Solar energy sea water desalinization device based on reflection and total reflection

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar energy sea water desalinization device based on reflection and total reflection, and belongs to the technical field of solar energy heat collection and water treatment. The device is composed of an upper surface transparent film, a total reflection solid film with a gradually-varied wall thickness and hydrophilic capillary tubes; the plurality of devices can be arranged and combined to form multiple solar energy sea water desalinization films; the combined devices are floated on the sea surface for use. According to the invention, a capillary phenomenon is utilized to enable sea water to go up to the upper ends of the capillary tubes, sunlight enters through the upper surface layer transparent film, and is subjected to reflection or total reflection when being in contact with an inner surface, and finally the sunlight is gathered on the black hydrophilic fiber capillary tubes to generate heat energy to realize sea water evaporation. The convection and heat exchange of the raised water vapor and external air is realized through the upper surface layer transparent film, the water vapor is condensed to generate fresh water on the inner side of the transparent film, the fresh water slips through the inner wall of a reflecting surface, and flows into the lower part of a housing through water outlet holes in the wall of a supporting cylinder to be stored. The fresh water is conveyed to users after accumulation, and meanwhile, small-sized plant can be planted at sea.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a device for directly using solar energy to desalinate seawater on the sea surface and extract fresh water, and belongs to the technical fields of solar heat collection, seawater desalination and water treatment. Specifically, it is a device that utilizes solar energy to directly produce fresh water using a microstructure of a reflective and total reflective concentrator. Background technique [0002] There are many ways to extract fresh water from seawater, but there are two types that are relatively mature in technology at present, one is the membrane seawater desalination system using reverse osmosis membrane technology, and the other is the distillation seawater driven by heat energy Dilution system. Due to the high cost of osmotic membrane technology, the main reason is that the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane itself is not long, and it has defects such as large one-time investment and the need to consume con...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] (1) It needs to use solar photovoltaic power generation or solar collectors, and the manufacturing cost is very high, which is not conducive to popularization;

[0004] (2) There is a large stock of seawater in the existing device, and the system is not upgraded, which reduces the system efficiency;

[0005] (3) The raw water to be evaporated in the device is extracted from the sea, which consumes a certain amount of energy and has a great impact on the efficiency of the entire device;

[0006] (4) The existing solar seawater desalination device needs a large receiving area to collect solar energy, and the cost of land use is relatively high; therefore, overcoming the above four defects and strengthening the evaporation and condensation process is the key to improving the performance of the solar seawater desalination device majority direction

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