A method for rapidly creating new peanut germplasm

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for quickly creating novel peanut germplasm. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a peanut variety with relatively good disease resistance, adaptability and pod and seed kernel traits so as to improve excellent characteristics of the variety through mutagenesis, and soaking seeds by using distilled water; soaking the seeds in an EMS phosphate buffer solution, treating in running water, and airing; performing single-grain sowing, and performing single-plant harvesting at autumn; continuing single-grain and single-row sowing through off-season breeding or in the second season, harvesting single plant offsprings, and eliminating single plants of which the number of pods is smaller than; performing quality detection on the single plants by using a near-infrared instrument, and retaining variant test materials with outstanding quality characteristics in aspects of crude fat, crude protein, high oleic acid and the like; performing secondary mutagenesis on the seeds: mixing the seeds of which quality traits are superior to original quality traits, and repeating the mutagenesis. By the method, the EMS mutagenesis efficiency is improved, the creation of excellent peanut is quickened, and the development of peanut industry is promoted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for accelerating the creation of new varieties of peanuts, in particular to a method for repeatedly using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) to induce mutagenesis treatment of peanut seeds. Background technique [0002] Peanut cultivars ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is an allotetraploid crop whose genome is derived from wild species of peanut. The current research results show that the genetic polymorphism of cultivated peanut varieties is extremely low, and it is very difficult to breed breakthrough varieties purely relying on hybridization between varieties. Therefore, on the basis of conventional breeding work, domestic and foreign breeders have turned their attention to the research of mutation breeding. Ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) is an alkylating agent and the most widely used chemical mutagen with the best application effect. Alkylation of some bases, such as methylation of guanylic acid, affects the transcription of mR...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] There have been related reports on the use of EMS in peanuts. Due to the randomness of mutations, the proportion of beneficial mutations obtained by mutagenesis is relatively small. Therefore, in order to ensure the acquisition of beneficial mutations, the requirement is that the starting seed base of peanuts treated is relatively large. More than 10,000 seeds are required to mutagenize the M of the offspring 2 Generation and M 3 The generation occupies a very large area, and the field statistics and offspring quality analysis are cumbersome, which greatly increases manpower and material resources