775results about How to "Optimizing Process Parameters" patented technology

A method of imaging a pattern in a microlithographic exposure apparatus includes performing two exposures, each with a different mask, the superposition of the images defined by the two masks produces the complete circuit pattern. A dipolar illumination mode is used for each exposure, the dipoles of the two exposures being mutually perpendicular. The dipolar illumination mode of the first exposure is used to image mask features parallel to a first direction, and the dipolar illumination mode of the second exposure is used to image mask features perpendicular to the first direction.

The invention relates to a method for directly producing high-purity oxygen-free copper by pyrogenic process continuous refining of scrap copper, and belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy. The method comprises the following steps: by taking scrap copper as a raw material; analyzing the component characteristics of each batch of raw material, and then preparing into a mixture, wherein the mass percent of a copper element in the mixture is greater than or equal to 93%; adding metaphosphate or phosphorus pentoxide and flux to the mixture; refining by oxidation; stewing and drossing after oxidation is finished, and then orderly carrying out reduction refining and refining agent refining under an agitation state, so as to obtain the high-purity oxygen-free copper of which the copper content is greater than or equal to 99.95% and the oxygen content is smaller than 0.003%, wherein the electrical resistivity of the obtained copper wire after drawing is below 0.017241omega/(mm), and the relative electrical conductivity is over 100% of International annealed copper standard (IACS). The method is strong in flexibility, significant in refining effect, and applicable to different components of scrap copper materials; the scrap copper can be used for directly making a rod after being refined. Compared with the traditional pyrogenic process smelting-electrolytic refining-copper cathode purification process, the method disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that the flow is shortened, the cost is reduced, the energy is saved, and continuous operation is achieved.

The invention provides a high carbon high silicon martensite stainless steel billet. The steel billet is characterized by comprising the following components by weight percent: 0.41-0.47% of C, 2.80-3.20% of Si, 0.50-0.80% of Mn, 8.50-9.20% of Cr, 0.30% or less of Ni, 0.028% or less of P, 0.005% or less of S, 0.20% or less of W, 0.20% or less of Mo, 0.15% or less of V, 0.015% or less of Nb, 0.015% or less of Ti, 0.010% or less of Al and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities. The invention also provides a preparation method of the high carbon high silicon martensite stainless steel billet. The method comprises the following steps: performing primary smelting with an electric arc furnace (EAF), performing argon-oxygen decarburization (AOD) smelting, refining with a low frequency (LF) furnace, performing continuous casting, annealing and rolling. The method of the invention has simple operation, can stably control the quality of the continuous casting billet, completely suppresse cracks, overcome the defect of concentration of stress and increase the casting yield and quality stability of the martensite stainless steel.

The invention relates to silicon-slag microcrystalline glass and a preparation method thereof. Silicon smelting waste slag is taken as a major raw material, and silicon dioxide or silica sand (SiO2), fluorite (CaF2), limestone or calcite (CaCO3), industrial sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), zinc oxide (ZnO) and potassium carbonate (K2CO3) are taken as auxiliary raw materials, wherein the dosage of the silicon smelting waste slag in the raw materials of the microcrystalline glass is 26.0-75.0wt%. The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps of: evenly mixing cold-state silicon slag with other auxiliary raw materials in a blender mixer to obtain a basic mixed batch, melting the basic mixed batch into qualified glass liquid in a melting furnace, and then performing calendering, casting or water quenching on the glass liquid to form a basic glass plate or granules; finally, subjecting the basic glass plate to crystallization heat treatment to obtain the microcrystalline glass. The density of the microcrystalline glass is 2.5-2.8 g/cm<3>, the rupture strength of the microcrystalline glass is 30.0-103.5 MPa, the compressive strength of the microcrystalline glass is 70.0-903.0 MPa, the Moh's hardness of the microcrystalline glass is 5-8 and the abrasive resistance of the microcrystalline glass is 0.063-0.15 g/cm<2>; the silicon-slag microcrystalline glass can be widely applied to the fields such as chemical engineering, metallurgy, architectural ornament, petroleum, mine and machinery.

A high-quality regenerated rubber and its production are disclosed. It improves composition and proportion, it adopts high-temperature and pressure desulfurizing method in short time and refining process is added. The tensile strength and breaking extensibility can be increased by 30-60%; it can substitute natural rubber or synthetic rubber and be used as various tyre and raw material of rubber products. It's simple, efficient and smokeless, has excellent abrasive performance, long life, less noise and no refused water discharge.

