The invention relates to an elevator fault judgment method and an intelligent rescue device. The intelligent rescue device comprises a master controller, a brake, a door opener and a motor. The mastercontroller is connected with an encoder. When an elevator normally runs, the encoder and the motor synchronously rotate according to the time sequence and distance, pulse signals are sent to the master controller, a flat layer inductor and an induction device which are mutually inducted are included, the induction device is fixedly arranged at the position of a well flat layer, and the flat layerinductor is arranged at the corresponding position of an elevator car. The elevator fault judgment method is further included; firstly, the sufficient condition is about whether the pulse signals ofthe encoder are sent out or not; secondly, according to the necessary condition, the flat layer inductor does not have output signals; and the elevator is in a fault state when the necessary conditionand the sufficient condition are met at the same time, and the intelligent rescue device is started for achieving automatic rescue. Under the situation that the facility or communication protocol isnot increased, through collection of encoder signals and door area signals, when the sufficient condition and the necessary condition are met, the rescue device is started, and the purpose of intelligent rescue is achieved.