The invention discloses a method and a system of data communication of wireless reconnection of a locomotive. The system at least comprises first master control locomotive DTE-L (Data Terminal Equipment-Locomotive-mounted Communication Equipment), first master control locomotive OCE (Operation Control Equipment), second master control locomotive DTE-L, a second master control locomotive OCE, slave control locomotive DTE-L, slave control locomotive OCE and a ground marshalling application server, wherein the first master control locomotive DTE-L or the second master control locomotive DTE-L is used for receiving a data service frame, which is transmitted by the first master control locomotive OCE or the second master control locomotive DTE-L, and transmitting the data service frame to the second master control locomotive DTE-L or the first master control locomotive DTE-L and the slave control locomotive DTE-L; the ground marshalling application server is used for receiving numbers of master control locomotives, which are transmitted by the first master control locomotive DTE-L or the second master control locomotive DTE-L and the slave control locomotive DTE-L, arranging the numbers to one group, and transmitting address information of members of the group to the first master control locomotive DTE-L or the second master control locomotive DTE-L and the slave control locomotive DTE-L. According to the method and the system, the potential safety hazard for driving, which is caused by packet loss of an empty link and equipment failure of a wireless reconnection system, can be effectively overcome.