or gene markers are 510bp, 498bp and 501bp. According to the calabash gourd anti-plague gene segment or gene marker and application provided by the invention, the excavation period of the calabash gourd anti-plague gene is effectively shortened, and the rapid identification of plague gene is facilitated; the identified plague gene can be used for developing corresponding coseparation functional markers (SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism), SCAR (sequence-characterized amplified region) and the like), and can also be rapidly used for assisted selection of a molecule marker of the anti-plague gene, and the accuracy is high; development of multi-resistance breeding materials can be carried out by combining with other anti-disease gene molecule markers, the breeding time is shortened and the breeding efficiency is improved; and foundation is established for expounding the molecular mechanism of the anti-plague gene.

The invention relates to an improving method of alternate selection of a maize inbred line, which belongs to the technical field of maize breeding. Zheng 58 and Chang 7-2 are taken as base materials, the ecological conditions of high-temperature, high-humidity and being prone to maize diseases of Henan in summer are taken as disease resistance selection, the ecological conditions of dry and rainless of Hainan in winter are taken as drought resistance selection, six generations are continuously selected through the alternate selection of the disease resistance and the drought resistance in two places of Henan and Hainan in one year, and the hybrid combination and the identification are simultaneously carried out, thereby enhancing the drought resistance and the disease resistance of Zheng 58 and Chang 7-2 of the maize inbred line. The stable inbred line with good stress resistance and the hybrid combination can be generally selected and bred within only three years through the south-north alternate selection, thereby greatly accelerating the generation process of the improvement of the inbred line, improving the efficiency of selecting and breeding and further achieving the purpose of fast and high-efficiently improving the maize inbred line.

The invention relates to rapid identification of powdery mildew resistance Poncirus trifoliata genes, relates to knowledge of subjects such as plant comparative genomics, genetics and bioinformatics, and belongs to the technical field of plant biotechnology. The rapid identification mainly includes the steps of firstly, downloading full genomic sequences of Poncirus trifoliate and collecting MLO genes; secondly, identifying the MLO genes; thirdly, identifying phylogenetic relationship of the MLO genes; and fourthly, comparing the MLO powdery mildew resistance genes. By the rapid identification, mining cycle of the powdery mildew resistance Poncirus trifoliata genes is shortened effectively, and the powdery mildew resistance genes can be identified quickly. Corresponding co-separation functional marks (SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism), Scar and the like) can be developed through candidate powdery mildew resistance genes identified, the rapid identification is also available for molecular marker-assisted selection of the powdery mildew resistance genes, and accuracy is high. The rapid identification can also be used with other resistance gene molecular markers to create multiresistance breeding materials, breeding period is shortened, breeding efficiency is improved, and basis for elaborating powdery mildew resistance Poncirus trifoliata molecular mechanisms is laid.