A high-efficiency large-scale breeding method for livestock in plateau alpine zone

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency large-scale breeding method of livestock for the highland and alpine regions, and the method comprises the steps: the construction of a breeding greenhouse, breeding in a first birth period, breeding from 3 months to 6 months of development, breeding from 6 months to 12 months of development, and breeding from 12 months to 18 months of growing, breeding ina fattening period of more than 18 months, and the selection of the breeding mode of combining two or three modes for the various feeding stages: homeopathic captive breeding, grazing and supplementary feeding. The method achieves the cross matching practice of captive breeding, grazing and supplementary feeding of concentrated feed according to different growth stages of the livestock, reduces the death rate of livestock, is small in waste of winter lean body mass, is remarkable in summer topdressing effect, is short in breeding period, saves the production cost, employs different matching ratio and types of concentrated feeds for supplementary feeding according to different growth stages through combining with different weights, avoids the impact on the growth and development from the insufficient intake of protein during the pure pasturing, increases the weight of livestock, improves the feed reward and economic benefits, and effectively protects the steppe ecology.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to a high-efficiency large-scale breeding method for livestock in a plateau alpine zone. Background technique [0002] At present, the production method of animal husbandry in the plateau area still follows the traditional grazing method. At the same time, it also follows the growth method of livestock fat in summer, strong in autumn, thin in winter, and dead in spring. This method leads to the following results: First, heavy losses. Mortality loss, the mortality rate of cattle and sheep generally reaches 8%-10%, and most of them are females and young animals, and the mortality rate of newborn calves and lambs is even as high as 30%. If only 1 million cattle are calculated, the annual loss will reach 1.6 More than 100 million yuan; fat loss in winter, cattle and sheep lose weight in winter generally reaches 20%-25% of body weight, only calculated on the basis of 1 million...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] At present, the production method of animal husbandry in the plateau area still follows the traditional grazing method. At the same time, it also follows the growth method of livestock fat in summer, strong in autumn, thin in winter, and dead in spring. This method leads to the following results: First, heavy losses. Mortality loss, the mortality rate of cattle and sheep generally reaches 8%-10%, and most of them are females and young animals, and the mortality rate of newborn calves and lambs is even as high as 30%. If only 1 million cattle are calculated, the annual loss will reach 1.6 More than 100 million yuan; fat loss in winter, cattle and sheep lose weight in winter generally reaches 20%-25% of body weight, only calculated on the basis of 1 million cows with an average weight of 150 kg, each cow loses at least 30 kg of weight, worth 720 yuan, The annual loss of 1 million cattle is 720 million yuan; production loss, due to the malnutrition of the female calving in the spring, resulting in a low birth weight of the calving, which in turn makes the weight of the adult also light, which seriously affects the production efficiency; ecological loss, Due to the impact of the grassland being overloaded and trampled by livestock, the ecological environment has deteriorated rapidly and the phenomenon of grassland desertification and rocky desertification has further aggravated. This loss is immeasurable and will affect future generations

[0003] The second is serious waste. Only 20%-25% of the body weight lost in winter is equivalent to 80% of the weight gain during grazing, which is equivalent to 80% of the grass being eaten by livestock in summer and autumn. It was completely wasted, and no economic benefit was brought into play; if the mortality rate of cattle in spring is 8%-10%, if there are 100 cattle in the initial period, only 65 cattle can be slaughtered in 6 years, and the loss reaches 35%, which is not only economical The loss is a great waste of grassland resources; sports waste, grazing cattle and sheep move 6-8 kilometers a day, and in winter, there is a lack of forage and livestock starvation. In the vicious cycle of running and getting hungry, some cattle and sheep even fell to the ground and died while looking for food. The energy loss of transitional exercise every day reached 600-1000 kcal, which is more than 3 kg of grass energy

[0004] Third, the breeding cycle is long and the economic benefits are poor. The average slaughter time is 6-8 years, and some cattle can be more than 10 years. The quality of meat varies too much, and the market does not recognize it.

[0005] Fourth, the cycle of livestock grazing and the growth cycle of pasture grass cannot be combined instantaneously. Most pasture grazing is carried out randomly. Unable to achieve large-scale sustainable use

[0006] The above-mentioned traditional grazing and feeding methods lead to the situation that herdsmen have high assets but low income, and high-quality resources do not produce products with high-quality prices, resulting in inefficient use of resources and economic and ecological losses caused by repeated waste

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