A kind of avirulent live anthrax vaccine and avirulent anthrax strain

Abstract

The invention provides a nontoxic anthrax live vaccine.The active ingredient of the nontoxic anthrax live vaccine includes a nontoxic anthrax strain for expressing anthrax protective antigen mutant protein (rPA).The nontoxic anthrax strain is obtained by performing locus mutation on pXO1 plasmid of an original Sterne vaccine strain, and locus mutation covers R178A and K197A double-locus mutants of a protective antigen.The live vaccine is prepared from the strain including the PA dominant negative mutants of the protective antigen, and has the advantages that the live vaccine loses the capability of being combined with lethal factors and edema factors, toxins cannot be generated, and it is proved that the immunogen of the live vaccine is not changed at all; meanwhile, biologically-inactivated rPA can be in competitive combination with cell receptors, and the purpose of neutralizing anthrax toxins can be achieved.The mutant strain completely loses the sporeforming function, the vaccine standard requirements for not harming operators and not causing environment pollution are met, subcutaneous injection and oral administration can be selected as administration routes, and the defect that a Sterne vaccine strain is not suitable for certain livestock due to large residual toxicity is overcome.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of immunomedicine, in particular to a non-toxic anthrax live vaccine and a non-toxic anthrax strain. Background technique [0002] Anthrax is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis infection. Anthrax was originally a herbivorous animal disease. On the one hand, Sterne successfully developed a highly effective livestock vaccine in 1937. On the other hand, due to the application of antibiotics, the incidence of this disease has decreased significantly worldwide. However, anthrax It still has its important position. In all parts of the world, anthrax spreads and spreads among livestock, which not only affects the development of animal husbandry and the export of animal skins, hairs, bone meal, etc., but at present, anthrax is still very sensitive to the susceptible species in endemic areas of animals. It is a potential threat. At the same time, the Sterne vaccine strain is not suitable for inoculatio...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Therefore, in the 1980s, there was a need to develop a new anthrax vaccine in the field of veterinary medicine. Researchers tried to make the Sterne vaccine into a biological bomb and succeeded in large-scale remote herd immunity of wild animals by shooting. Helicopters, flight attendants, observers, and shooters are required for long-distance herd immunity, which can only immunize about 1,000 animals a day, so the cost is very expensive and not suitable for promotion; some people use Sterne vaccine for oral experimental observation, although animal serological monitoring can Produce an immune response, but worry that the environmental hazards of Sterne spores excreted with feces cannot be eliminated, so the transformation of animal vaccine strains is still in progress, the purpose is to enhance the safety of live vaccines, reduce reactivity, ensure immune effects and avoid Contaminate the environment and make it safer and more effective

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