Method of passive immunization

a passive immunization and technology of peptides, applied in the field of peptides, can solve the problems of loss of mitogenic activity, high mortality of both diseases, skin loss,

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-12-11
THE ROCKEFELLER UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0026]The present invention relates to the identification of consensus sequences derived from two conserved regions of the staphylococcal enterotoxins and streptococcal pyrogenic toxins (hereinafter called “region 1” and “region 2”) and the discovery that compositions comprising amino acid sequences based on these two conserved regions of the staphylococcal enterotoxins and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins are capable of inducing antibodies which react with a variety of staphylococcal and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins and are also capable of ameliorating or preventing diseases related to the deleterious effects of these toxins.
[0034]Another object of the invention is to provide antibodies induced by the peptides and carrier-conjugates thereof. These antibodies may be used to prevent, treat, or protect against the toxic effects of most, if not all, of the staphylococcal and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins. The antibodies may also be useful to protect against, or ameliorate the effects of, autoimmune diseases which are associated with, or are the result of, the presence of staphylococcal or streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins. These antibodies are also useful in diagnostic assays and kits to detect the presence of staphylococcal and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins and to aid in the diagnosis of diseases related to the presence of those toxins.

Problems solved by technology

Peptide cleavages within the loop had no effect on T-cell mitogenicity, however cleavage of conserved sequences outside the loop of SEA resulted in loss of mitogenic activity.
Clinically it often occurs in young women and children and is characterized by a raised temperature, low blood pressure, a rash that eventually leads to skin loss especially on the palms and the soles and multi-organ involvement.
Both diseases have a high mortality-however there are many more cases of septic shock as compared to toxic shock.
Unfortunately, trials using either monoclonal antibodies directed against part of the LPS molecule or the use of CD14 soluble receptors have not been very promising (45).
There is no vaccine available for toxic shock syndrome since all of the superantigens are antigenically distinct even though there is some sequence homology present in all the superantigens.
There have been numerous vaccine trials for septic shock none of which have been successful.
Some days later, a gram-positive insult either via a line sepsis of the skin or gastrointestinal flora may cause severe reversible shock in a previously LPS-sensitized patient.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0132]Peptides whose sequences are based on the two highly conserved regions of the staphylococcal and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins described herein were constructed. The sequences were based on alignments of the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins with the staphylococcal enterotoxins, and the amino acids used in positions with possible degeneracy were the amino acids most frequently found in these positions. Three of the peptides were then catenated and polymerized to produce peptides of greater than 8000 daltons (i.e., peptides 6343, 6345 and 6348, described below). As described further below, peptide 6348 was used to immunize rabbits, which produced high titer antibodies to this peptide. These antibodies were tested for the ability to recognize the streptococcal and staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxins. Immunological assays (immunoblots) revealed that these antibodies recognized regions common to all the pyrogenic exotoxins. These antibodies were also tested for the ability to n...

example 2

[0150]PBMCs were isolated via Ficoll-Hypaque Solution. The appropriate concentration of nonpolymeric peptide and 2×105 cells in 200 μL of RPMI solution was plated in each well. The cells were Incubated for one hour at 37 degrees Centigrade, with mild agitation every 15 minutes. After one hour, 2 μg of SEB was added in each well. The PBMCs were incubated for 72 hours and the results were measured via tritiated thymidine incorporation. The cells were collected and read on a beta counter. The results are shown in FIG. 7. Note the dose-response inhibition of blastogenesis demonstrated in FIG. 7A. Peptide 6343 (i.e., CMYGGVTEGEGN, SEQ ID NO:3) (FIG. 7A) showed more inhibitory activity of SEB than peptide 6346 (i.e., CGKKNVTVQELDYKIRKYLVDNKKLYGC, SEQ ID NO:6) (FIG. 7B) or peptide 6348 (i.e., CMYGGVTEHEGNKKNVTVQELDYKIRKYLVDNKKLYGC, SEQ ID NO:8) (FIG. 7C).

example 3

[0151]PBMCs were isolated via Ficoll-Hypaque Solution. 150 μg of nonpolymeric 6343 peptide (i.e., CMYGGVTEGEGN, SEQ ID NO:3) and 2×105 cells in 200 μL of RPMI solution was plated in each well. The cells were incubated for one hour at 37 degrees Centigrade, with mild agitation every 15 minutes. After one hour, 2 μg of either SEB, SEC, SED, SPEC, SPEA, or TSST-1 was added to each well. The PBMCs were incubated for 72 hours and the results were measured via tritiated thymidine incorporation. The cells were collected and read on a beta counter. All experiments were run in triplicate. The results are shown in FIG. 8. Note that peptide 6313 inhibited blastogenesis of PBMCs by all of the superantigens tested.

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Abstract

This invention relates to compositions and methods which provide protection against, or reduce the severity of toxic shock and septic shock from bacterial infections. More particularly it relates to peptides derived from homologous sequences of the family of staphylococcal and streptococcal toxins, which may be polymeric, and carrier-conjugates thereof. The invention also relates to serum antibodies induced by the peptides and carrier-conjugates and their use to prevent, treat, or protect against the toxic effects of most, if not all, of the staphylococcal and streptococcal toxins.The invention also relates to diagnostic assays and kits to detect the presence of staphylococcal and streptococcal toxins, or antibodies thereto. The invention also relates isolated and purified to nucleic acids encoding the peptides of the invention and Transformed host cells containing those nucleic acids.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This is a continuation-in-part application of co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 09 / 168,303 filed Oct. 7, 1998, which is in turn a continuation-in-part of co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 08 / 838,413 filed Apr. 7, 1997. Pursuant to 35 USC 365, U.S. application Ser. No. 09 / 168,303 is also a continuation-in-part of co-pending International Application PCT / US98 / 06663, filed Apr. 1, 1998. The entire disclosure of U.S. application Ser. No. 08 / 838,413 and U.S. application Ser. No. 09 / 168,303 are incorporated herein by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]This invention relates to compositions and methods for protecting against, or reducing the severity, of toxic shock syndrome and septic shock from bacterial infections. More particularly it relates to peptides, which may be polymeric, and carrier-conjugates thereof, derived from homologous sequences of the family of staphylococcal and streptococcal pyrogenic toxins. The peptides of the invention are useful ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61K39/40A61P31/04C12N15/09A61K38/00A61K39/00A61K39/085A61K39/09A61K39/395A61K48/00A61P31/00A61P37/04A61P43/00C07K14/31C07K14/315C07K16/12C12N1/15C12N1/19C12N1/21C12N5/10C12N15/31C12R1/44
CPCA61K38/00A61K39/00C07K14/31C07K14/315C07K16/1271C07K16/1275A61P31/00A61P31/04A61P37/04A61P43/00
Inventor BANNAN, JASON D.VISVANATHAN, KUMARZABRISKIE, JOHN B.
Owner THE ROCKEFELLER UNIV
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