The invention discloses a high-fidelity Cas9 homolog based on structure orientation and a
screening method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of
gene editing. According to the method, cross-
database searching is carried out, a
sequence comparison tool is used for finding a
homologous sequence, duplicate removal is carried out, three candidate enzymes are effectively recognized from 24 and 544 Cas9 homologues by combining the sequence and three-dimensional structure evaluation,
engineering variants with improved editing efficiency are obtained through PAM recognition area replacement and
rational design, and the eSeqCas9 editing efficiency reaches 82.9%. The high-fidelity Cas9 homologue and the engineered variant thereof have good performance in a base editing
system, the editing efficiency of A-to-G and C-to-T is considerable, and whole
genome off-target detection shows that the Cas9 homologue and the engineered variant thereof have higher specificity. A new thought is provided for discovering the high-fidelity Cas9 homologue, and when the Cas9 homologue is applied to a
gene editing tool, accuracy and safety can be improved, off-target can be reduced, and development of the fields of
gene therapy, biological breeding and the like can be promoted.