Method for reducing vegetable field nutrient emission and improving vegetable commodity characters

Abstract

The invention provides a method for reducing vegetable field nutrient emission and improving vegetable commodity characters, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural area source pollution control and vegetable production. Specifically, the wheat straw charcoal technology with reduced fertilizer application and moderate organic fertilizer application is adopted to achieve the effects of reducing the emission of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in vegetable field soil runoff, stabilizing the yield of vegetables and improving the commodity characters of vegetables. By adopting the technology, the nitrogen concentration and phosphorus concentration of vegetable field runoff water can be significantly reduced by 13.95%-23.68% and 34.81%-52.44% respectively, and the nitrogen loss by runoff and phosphorus loss by runoff in the vegetable growth period can be significantly reduced by 13.95%-23.68% and 34.81%-52.44% respectively; meanwhile, the risk of vegetable field nitrogen and phosphorus loss by runoff can be significantly lowered. Furthermore, by adopting the technology, the yield of vegetables can be maintained stable, the cabbage nitrogen partial productivity is significantly improved by 24.39%-28.98%, the sphericity index of cabbage heads is significantly increased by 6.17%-7.41%, and the commodity characters of vegetables are significantly improved.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a method for reducing nutrient discharge in a vegetable field and improving the commodity properties of vegetables, and belongs to the technical fields of agricultural non-point source pollution control and vegetable production. Background technique: [0002] Vegetable land is one of the important land use methods in the Taihu Lake Basin. In recent years, with the strong support of agricultural industry policies and the continuous improvement of economic benefits, the vegetable planting area has continued to expand. According to statistics, in 2013, the planting area of ​​vegetables in Jiangsu Province was about 1.36×10 6 hm 2 , accounting for about 28.95% of the cultivated land area, of which, the open field vegetable planting area accounts for about 56.52% of the vegetable planting area. In the process of vegetable production, vegetable farmers often apply excessive fertilizers in order to pursue higher vegetable yields a...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The use of artificial ecological ditches or vegetation interception / buffer strips and other technologies can effectively reduce the runoff loss of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in vegetable fields by 42% to 91% and 30% to 92%, but the construction and daily maintenance are cumbersome, and crops are planted in ditches Or the grass belt crops are not harvested in time, which has the potential risk of secondary pollution

Although the application of chemical additives such as desulfurized gypsum or aluminum sulfate can effectively reduce the loss of phosphorus in vegetable soil surface runoff, if applied in large quantities or for a long time, it may have adverse effects on the physical and chemical properties of vegetable soil, thereby affecting vegetable yield and quality.

The application of biochar in vegetable fields can slow down nitrogen loss by regulating nitrification-denitrification and nutrient release processes, etc., but a large amount or even excessive application (up to 4.0×10 4 kg hm -2 ) may cause potential negative effects on crop nutrient absorption and utilization and farmland ecological environment

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