152 results about "Energy sensing" patented technology

There is provided a planar inductive battery charging system designed to enable electronic devices to be recharged. The system includes a planar charging module having a charging surface on which a device to be recharged is placed. Within the charging module and parallel to the charging surface is at least one and preferably an array of primary windings that couple energy inductively to a secondary winding formed in the device to be recharged. The invention also provides secondary modules that allow the system to be used with conventional electronic devices not formed with secondary windings.

There is provided a planar inductive battery charging system designed to enable electronic devices to be recharged. The system includes a planar charging module having a charging surface on which a device to be recharged is placed. Within the charging module and parallel to the charging surface is at least one and preferably an array of primary windings that couple energy inductively to a secondary winding formed in the device to be recharged. The invention also provides secondary modules that allow the system to be used with conventional electronic devices not formed with secondary windings.

A novel and useful low power Bluetooth page and inquiry scan mechanism. Efficient and low power page and inquiry scans are performed by measuring the energy received at each frequency and comparing it to a threshold. If the energy sensed is greater than the threshold, normal Bluetooth page or inquiry scans are then performed within the scan window. The energy sensing is done by quickly sweeping the receiver in the radio over all 79 Bluetooth frequencies in less than 68 μs at least 19 times in order to cover at least 1.25 ms thus ensuring capturing any page or inquiry message transmissions. For noisy environments, a mechanism is provided to turn frequency sweeping off until interference is at a low enough level to reduce the number of false positive detections to an acceptable level.

Systems and methods for grouping mesh networks. Mesh networks enable energy data to be transferred from an energy sensing device to a destination device using various networks and reduces the need to install metering stations. Embodiments of the invention join or group mesh networks that otherwise are not able to communicate. The connections between the grouped mesh networks can be passive using directional antennas or passive antennas or active using higher power RF devices, solar repeaters, mobile mesh devices, etc. The energy data is routed in a smart manner, by performing load balancing at gateways, by monitoring the signal to noise ratio of available communication paths, etc. Mesh clusters can also be created to define low power clusters, address blocking clusters, and frequency based clusters. Grouping clusters facilitates the efficient transfer of energy data from an energy sensing device to a energy management station.

Systems and methods for grouping mesh networks. Mesh networks enable energy data to be transferred from an energy sensing device to a destination device using various networks and reduces the need to install metering stations. Embodiments of the invention join or group mesh networks that otherwise are not able to communicate. The connections between the grouped mesh networks can be passive using directional antennas or passive antennas or active using higher power RF devices, solar repeaters, mobile mesh devices, etc. The energy data is routed in a smart manner, by performing load balancing at gateways, by monitoring the signal to noise ratio of available communication paths, etc. Mesh clusters can also be created to define low power clusters, address blocking clusters, and frequency based clusters. Grouping clusters facilitates the efficient transfer of energy data from an energy sensing device to a energy management station.

The Internet of vehicles distributes computing tasks between a remote cloud and a local vehicle-mounted terminal to improve vehicle services. In order to further reduce the delay and transmission costof computing unloading, the invention provides a cloud-based MEC (Mobile Edge Computing) unloading framework. MEC brings the computing capacity to a mobile network edge close to intelligent mobile equipment; compared with local computing, the MEC contributes to saving energy, but leads to network load increase and transmission delay. In order to research a balance between the energy consumption and the delay, the invention provides an energy-sensing unloading scheme. The scheme is to co-optimize communication and computing resource distribution under limited energy and sensitive delay. In thetext, a multi-cell MEC network scene is considered. Residual energy of a vehicle battery is introduced into a definition of a weighing factor of the energy consumption and the delay. For an MINLP (Mixed Integer Non-Linearity Problem) of the computing unloading and resource distribution, an original NP (Network Performance) difficult problem is decoupled into problems on seeking power and subcarrier distribution and unloading tasks.

