57 results about "Genetics genomics" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of crossing of bioinformatics, artificial intelligence and plant genomics, and discloses a plant single cell gene expression prediction method, system, device and medium. A plant single cell gene expression prediction model realizes dynamic feature fusion of a DNA sequence and chromatin accessibility signals through a gated cross attention mechanism; the problem that a traditional single-mode model cannot model regulation and control dynamic association is effectively solved, and the result interpretability is enhanced; a hybrid expert system and a load balancing design are adopted to significantly improve the recognition capability of the model for rare cell types, and a decoupling prediction head design supports efficient transfer learning; a DNA long sequence processing mechanism and nucleosome scale feature coding ensure cross-species compatibility; an end-to-end automatic process and a dynamic parameter optimization framework greatly improve the practicability; a'prediction-verification 'closed-loop support system can be constructed for molecular breeding, and high-precision and interpretable prediction of plant single-cell gene expression is realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of medical data analysis, in particular to a urinary system tumor big data analysis system which comprises a target kernel generation module, a kernel matrix calculation module, a parameter optimization module and a risk division module. According to the method, a target kernel matrix reflecting clinical prognosis differences is constructed and serves as an optimization reference, a radiomics and genomics feature kernel matrix is generated through hardware acceleration parallel computing, kernel function width parameters are dynamically iteratively updated based on an alignment degree numerical value so as to ensure that multi-modal feature distribution is highly matched with a prognosis label, and the accuracy of the multi-modal feature distribution is improved. A multi-dimensional feature space containing rich pathological information is constructed by combining a weighted fusion mechanism after centralization processing, so that a support vector machine is trained to determine a high-robustness decision boundary, and precise division of tumor risk levels is realized while high-dimensional data calculation delay is greatly reduced; and the reliability and timeliness of auxiliary diagnosis and treatment results in a complex pathological environment are effectively improved.

The invention relates to an application of a FaPDHE1alpha gene or an encoding protein thereof in prevention and control of strawberry gray mold, and belongs to the field of plant genetic engineering and the field of prevention and control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables. The invention discloses a key positive regulation and control effect of FaPDHE1alpha in regulation and control of strawberry gray mold resistance. By constructing a 35S:: FaPDHE1alpha overexpression vector and a FaPDHE1alpha RNAi interference vector, according to transient gene overexpression and RNA interference silencing tests, it is verified that high expression of the FaPDHE1alpha gene can obviously enhance the resistance of strawberry fruits to botrytis cinerea, and silencing of the gene causes reduction of the disease resistance of the fruits. Mechanism studies show that after the FaPDHE1alpha gene is activated, mitochondrial energy metabolism and controlled ROS signal generation are promoted, antioxidant enzyme activity is enhanced, and defense related gene expression is induced, so that the disease resistance of fruits is improved. By means of functional genomics, the key function of the FaPDHE1alpha gene in prevention and control of gray mold after strawberry harvest is illuminated for the first time, and the FaPDHE1alpha gene can be used for screening disease-resistant breeding materials or developing biological prevention and control preparations for postharvest diseases and has important application value.

The invention discloses application of a wheat gene TaPHR1 in improvement of plant salt tolerance, and belongs to the technical field of functional genomics. Wherein the nucleotide sequence of the wheat gene TaPHR1 is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, the tolerance of a plant to salt stress can be improved through overexpression of the gene, and the plant is wheat or arabidopsis thaliana. The wheat gene TaPHR1 has the beneficial effects that the wheat gene TaPHR1 is transformed into a model plant arabidopsis thaliana, so that the salt tolerance of the arabidopsis thaliana can be obviously improved, if the wheat gene TaPHR1 is transformed into plants such as wheat, rice, corn and cauliflower, new germplasm with salt tolerance can be possibly obtained, and the new germplasm can be used as a new germplasm. The method is of great significance to cultivation of new varieties of excellent crops and wide application of the new varieties of the excellent crops in production.

