Use of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 in the management of renal replacement therapy
A renal, therapeutic technology applied in the field of use of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 in the management of renal replacement therapy, which can address issues such as increased risk
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[0090] Preparation of solid phase and detectably labeled conjugates typically involves the use of chemical crosslinkers. Crosslinkers contain at least two reactive groups and are generally classified into homofunctional crosslinkers (comprising the same reactive groups) and heterofunctional crosslinkers (comprising different reactive groups). Homobifunctional crosslinkers coupled via amine, sulfhydryl, or nonspecific reactions are available from a number of commercial sources. Maleimides, alkyl and aryl halides, alpha-haloacyl and pyridyl disulfides are thiol reactive groups. Maleimides, alkyl and aryl halides, and α-haloacyls react with sulfhydryls to form thiol ether linkages, while pyridyl disulfides react with sulfhydryls to form mixed disulfides. The pyridyl disulfide product is cleavable. Imino esters are also very useful for protein-protein crosslinking. A variety of heterobifunctional crosslinkers, each combining different properties for successful conjugation, are ...
Embodiment 1
[0162] Example 1. RRT duration is longer in patients with elevated biomarkers.
[0163] ICU patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) were included in the analysis. Urine samples were collected from each patient during RRT and within 48 hours after initiation of RRT. use on Meter To test the kit, TIMP2, IGFBP7 and TIMP2 x IGBFP7 (the product of the concentrations of the two biomarkers) were measured in urine samples by immunoassay. Patients were divided into two groups based on their biomarker concentrations less than or equal to or greater than specified thresholds. Ranges and medians of RRT days, length of hospital stay, and length of ICU stay were determined for each patient group. Patients with biomarker concentrations greater than the threshold received RRT longer and had longer hospital and ICU stays than patients with biomarker concentrations less than or equal to the threshold.
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Embodiment 2
[0166] Example 2. Selection of RRT modality using biomarkers.
[0167] A 65-year-old man was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after presenting to the emergency department a diagnosis of severe, community-acquired pneumonia. He was intubated and placed on mechanical ventilation due to worsening respiratory insufficiency and inability to maintain adequate oxygenation. He was also found to be hypotensive and received several liters of intravenous (IV) crystalloid IV for volume resuscitation. He was unresponsive, so vasopressor therapy was started to maintain systemic blood pressure. He also underwent pan culture and received broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy.
[0168] Although he underwent aggressive volume resuscitation and his serum creatinine increased from an admission level of 1.3 mg / dL to 5.1 mg / dL (indicating stage III AKI), his urine output has been consistently below 0.3 mL since admission / kg / hr. He required significant positive pressure ventilatory supp...
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