The invention discloses a technology for treating landfill leachate, which comprises the steps of pretreatment, upflow type sludge bed reaction, nitrification and denitrification reaction, mud-water separation and membrane treating. The technology for treating landfill leachate treats the landfill leachate by comprehensively using physics and biochemistry method, which largely reduces the cost for treating the leachate, simultaneously promotes effluent water quality at large amplitude, and can be widely used for treating landfill leachate in a waste treatment plant.

The invention discloses a preparation process of a palladium electrode ion polymer and metal composite, which is used for preparing a palladium metal electrode IPMC (Ion Polymer Metal Composite) by using immersion reduction plating and chemical plating methods in which an ion exchange membrane is used as a matrix material and [Pd (NH3)4] C12 is used as a main salt. The preparation process comprises the following four main steps of: (1) pretreatment of the matrix membrane: carrying out roughening, surface cleaning, foreign ion removal and full swelling on the matrix membrane; (2) immersion reduction plating including two processes, i.e., ion exchange and ion reduction: subjecting a pretreated Nafion membrane to repeated palladium ion immersion and exchange, and reducing the pretreated Nafion membrane with NaBH4 by adopting ultrasonic waves to form palladium metals on the surface and the internal surface of the ion exchange membrane; (3) chemical plating: wherein the thickening electrodes on the outer surface of a core material to compact internal surface electrodes by using an improved chemical plating method; and (4) postprocessing of the composite. The preparation process has a higher popularization value due to relatively improved efficiency, relatively lower cost and excellent actuation response.

A method for continuous microwave expansion of cut tobacco comprises the following steps: impregnating the cut tobacco in an expanding agent; recycling the expanding agent in an impregnating device after impregnation; carrying out microwave expansion on the impregnated cut tobacco by a microwave dryer to obtain the expanded cut tobacco. The expanded cut tobacco comprises one or more than two components of ethanol with 4-12 carbon atoms, ketone with 4-12 carbon atoms, halogenether with 2-12 carbon atoms, alkane with 3-12 carbon atoms or alkane with 3-12 carbon atoms substituted by 2 halogen atoms. The filling value of the expanded cut tobacco reaches above 7.5, the cutting ratio is above 90%, the moisture content after expansion is 12-13%, the expansion of the cut tobacco is even without water damaged cut tobacco; the whole set of devices has low energy consumption and high automation, and continuous closed mass production can be carried out.

The invention discloses a wastepaper pulping and papermaking method, and relates to the technical field of testliner board. The method specifically adopts the devices such as a hydraulic pulper, a high-concentration desander, an unloading tower, a grading sieve slurry tank, a grading sieve, a filament first-stage slag remover, a filament multi-disk, a filament pulp tower, a bottom layer pre-papermaking tank, a staple grading sieve, a filament first-stage slag remover, a staple low-concentration desander, a staple multi-disc, a heat dispersion system, a staple pulp tower, a surface-layer pre-papermaking tank deduster, a bottom-layer headbox, a surface-layer headbox, a press section, a drying section, a sizing machine, a calender, a reeling machine, a re-reeling machine, and the like. The method has a high finished product conversion rate. With the method, 20000 tons of wastepaper can be saved per year, such that production cost can be reduced. Process parameters are optimized, such that unit product energy consumption is reduced, and energy is saved. Therefore, the production cost is further reduced.

The invention discloses a method for simultaneously recovering water and latent heat in high-humidity flue gas and a heat pump device, relating to the technique of energy-saving equipment. A heat exchanger is arranged in an absorber of the heat pump device, the top of the absorber is provided with a flue gas discharging pipe, the bottom of the absorber is provided with a dilute solution outlet, the side surface of the bottom is provided with a gas inlet pipe, the side surface of the top is provided with a concentrated solution inlet, and a concentrated solution pipeline is communicated with a spray head at the inner upper part of a cavity; the top of a regenerator is provided with a dilute solution inlet, the bottom of the regenerator is provided with a concentrated solution pipeline outlet, a gas-liquid heat exchanger is arranged in the regenerator, and an inlet and an outlet of the gas-liquid heat exchanger are communicated with a flue gas pipe; the flue gas pipe is communicated with the gas inlet pipe at the bottom of the absorber after passing through the regenerator; the bottom of the absorber is communicated with the regenerator through a dilute solution pipeline, in which a regulating valve is arranged; and the regenerator runs under negative pressure, and the bottom of the regenerator is communicated with the absorber through the concentrated solution pipeline, in which a solution pump is arranged. The method and the device directly recover the water and the latent heat in the flue gas and have the advantages of equipment simplification, better energy saving, environmental protection and economic benefit.

