The invention discloses a visualization-based map mathematics foundation design method, computer equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, importing base map data of a map, inputting range coordinates, determining a rectangular frame range of the map to be output, and obtaining range base map data; s2, according to the range base map data obtained in the step S1, initial mathematical basic information is obtained through calculation, and the initial mathematical basic information comprises initial map projection, initial projection parameters, an initial paper size and an initial proportional scale; s3, performing visual drawing on the base map data of the map according to the mathematical basic information obtained in the step S2; s4, the operator adjusts the map page which is visually drawn in the step S3 according to requirements, and stores the adjusted mathematical basic information; and S5, processing the base map data by using the adjusted mathematical basic information in the step S4, and storing the processed base map data as map data to be typeset.