The invention discloses a plant gene function analysis method (FAGEN), and belongs to the technical field of molecular genetics and functional genomics. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a target gene mutant by using a gene editing technology; hybridizing the mutant and the corresponding wild type as a common parent with a plurality of parents with different genetic backgrounds to construct a pair F1 group; an F2 group is obtained through selfing; and determining phenotypic data of target characters of F1 and F2 populations, and comparing phenotypic differences of filial generations of wild types and mutants under different genetic backgrounds to judge the functions of the target genes. The method has the advantages of simplicity in operation, flexibility in design, short construction period and low cost, and gene functions can be efficiently and accurately analyzed under various genetic backgrounds.

This invention discloses a multi-scale prediction method and system for the maximum growth rate of soil microorganisms based on genomic features, involving the interdisciplinary fields of microbial ecology and genomics. The method includes: genomic data preparation, core genomic feature extraction, single-scale growth rate prediction, community-scale extrapolation, and result verification and output. The system includes a genomic data processing unit, a core feature extraction module, a growth rate prediction model, a community-scale extrapolation module, and a result visualization and verification unit. This invention overcomes the limitations of traditional culture methods and in-situ measurement methods, achieving high-throughput and accurate prediction of the growth rates of culturable and uncultured microorganisms, and solving the problems of low coverage, fragmented scales, and high costs of existing technologies. It is applicable to soil microbial function assessment, carbon cycle model parameterization, and ecosystem management.

This invention provides a method for storing mango seeds, belonging to the field of seed preservation technology. The method involves cutting off mango fruits with embryos, along with their pedicels and branches, 77-84 days after fruit set. A mixture of pyraclostrobin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and chlorothalonil is sprayed on the fruit, pedicels, and branches. After drying, styrene-butadiene latex is applied to the pedicels and branches. Once the latex dries, a mixture of guanidine-copper acetate and benzoyl-pyraclostrobin is sprayed on the fruit, pedicels, and branches again. After drying, the mango fruits with petioles and branches are placed in a sealed box and stored at 10-14°C. The mango variety used is the Golden Phoenix mango. This invention increases the storage period of Golden Phoenix mango seeds from 1.5 months to 5 months, which is of great significance for the genomics and cell biology research of Golden Phoenix mangoes.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fish genetic breeding, and relates to a method for screening hemorrhagic disease resistant grass carp and application of the method in hemorrhagic disease resistant breeding of grass carp. Based on a genomics rapid breeding technology, a batch of grass carps capable of resisting the hemorrhagic disease are accurately screened out through the steps of constructing a grass carp experimental group, identifying phenotypes through artificial infection of grass carp hemorrhagic disease viruses, analyzing and identifying genotypes through high-throughput sequencing, carrying out associated screening on SNP sites related to the hemorrhagic disease and the like. The method realizes efficient breeding in a breeding cycle of the grass carp, has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, genetic stability and the like, can effectively solve the breeding loss caused by hemorrhagic disease of the grass carp, and assists high-quality and green development of aquaculture industry in China.

This invention discloses the application of the wheat gene TaPSS2 in improving plant drought resistance, belonging to the field of functional genomics. The nucleotide sequence of the wheat gene TaPSS2 is shown in SEQ ID NO: 2. Transforming this gene into the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana can significantly improve the drought resistance of Arabidopsis. If the wheat gene TaPSS2 is transformed into wheat, rice, maize, cauliflower, and other plants, it is possible to obtain new germplasm with drought-resistant characteristics, which is of great significance for the breeding of superior crop varieties and their widespread application in production.

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to application of an RhUNE10 gene to regulation and control of root cancer resistance of Chinese roses and a regulation and control method. The nucleotide sequence of the RhUNE10 gene is as shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. The application mode is that the RhUNE10 gene is silenced and knocked out, or the expression of the protein coded by the RhUNE10 gene is inhibited; and the amino acid sequence of the protein coded by the RhUNE10 gene is as shown in SEQ ID NO. 3. After the RhUNE10 gene is silenced, the resistance of the Chinese rose to agrobacterium tumefaciens is remarkably reduced, which indicates that the RhUNE10 gene has important biological functions, is beneficial to promoting Chinese rose functional genomics research, gene editing breeding and transgenic breeding research, excavates and cultivates new varieties of high-resistance Chinese roses, and has wide application prospects. And a certain theoretical basis and key gene resources are provided for comprehensive prevention and treatment of root cancer and cultivation of a new variety of Chinese rose.

