Oryza sativa breeding method by microwave plasma treatment

Abstract

The invention relates to an oryza sativa breeding method by microwave plasma treatment. The oryza sativa breeding method includes: treating oryza sativa breeding materials in a microwave plasma seed treating apparatus with appropriate power, measuring a flowering habit and disease resistance of a sterile line by planting and screening at proper time, comparing yields and qualities of the oryza sativa breeding materials, selecting sterile-line materials long in flowering phase and selfing lines high in resistance according to a breeding aim, breeding by conventional breeding means including selfing, backcrossing, test mating and the like, adopting molecule marking and isoenzyme authentication to assist breeding, selectively breeding to obtain stable oryza sativa parents materials, subjecting the parents materials to hybrid testing and matching to obtain oryza sativa hybridized combinations, and performing resistance identification test and variety comparison test to finally obtain new high-yielding oryza sativa species. The oryza sativa breeding method by microwave plasma treatment has the advantages that flowering time of the sterile lines can be prolonged, yield and resistance ofthe oryza sativa can be improved, quality can be improved, a breeding period can be shortened, and the new oryza sativa species excellent in comprehensive characters can be bred.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a rice breeding method, in particular to a rice breeding method treated with microwave plasma, and belongs to the field of agriculture. Background technique [0002] Rice (Oryza sativa) is an annual, gramineous plant with monocotyledonous leaves. It likes temperature and humidity. When it is mature, it is about 1 meter high. The leaves are slender, about 50 to 100 cm long and 2 to 2.5 cm wide. The flowers of rice are very small. When blooming, the main flowering branches will be arched, and small flowers will bloom between 30 and 50 mm down from the branches. Most of them are self-pollinating and set seeds, which are called rice spikes. Typical rice grains are 5 to 12 mm long and 2 to 3 mm thick. Rice is a self-pollinated crop with single flower and single fruit. The use of heterosis is inseparable from the male sterile line. The success of hybrid rice breeding in my country began with the three-line sterile line. The improvem...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Rice is a self-pollinated crop with single flower and single fruit, and the utilization of heterosis is inseparable from the male sterile line. The success of hybrid rice breeding in my country began with the three-line sterile line, but twists and turns occurred after many years of development: the neglect of the right The improvement of the breeding line overestimates the genetic vulnerability that may be caused by a single wild cytoplasm. After the selection of the maintainer line, the transfer of the sterile line, and the long breeding cycle of the configuration of the excellent combination, the improvement of the traits of the sterile line may not be guaranteed. and the effectiveness of improving synergy

The selection and breeding of the three-line CMS have achieved some partial improvement, but most of them have some obvious shortcomings: such as the inconsistency between rice quality and resistance, or the difficulty in seed production due to good combining ability, and severe and strong germination on the ears. shattering, etc.

The application of this technology in agricultural breeding is still a new research field at home and abroad, and there is no research and report on microwave plasma in rice breeding.

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