A system is disclosed which comprises an implantable electrical medical device (100) with an internal energy receiver (102). The system also comprises an external energy source (104) located externally for supplying wireless energy to the internal energy receiver (102). The external energy source (104) has a primary coil (11) for transmitting energy inductively to a first secondary coil (10) in the energy receiver (102). The system is arranged to measure parameters related to a first coupling factor (C1) between the primary and the first secondary coil (10), and the external energy source (104) is adapted to transmit energy to the energy receiver (102) for enabling the medical device (100) to detect information related to the first coupling factor (C1). The medical device (100) is adapted to wirelessly send feedback information related to said first coupling factor (C1) to the external energy source (104) with the external energy source (104) being arranged to receive the feedback information and to perform a predetermined action based on said feedback information.

There is provided a planar inductive battery charging system designed to enable electronic devices to be recharged. The system includes a planar charging module having a charging surface on which a device to be recharged is placed. Within the charging module and parallel to the charging surface is at least one and preferably an array of primary windings that couple energy inductively to a secondary winding formed in the device to be recharged. The invention also provides secondary modules that allow the system to be used with conventional electronic devices not formed with secondary windings.

The invention relates to a topology control method for wireless sensor network based on uneven cluster, belong to sensor technical field, comprising: during the topology generating stage, introducing an uneven minimum mean square subtraction clustering mechanism on a finished cluster in order to reduce energy consumption of in-cluster node; using a strategy based on cluster head energy consumption for setting cluster head changing time, in order to equalize energy consumption on each cluster head node in the network; establishing a cluster head-cluster head energy sensing route, in order to avoid remote wireless transmission; during topology maintenance stage, using a cluster head selection scheme based on node surplus energy and in-cluster node distribution, and using the same strategy to set cluster changing time. With the realization of the method, it can reduce total network energy consumption and equalize energy consumption on each node, in order to prolong cooperative working time of most nodes in the network.

The invention discloses a wireless sensor network (WSN) network architecture with cooperative sensing energy-efficient, which comprises the following steps that: A. clustering is made, that each node becomes a cluster head or a cluster member is confirmed; B. a tree topology reaching a sink node is formed among the cluster heads, the synchronism among the cluster heads is finished, and the cluster head nodes collect the data in the clusters and then makes multi-hop forwarding to the sink node; C. when a multi-sensor is needed to cooperatively sense a target, the related nodes near the target enter a cooperative sensing state and interact the information on the other channel, and a route with data as a center is used among the nodes to finish the positioning and the tracking of the target. The wireless sensor network (WSN) network architecture has the characteristics of whole data convergence, local cooperative sensing and data fusion of the wireless sensor network, can effectively decrease the energy consumption of the communication, can also assure the flexibility of the cooperative sensing, and is a wireless sensor network architecture with energy-efficient cooperative sensing.

A substrate processing system is provided with a housing defining a process chamber. A substrate holder is disposed within the process chamber and configured to support a substrate during substrate processing. A gas delivery system is configured to introduce a gas into the process chamber. A pressure-control system is provided for maintaining a selected pressure within the process chamber. A high-density-plasma generating system is operatively coupled with the process chamber and includes a coil for inductively coupling energy into a plasma formed within the process chamber. It also includes magneto-dielectric material proximate the coil for concentrating a magnetic field generated by the coil. A controller is also provided for controlling the gas-delivery system, the pressure-control system, and the high-density-plasma generating system.

The invention discloses a building indoor environment optimization method based on the model order reduction technology. The method mainly includes the three steps: (1) using CFD (computational fluid dynamics) software for steady-state simulation of the indoor environment, and constructing variation spaces of various environmental parameters; 2) reconstructing low-order parameter variation subspaces by the aid of the POD (proper orthogonal decomposition) technology; and 3) searching the optimal air conditioner air supply temperature and the optimal air conditioner air supply speed by operating the genetic algorithm. The variation subspaces of the indoor environmental parameters are constructed by the aid of the POD technology, so that influences of spatial distribution on the environmental parameters are considered fully in an optimizing strategy, and optimization accuracy is improved. The POD model order reduction method maps a control equation in an original space into one orthogonal subspace, and accordingly mapping error can be guaranteed to minimum in the energy sense. Besides, compared with a present environment optimization strategy, the building indoor environment optimization method based on the model order reduction technology has the advantages of high optimization precision, high speed and the like.