The invention discloses an application of a gene GmSW6 in regulation and control of plant grain weight and quality. GWAS is developed by using genotype and hundred-grain weight phenotype data, haplotype analysis, gene expression profile data and homologous gene function annotation are combined, and the grain weight related gene GmSW6 is successfully cloned by virtue of research means of molecular biology and comparative genomics. The function of the gene GmSW6 in regulating and controlling the plant grain weight is disclosed for the first time by utilizing a CRISPR-Cas9 system, and the target of increasing the hundred-grain weight of the plant is possibly achieved by knocking out a coding sequence of the GmSW6 gene or silencing the coding gene or reducing the expression level of the coding gene. Meanwhile, by introducing the gene into a target plant or over-expressing the gene in the plant, the grain weight of the plant can be regulated and controlled, the grain weight of the plant can be reduced, but the per unit yield can be increased under the condition, an important gene resource is provided for plant molecular breeding, and a new choice is provided for high yield of the plant.

The invention relates to the technical field of medicines, and discloses a bifidobacterium longum strain GZBAI 01 and application thereof in degradation of benzoic acid and prevention or treatment of colorectal cancer. The strain is separated from faeces of healthy people, genomics identification is carried out, the metabolic profile of the strain is measured through metabonomics, the strain can convert benzoic acid with carcinogenic risk into protocatechuic acid with antitumor activity through unique metabolic capability, meanwhile, the function of regulatory T cells (Treg) in tumor drainage lymph nodes can be inhibited, differentiation of CD8 + T cells is promoted, and the tumor drainage lymph nodes can be inhibited. Therefore, the colorectal cancer is prevented through double ways of eliminating cancerogen and generating therapeutic agents. A colorectal cancer mouse model and a subcutaneous tumor mouse model verify that the strain can significantly reduce the number and volume of tumors, and shows a benzoic acid conversion effect superior to that of other strains in vivo and in vitro, and a new way is provided for prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.

This invention belongs to the fields of biotechnology and genomics, and relates to a method and kit for capturing plant chromatin conformation. The method includes the following steps: (1) cross-linking and fixing the chromatin of a plant sample; (2) digesting the fixed chromatin using an enzyme digestion combination containing restriction endonuclease AluI and restriction endonuclease HypCh4V; (3) ligating the enzyme fragments generated in step (2) at spatially adjacent locations to form ligation products; (4) enriching the ligation products and constructing sequencing libraries using the enriched ligation products. This invention uses a combination of AluI and HypCh4V enzymes to replace traditional single-enzyme digestion, which significantly improves data resolution while reducing technical bias. It can achieve chromatin interaction mapping at a resolution of 500 bp in plants and has broad application prospects in the study of fine tissue characteristics at the single-gene level in plants.

This invention discloses a strain of Aspergillus sp., DLF18, and its applications, belonging to the field of microbial technology, with accession number CGMCC NO.41737. This strain can effectively utilize rice straw and / or sugarcane bagasse to produce humic acid, with a humic acid content of 16.5% per gram of fermentation supernatant after rice straw fermentation. Applying the fermentation product of DLF18 to crops can significantly improve crop growth and increase the humic content in the soil. Simultaneously, metagenomic analysis results show that, compared with the control group, the application of DLF18 to the soil significantly altered species β-diversity, functional gene abundance, and inter-group differences. These findings indicate that DLF18 has broad application prospects in agricultural straw utilization and soil remediation.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating avian pathogenic escherichia coli as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of veterinary drugs. According to the invention, screening is carried out through subtraction genomics and reverse network pharmacology, and based on the compatibility theory of monarch, minister, assistant and guide and the traditional Chinese veterinary medicine and pharmacy differentiation theory, a traditional Chinese medicine composition, namely the radix angelicae and fructus forsythiae intestine health formula, for preventing and treating avian pathogenic escherichia coli is formed. According to the traditional Chinese medicine composition, fructus forsythiae and radix angelicae are used as monarch drugs, radix isatidis and clinopodium polycephalum are used as ministerial drugs, fructus aurantii immaturus, mint and plantain herb are used as adjuvant drugs, and liquorice is used as a conductant drug, so that the traditional Chinese medicine composition can inhibit reproduction of avian pathogenic escherichia coli, destroy formation of biological membranes of the avian pathogenic escherichia coli and relieve pathological injuries of diseased poultry caused by APEC; the traditional Chinese medicine composition has a good treatment effect on avian pathogenic escherichia coli.

