Catalyst compositions and methods of preparing them

Abstract

A catalyst composition is provided. The composition comprises at least 30 percent by weight of a catalyst compound based on the total weight of solids in the catalyst composition; and a polymer prepared from ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The polymer either (i) has a backbone derived from substantially hydrophilic monomers and / or monomers containing groups that may be rendered substantially hydrophilic after polymerization, and a plurality of side chains along the backbone derived from substantially hydrophobic monomers, or (ii) has a backbone derived from substantially hydrophobic monomers and a plurality of side chains along the backbone derived from substantially hydrophilic monomers and / or monomers containing groups that may be rendered substantially hydrophilic after polymerization. The catalyst compound is contained within or encapsulated by the polymer. Methods of preparing the catalyst composition and curable compositions containing the catalyst composition are also provided.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention is directed to additive compositions, in particular, catalyst compositions and methods of preparing them.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Catalysis is a change in the rate of a chemical reaction due to the participation of a material called a catalyst. Catalysts that speed the reaction are called positive catalysts. Catalysts that slow the reaction are called negative catalysts, or inhibitors. Unlike reactants, a catalyst is not consumed by the reaction itself.[0003]A catalyst works by providing an alternative reaction pathway to the reaction product. The rate of the reaction is increased when this alternative route has a lower activation energy than the reaction route not mediated by the catalyst. Catalysts can also enable reactions that would otherwise be blocked or slowed by a kinetic barrier. The catalyst may increase reaction rate or selectivity, or enable the reaction to proceed at lower temperatures than would otherwise be pos...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

There can be drawbacks to the use of catalysts.

Unfortunately, often the catalyst levels required to provide acceptably fast cure rates and final product properties typically result in a short application time window after the components are mixed.

Further improvements in reaction rate by adding additional catalyst are precluded because the pot life of the resulting compositions will be even shorter.