The invention relates to a ferrous alloy with strong performance of glass formation and a technique method for preparing the coating of the amorphous alloy, in particular to a preparation method of non-magnetic amorphous steel coating with the performance of high anticorrosion and wearing resistance. The method of the invention solves the problem that large brittleness is existed in Fe-based large bulk of amorphous alloy and is a restriction as the structural material to go to engineering application, while the invention causes the application of bulk amorphous alloy to surface engineering field (especially amorphous alloy coating) to be possible. By adopting the Fe-based bulk amorphous alloy to prepare Fe-based amorphous alloy coating, firstly, mater alloy is produced by a method of vacuum induction melting according to needed components; then gas atomization technology is adopted to prepare amorphous alloy powder; supersonic thermal spray technology is adopted to prepare Fe-based amorphous alloy coating. The non-magnetic amorphous steel coating with high anticorrosion performance and wearing resistance produced by the invention is uniform, has low void ratio (less than 0.1 percent), is non-magnetic and has the performance of high anticorrosion and wearing resistance as well as vast application prospect to shell material of ships.

The invention relates to a method for cast-rolling to produce aluminum substrates used in PS plates directly by electrolytic aluminum liquid; the main steps are as follows: electrolyzing the aluminum liquid under the high temperature, smelter hearth, adjusting element compositions, refining, conducting the furnace, adjusting the temperature to 740 DEG C to 750 DEG C, adding Al-Ti-B refiners to carry out the grain refinement, degassing, filtering, cast-rolling coils of strip, cool rolling, stretch bending and straightening, and producing finished products; various steps of the invention are synthesized to optimize technique parameters; the prepared aluminum substrates used in the PS plates is high in tensile strength and elongation, and the quality of the prepared aluminum substrates are better than that of similar products, thus omitting the remelting process when aluminum ingots are used, saving resources, reducing the production cost and increasing the economic and social benefits.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional multi-curvature part bending method. According to the method, the structural form of a section bending die and a suitable section bending machine are determined by analyzing the shape, size, bending angle and forming force of a part to be bent; a digital model of the part to be bent is subjected to curvature analysis through a computer; bending springback theoretical analysis is adopted, and a die profile springback compensation design is performed by a numerical simulation method through computer aided design. The bending of a section requires matched bending chuck, bending die and machine tool. The die is processed by a numerical control technology. A measuring machine is used for detecting and correcting the die to be processed, and an error between theory and actuality is reduced, so that the part manufacturing accuracy is improved. Dies for three-dimensional complicated parts can be formed on a two-dimensional bending machine, the bending pass is reduced, and repair or scraping of the bending dies is reduced, so that the part manufacturing cost is effectively reduced; moreover, the production efficiency is high.

The invention relates to a preparation method of permanent magnetic ferrite. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: burdening; mixing; pelletizing and pre-sintering; crushing; forming; sintering; and cooling to obtain the permanent magnetic ferrite. Through selecting raw materials, optimizing a technological parameter, such as controlling a pulverizing process, controlling a forming parameter, controlling a sintering schedule, controlling a cooling process, and the like in a preparation process, particularly, controlling ball-milling and secondary ball-milling process parameters, the residual magnetism Br of sintered ferrite is not less than 500mT, the coercive force Hcb of the sintered ferrite is not less than 310kA/m, the intrinsic coercive force Hcj of the sintered ferrite is not less than 410kA/m, and the maximum magnetic energy product (BH)max of the sintered ferrite is not less than 35kJ/m<3>.