The invention discloses a pharmacogenomics report generation method and device, a medium and a product, and relates to the field. The method comprises the following steps: in response to the completion of a drug genome experiment of a first object, obtaining experimental result data of the drug genome experiment, and determining experimental result interpretation data based on a first drug gene association database; inputting the experimental result interpretation data, the object attribute information corresponding to the first object, the medical record information and the first medicine information into a pre-trained medication risk assessment model to obtain a medication risk assessment result of the first object; and generating a pharmacogenomics report of the first object based on the medication risk assessment result, the experimental result interpretation data, the object attribute information, the medical record information and the first drug information. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the problems of high threshold and low efficiency of the existing pharmacogenomics report generation are solved, the pharmacogenomics report can be automatically generated, the accuracy of the report content is improved, and the report generation cost is reduced.

The application belongs to the field of microbial molecule detection, and discloses a multiple qPCR kit and method for simultaneously detecting multiple listeria based on new molecular targets. The application designs corresponding primers and probes based on specific gene fragments of each listeria obtained by genomics mining, establishes a multiple qPCR method, and assembles the method into a portable kit. The multiple qPCR primer probe set of the application has high specificity, and only the six target bacteria of Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria innocua, Listeria ivanovii, Listeria welshimeri, Listeria seeligeri and Listeria grayi appear fluorescence signals in the specific fluorescence signal channel, so that the detection result is more accurate. The multiple qPCR kit of the application can complete sample detection within 14 hours, wherein the whole qPCR process only needs about 1 hour, the detection efficiency is high, the detection cost is low, and the kit is particularly suitable for large-scale sample investigation and actual detection, and the detection sensitivity can be as low as 1.0-11.1 CFU / Test.

The invention discloses a genetic transformation method based on pear somatic embryogenesis, and belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering and molecular breeding. In order to solve the problems that existing pear genetic transformation is low in transformation efficiency, high in chimera rate, long in period, difficult to obtain gene editing regeneration plants and the like, the invention provides two paths: 1, immature zygotic embryos 30-60 days after pear flowering are taken as explants, resistant plants are directly induced through a somatic embryo regeneration path, and the transformation efficiency within 40-60 days reaches 73.91%; secondly, the embryogenic callus with the consistent genetic background is used as an explant for infection, the embryogenic property is maintained and the proliferation efficiency is improved by optimizing a culture medium formula, and a resistant plant with the consistent genetic background can be obtained within 30-50 days. The method overcomes the defect that regeneration plants are difficult to obtain through existing callus transformation, remarkably shortens the breeding period, is high in transformation efficiency, low in chimera rate and controllable in genetic background consistency, and provides technical support for pear functional genomics research and molecular breeding.

The application discloses a high-precision genotype reference panel of Cervus nippon and a filling method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of animal genomics. The method comprises the following steps: collecting blood samples of Cervus nippon with an age of 24 months or above, performing 5X resequencing, and obtaining genotyping data; using Beagle software to perform self-filling on the resequencing data, and generating a reference panel; using Plink software to perform quality control on the reference panel data; setting a DR 2 filtering threshold value as 0.95, filtering chip data of a target population; dividing sites into five intervals according to minor allele frequencies, and filling in sequence according to intervals. Through the specific implementable technical steps, the application solves the technical problem of poor filling effect of low-frequency variant sites in Cervus nippon genotype filling, and provides a low-cost and efficient genotyping scheme for Cervus nippon genomic breeding.