Detection and reporting techniques for collisions between transmitters of two different radio access technologies (RATs) transmitting in a shared radio frequency spectrum band is described. The collision may occur following a listen-before-talk procedure but prior to transmission of data, and may not affect the reception of the transmitted data. Collisions may be detected using for example, energy sensing, preamble or ready-to-send (RTS) signal detection, or unsuccessful decoding of all or part of a channel reservation signal. A transmitting device may determine a collision has occurred by detecting an energy level during a preamble transmission is greater than a threshold level or by detecting that an energy level during a transmission gap of a time-domain energy pattern is above a threshold level. A receiving device, such as a user equipment (UE), that detects the collision may report the collision to the transmitter.

A system for detecting leaks in sealed compartments, such as vehicles, comprises a transmitter, at least one sensor, and logic. In one embodiment, the transmitter is disposed within a vehicle and has a wireless communication interface and a transducer. The transducer is configured to transmit energy within a specified frequency range. The sensor is disposed outside of the vehicle and is configured to sense energy transmitted by the transducer. The sensor is further configured to provide a plurality of sample values, and each of the sample values is indicative of a respective amount of energy sensed by the sensor within the specified frequency range. The logic is configured to detect at least one leak in the vehicle based on the sample values and to provide an output indicative of the detected leak. The logic is configured to transmit, to the wireless communication interface, a wireless signal for controlling the transmitter.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method by which a wireless communication device including a plurality of antennas transmits and receives a wireless signal in an unlicensed band in a wireless communication system comprises the steps of: performing a clear channel assessment (CCA) by using the plurality of antennas for a predetermined time interval in the unlicensed band; and transmitting the wireless signal through the unlicensed band when it is determined that the unlicensed band is in an idle state in which the unlicensed band is not occupied by other wireless communication devices, wherein the step of performing the CCA can comprise the steps of: acquiring one reference value by using energy sensing indicators (ESIs) measured through the plurality of antennas; and comparing the reference value with a CCA threshold value so as to determine whether the unlicensed band is in an idle state.

A sensor and method for widening a dynamic range of sensor circuitry for sensing energy, such as light energy. The sensor circuitry includes a sensor and recharge circuitry for sharing additional charge with the sensor as needed during an integration period. Readout circuitry is provided to read out, after the integration period, the sense voltage remaining across the sensor and recharge information indicating whether the recharge circuitry shared charge with the sensor during the integration period. The sense voltage and recharge information read out of the sensor circuitry is used in a function to determine the total amount of energy sensed by the sensor during the integration period.

The invention discloses an energy-saving metering and control system based on the technology of Internet of things. The system is mainly composed of four modules, namely a energy collection module, a data transmission module, a data processing and control center and a system software, wherein the energy acquisition module comprises a energy sensing node and a collector; the data transmission module comprises a data transmission network using an RS232 interface for connection; the data processing center is composed of a database server, a data query module and a data analysis module which are connected together through a data bus; the collector of the energy collection module is connected with the data transmission module through the RS232 interface in the modes such as infrared communication and radio frequency identification; and the data transmission module transmits data to the data bus through GPRS DTU, GSM, CDMA and China Mobile and China Unicom public networks. The system of the invention utilizes the technology of Internet of things to integrate each energy metering, realize the integral combination control and achieve the aim of energy-saving and emission reduction.

An electrosurgical system is disclosed. The system includes an electrosurgical instrument having at least one electrode configured as a first sensor for measuring a voltage drop therethrough and a temperature sensor for a thermal sensor configured to measure a temperature difference across the at least one electrode; and a generator including an output stage coupled to the at least one electrode, the output stage configured to generate radio frequency energy; and a controller configured to determine actual radio frequency current based on the voltage drop and electrical resistivity of the at least one electrode and radio frequency power based on the measured temperature difference and the thermal conductivity of the at least one electrode.

