Electrochemical decontamination electrolyte and preparation method and application thereof

一种电解液、电化学的技术，应用在电化学去污电解液及其制备领域，能够解决二次废液难以处理、去污效果差、电解液不适用等问题，达到放射性污染小的效果

Active Publication Date: 2021-01-05
SICHUAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENG CO LTD CNNC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0011] In short, the current electrochemical decontamination of radioactively contaminated waste stainless steel has the problems of unsuitable electrolyte, poor decontamination effect, and difficult to deal with secondary waste liquid.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

preparation example Construction

[0031] The present invention provides a method for preparing the electrochemical decontamination electrolyte described in the above scheme, comprising the following steps: mixing phosphoric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, hydrogen peroxide, glacial acetic acid and water to obtain the electrochemical decontamination electrolyte.

[0032] The present invention has no special requirements on the mixing method. Using a mixing method well known to those skilled in the art can completely dissolve each raw material and mix them uniformly; the reagents used to prepare the electrolyte are preferably industrially pure reagents.

[0033] The present invention also provides the application of the electrochemical decontamination electrolyte described in the above scheme in the decontamination of radioactively polluted waste stainless steel. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the application is preferably: adding an electrochemical decontamination electrolyte i...

Embodiment 1

[0038] The electrochemical decontamination electrolyte of the present invention is used to electrochemically decontaminate radioactively contaminated waste stainless steel. The electrolyte used consists of: phosphoric acid: 60wt%, oxalic acid: 5g / L, citric acid: 2g / L, tartaric acid: 1g / L, hydrogen peroxide: 2.5g / L, glacial acetic acid: 5g / L, solvent is water.

[0039] Add an appropriate amount of the above-mentioned electrolyte in the electrolytic cell, immerse the part of the radioactively contaminated stainless steel sheet to be decontaminated in the electrolyte, connect the radioactively contaminated stainless steel sheet to the anode, and use a 24V pulse power supply with a current density of 0.5-2A / cm 2 , electrolyze for 120s, and then use deionized water to rinse the decontaminated stainless steel sheet. The measured weight loss of the stainless steel sheet is 6.4mg / cm 2 , the measured surface radioactivity level of stainless steel sheet is: α pollution is lower than t...

Embodiment 2

[0042] Adopt electrochemical decontamination electrolyte solution of the present invention to carry out electrochemical decontamination to radioactively polluted waste stainless steel, the composition of adopted electrolyte solution is: phosphoric acid: 45%, oxalic acid: 5g / L, citric acid: 10g / L, tartaric acid: 2g / L, hydrogen peroxide: 2.5g / L, glacial acetic acid: 5g / L, solvent is water.

[0043] The operating method of electrolytic decontamination is the same as that of Example 1, and the weight loss of the stainless steel sheet measured is 8.0 mg / cm 2 , the measured radioactivity level on the surface of the rust steel sheet is: α pollution is lower than the detection line, β pollution 2 , meeting the reuse requirements.

[0044] The waste liquid and waste slag produced by electrolysis are sent to the vitrification system for the preparation of iron phosphate glass.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of radioactive waste treatment, and provides an electrochemical decontamination electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof. The electrochemical decontamination electrolyte is an aqueous solution, and solutes are prepared from phosphoric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, hydrogen peroxide and glacial acetic acid. Accordingto the electrochemical decontamination electrolyte and the preparation method and application thereof, the types of solutes of the electrochemical decontamination electrolyte are reasonably matched, and the dosage of the solutes is reasonably controlled, so that the electrochemical decontamination electrolyte which is good in decontamination effect, high in decontamination speed and capable of easily treating generated secondary waste liquid and residues is obtained; and the electrochemical decontamination electrolyte is suitable for overall or local electrochemical decontamination of radioactive contaminated waste stainless steel. In addition, in the electrochemical decontamination electrolyte, oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and glacial acetic acid are all organic acids and do not contain N and Cl ions, the electrochemical decontamination electrolyte is very beneficial to a glass solidification treatment system of decontamination waste liquid, and thus the generated waste liquid is easy to treat through the glass solidification system.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of radioactive waste treatment, in particular to an electrochemical decontamination electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Human nuclear activities include the nuclear industry, civil nuclear technology, scientific research and technology, etc. All of these processes involve radioactive materials, and the materials they come into contact with are contaminated by radionuclides. During nuclear activities, when nuclear facilities need to be maintained or decommissioned, they need to be decontaminated to reduce occupational exposure, reduce potential release of radioactive substances, and recycle old facilities. Metal materials commonly used in nuclear facilities include stainless steel and carbon steel, among which stainless steel is often used to store and transport strong radioactive pollutants. [0003] For metal radioactively contaminated materials, phys...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25F1/06G21F9/30
CPCC25F1/06G21F9/30C25F1/00G21F9/004
Inventor 徐立国赵玲君崔艳敏狄宇童顾文杰
Owner SICHUAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENG CO LTD CNNC
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