The invention discloses a rape cold-resistant gene and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of gene engineering. Four rape specific lone genes (BnaOGs) and 2859 brassica specific genes (BSGs) are identified through comparative genomics and multi-database artificial verification by combining UniProt-KB, Nrdb and the like, and the characteristics of short sequence, high GC content, no transcription factor and the like are found. Aiming at a BSG gene BnaA03G0334200ZS, a CDS sequence of the BSG gene BnaA03G0334200ZS is cloned, a pEGOEP35S-H overexpression vector containing a 35S strong promoter and a hygromycin selection marker is constructed, and a positive plant is obtained through agrobacterium-mediated transformation of brassica napus Westar. Functional verification shows that overexpression of the gene remarkably enhances the cold resistance of the rape, plant damage is slight at low temperature, the relative conductivity and MDA content are reduced, and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT are improved. The invention provides a new target and technical support for cultivation of cold-resistant rape varieties, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention provides an RPA (recombinase polymerase amplification) primer group, a kit and a method for detecting the alternaria brassicae of broccoli, which are used for detecting the alternaria brassicae of broccoli. The primer group comprises specific primers F1 / R1, F1 / R1 and F2 / R1, and the sizes of theoretical amplification products of the primer group are 204bp, 187bp and 189bp. Specific target genes are screened out through comparative genomics, RPA primers are designed, and a constant-temperature (39 DEG C) and rapid (20 minutes) detection method is established. The primer provided by the invention has strong specificity, is only effective to the brassica oleracea var. Brassicae, and has no cross reaction with sibling species; the sensitivity is high, the detection lower limit is 0.08 ng / mu L, and the sensitivity is 100 times higher than that of conventional PCR. The actual sample verifies that the detection accuracy reaches 100%. The method is easy and convenient to operate, rapid in detection and suitable for field early diagnosis, plant quarantine and disease monitoring of the pathogenic bacteria.

This invention discloses a Panax notoginseng MYB transcription factor gene. PnMYB34 Its nucleotide sequence is as described in SEQ ID NO:1, encoding the MYB transcription factor. This invention confirms through molecular biology and functional genomics related technologies. PnMYB34 The gene has the ability to enhance the plant's resistance to viral infection, and the present invention will... PnMYB34 Genes were constructed into plant expression vectors and overexpressed in Panax notoginseng and tobacco, respectively. Experimental results showed that overexpression... PnMYB34 Genetically modified Panax notoginseng against Panax notoginseng A virus (GMO) Panax notoginseng virus A The resistance to ) was significantly enhanced, and overexpression PnMYB34 Genetically modified tobacco is susceptible to tobacco mosaic virus (BMP). Tobacco mosaic virus Its resistance was also significantly enhanced.

The application discloses a plant phenotype analysis intelligent agent system based on a large language model. The system adopts a star topological structure, takes a planning intelligent agent as a hub, and is provided with special intelligent agents for vision, model fine tuning, code generation, GWAS analysis and paper writing, so that an overall process from multi-scale plant image processing, zero sample plant image segmentation, plant three-dimensional reconstruction and point cloud segmentation, neural network model optimization, visual chart drawing, genotype-phenotype analysis to scientific research paper writing is realized, and a one-stop intelligent solution is provided for accelerating high-throughput phenomics and genomics correlation research.

The present invention relates to metagenomics methods. The invention also relates to their use in the detection and / or diagnosis of a wide range of infectious diseases, for example, caused by a pathogenic virus, bacterium, fungus or protozoan. The invention also extends to methods for sample preparation and microorganism detection and / or identification, and methods for host cell nucleic acid depletion. The invention further relates to kits and apparatus used in these methods. The invention is especially useful in clinical diagnostic and veterinary medicine.

The application discloses a kind of based on multi-omics fusion's acute myeloid leukemia prognosis prediction method and device, the method includes: collection and pre-processing gene mutation data and gene expression data, to construct data set;Acute myeloid leukemia prognosis prediction model is constructed, and using data set is trained;The gene mutation data and gene expression data after pre-processing are respectively used as the data input of genomics and transcriptomics in trained prediction model, obtain the risk score of prognosis prediction;Wherein, two shared encoders in model share part parameter, two modal features extracted by two shared encoders are aligned based on CLIP feature, and the features extracted by private encoder and shared encoder of each modality are decoupled.The present application fully excavates the complementarity and synergy of genomics and transcriptomics data by hierarchical feature decoupling and dynamic fusion mechanism, realizes the improvement of acute myeloid leukemia patient prognosis prediction accuracy.

