The invention provides a raster-vector geographic data reversible decryption method based on a trigonometric function. The method comprises the steps of building a trigonometric function model, calculating trigonometric function model parameters and building a decryption model according to original raster-vector geographic data, adopting the decryption model for performing decryption on the raster-vector geographic data, building a recovery model according to decryption model parameters, and adopting the recovery model for recovering the decrypted raster-vector geographic data. On the premise that the vector data topological relation is maintained unchanged, the excellent function characteristics of the trigonometric function are sufficiently utilized, and a decryption error is controlled by adjusting the amplitude; by keeping the model periodicity, and it is ensured that decryption data changes uniformly and the topology is kept good; by maintaining that an arbitrary order is derivable, the decryption effect is smooth and advanced gradually; the model attack resistance is improved, it is ensured that the decrypted data has the high safety, and has the advantages of being reversible and efficient in decryption, and technical supports can be provided for security, secrecy and sharing using of raster-vector geographic data.