Loading and unloading device and method for load test of large structural member

Abstract

The invention discloses a loading and unloading device for a load test of a large structural member. A graded loading and unloading mechanism is mounted at a loading end; when a certain loading pointis loaded or unloaded, the jack only needs to be installed between the distributive girder of the loading point and the large structural member, a gap is formed between the distributive girder and thelarge structural member through extension of the jack, and accurate loading or unloading is achieved by controlling the total thickness of the inserted or taken-out base plate. Correspondingly, the invention further discloses a loading and unloading method for the load test of the large structural member. The loading and unloading device is adopted, the loading step and the unloading step are carried out in multiple rounds, graded loading and graded unloading are achieved, when loading or unloading is carried out on a certain loading point, due to the fact that the single-time force application is small, too large loads cannot be added to the adjacent pull rods, the safety of the pull rods can be guaranteed, anchor retreating and unloading operation is easy and convenient, and the workingefficiency is greatly improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a load test device, in particular to a loading and unloading device and method for the load test of large structural members. Background technique [0002] Load test is a technical activity in the field of engineering to test the reliability of important large structural components (generally referring to components with a length greater than 30m). The load test has high technical requirements, complicated process, and high risks to personnel and equipment, so it must be operated in strict accordance with reliable procedures. [0003] For important large-scale structural components, such as long-span beams and slabs, the common method of load test is symmetrical lateral placement, symmetrical self-anchor loading, and according to the number of loading points, multiple tie rods are used to apply and lock the loading force. The process is generally applied in stages according to the set procedure. The large-span beam-slab load ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Large-span beam and slab load tests have a very large loading tonnage, and conventional single-beam (slab) vertical loading methods require huge counter force anchoring devices, resulting in high costs, especially for prototype tests.

Moreover, there are often many loading points in the test (multiple loading points generally refer to more than 5 loading sections on a single beam (slab)), and the single point force is huge (such as hundreds of tons), requiring a large number of pulling machines, which further increases the cost

[0004] Moreover, the unloading process of the long-span beam-slab load test is often more complicated. Generally, a single tie rod cannot be released directly, otherwise the load on the adjacent tie rods may increase, and in severe cases, the tie rods may be overloaded. Level unloading, unloading is more time-consuming and laborious than loading

Theoretically, if each loading point has a loading jack, the problem of loading and unloading can be solved, but as many as dozens of large-tonnage loading equipment are required, and the cost is extremely high

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