The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial culture, and particularly relates to a system for high-flux isolated culture of environmental functional microorganisms and application of the system. Aiming at the problems of small sample treatment volume, tedious operation flow, difficulty in meeting the requirements of downstream genomics analysis and the like in the current environmental microorganism single-cell microencapsulation technology, the invention provides a system for high-throughput isolated culture of environmental functional microorganisms, which comprises a reagent combination, a microencapsulation reagent combination and a microencapsulation reagent combination, the reagent combination comprises at least one independently packaged emulsified liquid unit, at least one independently packaged agar powder unit, a preheating auxiliary bracket with at least one cavity, an emulsifying container and an emulsifying platform for supporting and fixing the emulsifying container, wherein the agar powder unit comprises 0.03-0.8 g of agar powder. According to the invention, an integrated and standardized system product is developed, and the operation process is optimized, so that efficient and high-throughput separation and culture of functional microorganisms in an environmental sample are realized.

The invention relates to a method for identifying microorganisms with a carbon chain extension function. The invention relates to the field of anaerobic fermentation, in particular to a method for identifying strains participating in the synthesis process of medium-chain organic acid in anaerobic fermentation and the metabolic potential of the strains by utilizing a functional microorganism enrichment-metagenome-binning assembly-comparison genome combined platform. The method comprises the following steps: extracting total DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) from a reactor for enriching functional microorganisms, sequencing to obtain metagenome original data of a carbon chain extension reactor, analyzing a metagenome result, identifying microorganisms with a carbon chain extension function, and finally illuminating the metabolic potential of the identified functional microorganisms by utilizing comparative genomics. And a reference is provided for regulating and controlling the fermentation conditions for preparing the medium-chain fatty acid from the organic wastes.

This invention belongs to the field of plant genetic engineering technology, specifically relating to the application of the wheat TaMRS2-16 protein in regulating photosynthetic rate. The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel use for the wheat TaMRS2-16 gene, namely, its application in regulating wheat photosynthetic rate. Through functional genomics, this invention, for the first time, clarifies the positive regulatory role of the TaMRS2-16 gene in wheat photosynthetic rate, providing new target genes and molecular markers for molecular breeding of high-efficiency wheat.

The invention discloses a high-flux real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (polymerase chain reaction) chip for detecting soil-transmitted pathogenic bacteria and a detection method of the high-flux real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR chip. The chip comprises a primer composition consisting of 64 pairs of primer pairs which are designed for specific genes of 47 species and 7 genera of soil-propagated plant pathogenic fungi, 8 species of soil-propagated plant pathogenic bacteria and two reference genes. On the basis of a high-flux quantitative PCR (HT-qPCR) technology, a novel chip capable of simultaneously detecting 47 species and 7 genera of soil-transmitted plant pathogenic fungi and 8 species of soil-transmitted plant pathogenic bacteria is established, and a powerful tool is provided for evaluating potential risks of soil-transmitted plant pathogens in an environment. The method is applied to pathogenic bacteria spread in soil, the abundance and distribution of the pathogenic bacteria spread in the soil can be detected and analyzed, the defects of low-flux amplification of traditional single-gene qPCR and high cost of metagenomics are overcome, and the method has wide application prospects.

The invention relates to the technical field of breast cancer risk prediction, and discloses a breast cancer metastasis risk prediction model based on clinical indexes. The model comprises the following steps: acquiring imaging characteristics, pathological histology and blood biomarker parameters of a patient in a diagnosis and treatment period, and associating and integrating the imaging characteristics, the pathological histology and the blood biomarker parameters into a time sequence clinical data set through a unique identifier; and extracting tumor biological characteristics of each time node, and calculating an invasiveness index to generate a dynamic risk change sequence. Analyzing a tumor characteristic evolution rule based on the sequence, identifying a high-risk mode and constructing a mode library, and performing mode matching on real-time clinical data to generate a preliminary early warning set; and finally, completing multi-dimensional verification in combination with genomics characteristics and treatment response data, and outputting a final prediction result. According to the model, dynamic and accurate prejudgment of breast cancer metastasis risks is realized, and reliable guidance is provided for clinically formulating intervention strategies.