Reagent kit for fast detecting common chromosome trisome by quantitative fluorescence PCRs

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for fast detecting common chromosome trisome by quantitative fluorescence PCR, which comprises the following steps: sample collection and processing, DNA extraction, primer design and synthesis, PCR amplified reaction of a first system and a second system, PCR product detection, PCR amplified reaction of a third system and PCR product detection. The invention also provides an accurate and reliable reagent kit for fast detecting the common chromosome trisome by the quantitative fluorescence PCR. The invention is integrated with the sensitivity and the accuracy of the quantitative fluorescence PCR and the extensive and uniform distribution, the polymorphism and the high heterozygosity of a tandem repeat sequence and can be used for detecting the number of common chromosomal disorders of prenatal samples, such as peripheral blood, amniotic fluids, cord blood, tomenta, and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of medical clinical detection, and relates to a method for rapidly detecting common chromosome trisomy and a corresponding kit. Background technique [0002] The most common cause of miscarriage and neonatal death is chromosomal abnormality, among which, the abnormal number of 21st, 18th, 13th and sex chromosomes accounts for 95% of the total number of chromosomal abnormalities after birth. Down syndrome is the most common, and the incidence rate of newborns is 1 / 800-1 / 600. About 26,600 children with congenital dementia are born in my country every year, and an average of one case is born every 20 minutes. As there is no effective treatment, the patients are mentally retarded and often accompanied by a variety of serious congenital defects, causing a heavy burden to the family and society. Therefore, early detection and prevention of the birth of children are undoubtedly of great significance to reduce the incidence ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The amniotic fluid chromosome detection method is traditionally used, and this method has the following defects: ① The inspection time for pregnant fetuses is obviously limited (only the amniotic fluid chromosomes of 16-22 weeks of pregnancy can be detected); ② There are more requirements for the number of samples to be drawn; ③ Long time-consuming (15-20 days of culture time); ④ heavy workload (need to distinguish chromosome bands under an artificial microscope); ⑤ can not guarantee the accuracy of the results of maternal blood contaminated amniotic fluid samples

Among them, FISH and PRI NS have high requirements on equipment and technology, which limits the popularization and application of these methods; homologous gene quantitative PCR (HGQ-PCR) technology can only detect Down syndrome; real-time quantitative PCR method , through the comparative analysis of the ratio or difference of the Ct value of chromosome 21 and other chromosomes to detect the number of chromosome 21, but this method can better distinguish the difference of more than 3 orders of magnitude, and trisomy is only disomy 1.5 times that of Ct, and the degree of discrimination is not large. In addition, the fluctuation range of Ct value is relatively large, and slight changes may affect the results, which may easily cause misdiagnosis. The accuracy of its detection still needs further research and improvement.

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