The invention discloses a cognitive radio power allocation method based on joint optimization of energy efficiency and spectral efficiency, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communicationresource allocation. The method comprises the following steps: 1. a cognitive user adopts an energy sensing method to perform spectrum sensing to obtain a detection probability and a false alarm probability of the cognitive user; 2. under the constraints of the average transmitting power of the cognitive user, the average interference power of a primary user and a detection probability threshold,an optimization model P1 of maximum energy efficiency and spectral efficiency is established; 3, optimization model P1 is equivalently converted; and 4. optimal power allocation, maximum energy efficiency and maximum spectral efficiency are solved to obtain the optimal power allocation and the maximum energy efficiency spectrum efficiency. By adoption of the cognitive radio power allocation method disclosed by the invention, the optimal perceptual time and the optimal power allocation can be performed while satisfying the spectral efficiency of the cognitive network and maximizing the energyefficiency of the cognitive user, and the optimal perceptual time and the optimal power allocation can also be performed while satisfying the energy efficiency of the cognitive network and maximizingthe spectral efficiency of the cognitive user .

The invention provides an energy pickup device for a robotic fish, which is characterized by comprising a non-contact charging induction coil arranged in the robotic fish and an active coil array arranged on the bottom of a fish tank, wherein the active coil array is communicated with an external power source through a power control board and a plug; the active coil array is used for generating electromagnetic waves; and the non-contact charging induction coil can be coupled with an active coil, output of the non-contact charging induction coil is connected with a rechargeable battery through a rectifier voltage stabilizing circuit module which can convert alternating current into a stabilized voltage direct current, and the non-contact charging induction coil is used for converting the electromagnetic wave energy sensed from the active coil into direct current to provide power source energy for the robotic fish. The robotic fish can be charged in a non-contact mode through the energy pickup device very conveniently and effectively without changing the battery, thus the trouble of changing the battery for the robotic fish frequently by an operator is solved, and the maintenance cost of the robotic fish at ordinary times is reduced, and no pollution is caused.

A method of detecting an attempted lock bumping and providing a notification that an attempted lock bumping has occurred. A lock bumping detection device is placed on or in a door or door jamb near the lock. The device includes a sensor which senses energy and generates a signal that is processed to determine if the energy is a result of a lock bumping procedure. The sensed energy is analyzed to generate a received energy signature, which is compared to a stored energy signature with respected to qualifying and disqualifying rules. If the result of the comparison is positive, this indicates that the energy sensed is a result of an attempted lock bumping procedure. In the event that it is determined that the energy is a result of an attempted lock bumping procedure, then an alarm signal may be transmitted to an associated alarm system.

The invention discloses a distributed fault-tolerant topology control method based on dump energy sensing. The distributed fault-tolerant topology control method based on the dump energy sensing mainly solves the problem that balance of dump energy between nodes and network topology fault-tolerant capability can not be guaranteed at the same time in the prior art. The distributed fault-tolerant topology control method based on the dump energy sensing comprises the steps of broadcasting a HELLO package of each node in a network and receiving the HELLO package of an initial neighbor node, and establishing a local topology subgraph; construing a shortest path tree based on the local topology subgraph and according to link cost weight and constructing a local k communication generation subgraph by traversing all directed edges according to distance weight from small to large; adjusting emission power according to a one-hop neighbor node in the local k communication generation subgraph, and connecting non-logic neighbor nodes within the emission power range; and finally construing a whole network topology according to all the nodes in the network and links between the nodes and the logic neighbor nodes. The process can be repeatedly executed according to the updating cycle T of the topology. The distributed fault-tolerant topology control method based on the dump energy sensing has the advantages that life cycle of the network is prolonged, and fault-tolerant capability of the network is enhanced. The distributed fault-tolerant topology control method based on the dump energy sensing can be applied to a wireless self-organizing network.

A method for energy sense medium access control protocol implementation is used in power restriction and low service rate wireless sensor network. It is an improved high efficiency energy-saving TDMA system based MAC protocol method under DEANA protocol basic. It demands node automatically entering sleeping state in inactive time for saving energy and demands working in clustering partitioning topology structure, temperament density, and light network load condition, distributing different sub-time slot to different node in one frame for satisfying channel continuously transmitting different grouping requirement. Said invention can effectively save system node power consumption, raising network operating efficiency, relatively reducing node state conversion times, in favor of prolonging wireless sensor network service life.

