The invention discloses an automatic marking device for cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnetic steel. The automatic marking device comprises a supporting table, a vibration material feeding disc, a material feeding hose, a first optical fiber sensor, a guide channel, a rotating disc, a supporting disc, a workbench, a driver, a code spraying machine, a material discharging pipeline, an air blowing pipe and a material receiving hose used for packaging the cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnetic steel. The automatic marking device for the cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnetic steel has the advantages that the cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnetic steel can be conveyed after being erected, so that polarity marking can be achieved through an existing assembly line type automatic code spraying marking technology, the marking efficiency is high, the marking cost is low, the automatic marking device is suitable for batch production, made marks are uniform, the cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnetic steel is guaranteed to have high consistency, the labor intensity of workers is low, and the cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnetic steel can be automatically packaged after being marked, the position of the cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnetic steel will not be placed reversely, the actual polarity of the cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnetic steel after follow-up magnetization is guaranteed to be the same as the marked polarity, and the production qualification rate of the cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnetic steel is increased.