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Borohydride direct oxidation fuel cell electrocatalyst

A technology of fuel cells and electrocatalysts, applied in the direction of metal/metal oxide/metal hydroxide catalysts, physical/chemical process catalysts, battery electrodes, etc., can solve the problems of methanol penetration, hydrogen storage, poor portability, etc., to achieve Effect of reducing decomposition and improving fuel efficiency

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-12-15
NANJING UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the difficulty of hydrogen storage and poor portability, its application in small portable power sources has been limited. People have been trying to find liquid fuels to replace hydrogen, among which direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) using methanol as fuel Considered to have potential application in this field
However, the slow rate of methanol oxidation, methanol penetration and other key issues have not been completely resolved, making DMFC encounter a lot of resistance in the commercialization process
Chinese patent CN101041416A proposes a method of decomposing sodium borohydride with a catalyst to produce hydrogen. However, hydrogen storage problems also exist in the process of hydrogen production, and the safe utilization of hydrogen still faces many technical problems.
However, the structure of the battery is complicated, the open circuit and maximum power density are low, and the cost is high, and the anode raw material decomposition of the current direct sodium borohydride battery is relatively serious

Method used

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  • Borohydride direct oxidation fuel cell electrocatalyst
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  • Borohydride direct oxidation fuel cell electrocatalyst

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0034] Hydrothermal TiO 2 Preparation: take 20ml of titanium isopropoxide and 4.2g of glacial acetic acid, quickly add 100ml of water and stir for one hour to make it completely hydrolyzed, then add 1.5ml of 65%wt nitric acid, and bathe in water at 78°C for 75 minutes. The measured pH of the solution is about is 1.5. Continue to hydrothermally react the solution at 240° C. for 12 hours, then add 0.8 ml of 65% wt nitric acid, and sonicate for one hour at 200 W, at which point the measured pH is 3-3.5.

[0035] Preparation of electro-oxidation catalyst:

[0036] Preparation of Au / TiO by Photodeposition 2 The specific steps of the electro-oxidation catalyst can be found in figure 1 ,

[0037] Take a certain amount of titanium dioxide prepared by the hydrothermal method, add an aqueous solution of chloroauric acid with a concentration of 2 mg / mL, and irradiate the suspension in step 1 under ultraviolet light for 2-5 minutes. The wavelength of ultraviolet light is 320-400 nanom...

Embodiment 2

[0040] The preparation of the electro-oxidation catalyst is as in Example 1, adding an aqueous solution of chloroauric acid with a concentration of 2 mg / mL, the wavelength of ultraviolet rays used is 320-400 nanometers, and the power is 0.85 mW / cm 2 , irradiated for 2 minutes to prepare 5wt% Au / TiO 2 Electrooxidation catalyst (in which the Au loading is 0.174mg / cm 2 ), the cathode uses a commercial Pt / C catalyst (where the Pt loading is 1mg / cm 2). The sides coated with the anode and cathode catalysts were facing the Nafion membrane, and hot-pressed at 1.5MPa and 140°C for 3min to form a membrane-electrode triple-in-one (MEA). In the test, the anode sodium borohydride solution uses NaBH 4 The content is 10wt%, which contains NaOH: 5wt%, NH 3 ·H 2 O: 5wt%; cathode hydrogen peroxide uses H 2 o 2 The content is 10wt%, which contains H 3 PO 4 : 5wt%. Assemble the three-in-one membrane electrode prepared above. The current collector plate is made of high-purity graphite. T...

Embodiment 3

[0042] The preparation of the electro-oxidation catalyst is the same as in Example 1, adding an aqueous solution of chloroauric acid with a concentration of 2 mg / mL, the wavelength of ultraviolet rays used is 320-400 nanometers, and the power is 0.85 mW / cm 2 , irradiated for 4 minutes to prepare 2wt% Au / TiO 2 Electrooxidation catalyst (in which the Au loading is 0.021mg / cm 2 ), the cathode uses a commercial Pt / C catalyst (where the Pt loading is 1mg / cm 2 ).

[0043] Obtain the discharge performance curve of battery under the solution concentration identical with embodiment 2 and test condition, its result sees Figure 4 . The battery is 100mA / cm at 80°C 2 Under the working voltage of 0.9V, at 200mA / cm 2 Get the maximum power density of 120mW / cm 2 .

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Abstract

The invention discloses a novel electro-catalyst which is realized by directly oxidating borohydride with low precious metal loading as well as the preparation method thereof. An Au / TiO2 anode electrooxidation catalyst prepared by the photodeposition method is adopted; compared with the commercial Pt / C catalyst, the anode borohydride degradation thereof is reduced by more than one order of magnitude, thereby greatly improving the sodium borohydride utilization efficiency of the battery. Under the observation of a transmission electron microscope, a user can discover that Au particles are uniformly dispersed on the TiO2 surface, and the particle diameter is 2 to 6 nm. The catalyst is utilized for assembling sodium borohydride / H2O2 batteries, the performance thereof at 80 DEG C can be equivalent to that of the commercial Pt / C of 1 mg<2>, while the precious metal loading is only 0.021 mg / cm<2>.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fuel cell electrocatalyst for direct oxidation of borohydride and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cells using hydrogen have gained widespread attention in recent years, especially in the research of large-scale traction power sources such as electric vehicles. However, due to the difficulty of hydrogen storage and poor portability, its application in small portable power sources has been limited. People have been trying to find liquid fuels to replace hydrogen, among which direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) using methanol as fuel considered to have potential applications in this field. However, the slow rate of methanol oxidation, methanol penetration and other key issues have not been completely resolved, making DMFC encounter a lot of resistance in the commercialization process. [0003] Borohydride is also a liquid fuel, which is easy to store and transport. More i...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J23/52B01J21/06H01M4/90
CPCY02E60/50
Inventor 刘建国毛示旻田志鹏叶季蕾邹志刚于涛顾军
Owner NANJING UNIV
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