A bio-nano-chip (BNC) technology that works in connection with non-invasive samples, such as saliva, cheek swab or urine samples that can be easily performed by non-specialists, such as security personnel and police officers is disclosed. The microfluidic system for drug testing includes an analyzer or reader having a housing containing a slot for receiving a cartridge, a drug testing cartridge, a processor having a user interface, an optical or energy sensing means, and a means for moving fluid.

The invention belongs to the technical field of a cognitive heterogeneous network and discloses a cognitive heterogeneous network power distribution method based on cooperative spectrum sensing and disturbance constraints. A cognitive heterogeneous network system model cooperates with other nodes to carry out spectrum sensing by use of multiple center secondary user nodes, a CSU cooperates with other PSU nodes to perform spectrum sensing, and an energy detection threshold is introduced, such that while the idle channel detection accuracy is improved, detection energy consumption is saved; by use of a joint operation equation for maximizing a data rate, optimal emission power is distributed to nodes under restricted constraints of disturbance power, such that the disturbance degree is reduced and the network throughput is optimized; and an experimental simulation result indicates that compared to a cooperative spectrum sensing distribution strategy algorithm based on clustering and an energy sensing competitive power distribution algorithm based on QoS constraints, the network throughput is improved by 3.4% and 1.5% respectively, and the average spectrum utilization rate is improved by 9.3% and 7.4% respectively.

A device implemented with the present invention senses and converts unseeable electromagnetic (EM) energy such as high frequency radio, infrared, ultraviolet, etc. to an image in the human visual spectrum (red to violet—i.e. the rainbow). The size of the image and quality of the image is improved by rotating or oscillating the sensors in order to scan a broader array of electrometric energy.The electromagnetic radiation detector (EMR) comprises: a sensor circuit that generates EMR signals of the scanned electromagnetic energy of the desired band of electromagnetic spectrum. The EMR detector further comprises processors that convert the EMR signals into image data that is used to generate the visible image of the scanned electromagnetic energy; and a motor that allows the sensor circuit to scan the electromagnetic energy. The sensor circuit may be a plug-in PCB module to allow ready selection of the desired frequency band.

A process and system for flame detection includes a microprocessor-controlled detector with a first sensor for sensing temporal energy in a first optical frequency range, and a second sensor for sensing temporal energy in a second optical frequency range. The temporal energy sensed in the respective first and second optical frequency ranges are transformed into respective first and second spectra of frequency components. A compensated spectrum of frequency components is generated by performing a frequency bin subtraction of the first and second spectra of frequency components. The compensated spectrum represents the energy emitted from the environment with energy emitted from false alarm sources. An average amplitude and centroid of the compensated spectrum are obtained and used to determine if a monitored phenomenon represents an unwanted fire situation. The compensated spectrum can be compared to reference compensated spectra of frequency components generated from known unwanted fire sources and known false alarm sources.

The invention provides a resource selection method and device for internet of vehicles V2X communication. The method comprises the steps that UE performs signal detection and / or energy sensing on a preset resource set; the UE determines a resource or a resource set for sending a wireless signal according to a signal detection and / or energy sensing result; and the UE uses the determined resource tosend the wireless signal or selects a resource from the resource set to send the wireless signal. Through adoption of the method, the UE keeps V2P communication and V2X communication reliable, further, power efficiency of the UE is improved, so that the power is saved.

The invention provides a multi-path routing algorithm based on energy sensing reliability, which comprises the following steps: judging the reliability of links at first to select a link for data transmission, and collecting and promptly updating cost information of the path; forming a set of paths towards a target node, calculating the predicted function value for cost balance of the paths, and arranging the paths in an ascending order; selecting paths with disjoining nodes from a set of the paths; and utilizing the predicted function value to selecte an optimal path which satisfies the reliability criteria and leads to the target node. The algorithm guarantees the routing stability and reliability, reduces the energy consumption of the network, represents a comprehensive solution to the problem of criteria for sequencing path parameters, and has high practicability in the high-mobility wireless independent network environment.