The invention discloses a method and device for reducing oil mist leakage of an airtight machining chamber. After a tool inside the airtight machining chamber of a numerical control machine tool or aCNC machining center stops rotating, and before a part taking door is opened, a device with changeable volume is taken for use, the device with changeable volume is enlarged in volume to generate negative pressure inside so as to suck oil mist from the inside of the airtight machining chamber and stores the oil mist inside temporarily, and then less oil mist leaks out of the airtight machining chamber while the part taking door is open; and after a machined part in the airtight machining chamber is taken away, a worker places a raw material to be machined well, and the part taking door is closed, the device with the changeable volume discharges the oil mist stored inside out, the oil mist flows back into the airtight machining chamber, then the whole cycle of oil mist suction and backflowis completed, and it is implemented that the oil mist is transferred while the part taking door of the machining chamber is open. The device for reducing oil mist leakage of the airtight machining chamber is composed of an oil mist collection port, an oil mist collection pipe, an oil mist buffer, an oil mist backflow pipe and an oil mist backflow port. According to the method and device for reducing oil mist leakage of the airtight machining chamber, because the oil mist is temporarily transferred but not purified locally, and oil mist leakage while the part taking door of the machining chamber is open is reduced with relatively low cost.