Three-stage amplifying method of inventing novel germplasm of drupe fruit tree utilizing distant hybridization

Abstract

The present invention provides three-stage amplification method as one kind of system method capable of overcoming incompatibility and sterility in distant hybridization of stone fruit tree. The three-stage amplification method includes electrostatic field treatment of male parent pollen, adopting female parent with self-compatibility or high natural bearing rate and pollination in bell blooming period; salving hybrid young embryo in MS culture medium with BA and IAA to obtain more hybrid; and inducing multiple bud and proliferation culture in MS+BA+IAA+vitamin C culture medium to avoid gene type loss. The test seedling is rooting cultured and RAPD identified before being transplanted in field. One series of new stone fruit tree germ plasm has been created via the said method.

Description

(1) Technical field [0001] Plant breeding and biotechnology. (2) Background technology [0002] In the process of plant breeding, the use of distant hybridization between species and genera with distant kinship, such as the hybridization of plum and apricot, can produce more abundant genetic variation than conventional sexual hybridization between intraspecific varieties, not only for species It is one of the effective ways of qualitative innovation, and it has important theoretical significance in the study of biological issues such as the formation, evolution and phylogeny of species. However, in the long-term evolution process of plants, various isolation mechanisms have been formed, and distant hybridization is very difficult. The first obstacle encountered is the incompatibility of distant hybridization, which is mainly manifested in: ① pollen in heterogeneous plants The stigma cannot germinate; ② or although it can germinate, the pollen tube grows slowly, or the polle...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in the long-term evolution process of plants, various isolation mechanisms have been formed, and distant hybridization is very difficult. The first obstacle encountered is the incompatibility of distant hybridization, which is mainly manifested in: ① pollen in heterogeneous plants The stigma cannot germinate; ② or although it can germinate, the pollen tube grows slowly, or the pollen tube is too short to enter the ovary and reach the embryo sac; ③ or although the pollen tube enters the ovary and reaches the embryo sac, it cannot be fertilized, or only Single fertilization of egg nucleus or polar nucleus, resulting in failure to obtain hybrid seeds

The second obstacle encountered is the sterility (pregnancy) of distant hybrids, which is mainly manifested as: ①The immature embryos after fertilization do not develop, develop abnormally or stop midway; ②The endosperm develops abnormally, resulting in partial or All died; ③The seeds could not germinate, or although they could germinate, the seedlings died in the early days; ④The hybrid plants could not bloom and set fruit normally

Therefore, the incompatibility of distant hybridization and the sterility of hybrids are the main reasons for the slow progress of plant distant hybridization breeding, and they are also important problems to be solved urgently.

[0003] Although the distant hybrid breeding research of fruit trees has a history of several decades, most research reports mainly compare the compatibility (fruit setting rate) of distant hybrids of stone fruit trees such as peaches, plums, apricots, how to take some measures further , using modern high-tech to overcome the incompatibility of distant hybridization and the systematic research on the sterility of hybrids, there are few reports

Images