The invention discloses an after-forging hydrogen diffusion and annealing method of a forging material, which is completed in an annealing furnace. For a large forging material, the after-forging hydrogen diffusion and annealing method comprises the following steps of: 1, normalizing a forged forging material at a temperature of 850-890 DEG C and remaining for 4-10h; 2, air-cooling the forging material normalized in the step 1 to 300-330 DEG C, remaining for 3-8h; 3, raising the temperature of the forging material air-cooled in the step 2 to 660-680 DEG C, homogenizing the temperature for 1-2h/100mm, insulating the heat; 4, air-cooling the forging material insulated in the step 3 to 400 DEG C and furnace-cooling to 300-330 DEG C and remaining for 6-8h, then raising the temperature of the forging material to 660-680 DEG C, homogenizing the temperature for 1-2h/100mm and then insulating the heat; and 5, cooling the forging material insulated by temperature homogenization in the step 4 to below 200 DEG C and discharging, wherein the total time of the heat insulation in the steps 3 and 4 is 7-16h/100mm. The after-forging hydrogen diffusion and annealing method is simple in process and strong in adaptability for the large-specification forging material, and avoids the white dot defect of the forging material.

The invention discloses a method for overlaying a wear-resistant layer of a blade shroud of a turbine working blade. In the method, manual tungsten electrode argon arc welding is used, and the specific process parameters meet the requirements that: welding wires are selected from a T800 cobalt-based wear-resistant alloy welding wire which is researched according to a B50TF193 standard of AmericanGeneral Electric Company and an S-6 cobalt-based wear-resistant alloy welding wire which is researched according to an American metal society standard AMS5788; the diameters are phi 1.6mm and phi 1.2mm respectively; a mark and the diameter of a tungsten electrode are WCe20 and phi 2.0mm; the diameter of a nozzle is phi 12mm; welding current is between 20 and 25A; and the flow rate of protective gas is between 10L/min and 12L/min. By the method, the condition of incomplete penetration or over-melting of a Z-shaped gear switching part R is avoided, the problem of overheating of welding is also solved, and the occurrence probability of welding cracks is greatly reduced or avoided. The method completely meets the requirements of the wear-resistant layer in a high-temperature working state after welding.

The invention which belongs to the light-cured material field relates to a clean production method of DPGDA or TPGDA. The method concretely comprises the following steps: 1, carrying out esterification reflux dehydration on dipropylene glycol/tripropylene glycol, acrylic acid, a catalyst, a solvent, a polymerization inhibitor and an antioxidant; 2, adding sodium hydroxide and a small amount of water to neutralize; 3, adding a magnesium polysilicate adsorbent to adsorb a salt generated through neutralization; 4, carrying out reduced pressure dehydration and desolventization; 5, press-filtering to filter out magnesium polysilicate and the salt absorbed thereby; 6, adding alkaline calcium bentonit and calcium oxide to decolor, remove trace water and remove trace acids; 7, press-filtering; and 8, carrying out product index detection. The clean production method of the DPGDA or the TPGDA of the invention, which has the advantages of high yield, economic benefit possessing and environmental benefit possessing, fundamentally solves an organic wastewater pollution problem in the production process of the DPGDA or the TPGDA.

The present invention provides a preparation method of bamboo pulp, belonging to the field of chemical fiber technology. Said method includes the following steps: obliquely cutting bamboo strip material into the form of horseshoe, the chip cross-section spacing distance is 20-40 mm, then prehydrolyzing the prepared bamboo strip, adding alkali and cooking, removing sand, making one-stage or two-stage bleaching treatment, making the bleached pulp material undergo the processes of acid treatment, concentration and pulping so as to obtain the invented bamboo pulp. Said bamboo pulp can be used for producing viscose fibre.

The invention discloses a high-strength and high-elasticity-modulus casting Mg-RE alloy and a preparation method thereof. The casting Mg-RE alloy comprises 8-14wt% of Gd, 2-6wt% of Y, 1-5wt% of Zn, 0.5-2.5wt% of Si, 0.4-1wt% of Zr, the impurity elements of Fe, Cu and Ni and the balance of Mg, wherein the total content of the impurity elements of Fe, Cu and Ni is smaller than 0.02wt%. The preparation method includes the steps of smelting and heat treatment. According to the preparation method, Si is added and reacts with Mg and RE in an MG alloy to generate a high-elasticity-modulus Si-containing phase, meanwhile, Zn is added and reacts with Mg and RE in the Mg alloy to generate a stable eutectic phase, in this way, the crystallization range of an alloy melt is reduced, melt fluidity is improved, and accordingly through the following corresponding heat treatment process, the alloy has high room-temperature strength and elasticity modulus.