The invention discloses a method for identifying a three-dimensional quantitative fluorescence characteristic peak and judging the fluid type. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, acquiring data of a three-dimensional quantitative fluorescence spectrum and the contrast level N; step 2, identifying the characteristic peak, marking as F1, F2, ..., Fm, wherein m is the number of the characteristic peaks and the characteristic peak Fj comprises an excitation wavelength Emj and an emission wavelength Exj, j=1,2, ..., m; step 3, calculating the number a of the characteristic peaks meeting the requirement that Emj-Exj>30 and the number b of the characteristic peaks failing to meet the requirement that Emj-Exj>30 in the characteristic peak Fj; step 4, when a>0, b=0 and N>6, the fluid is an oil layer; when a=0, b>0 and N<6, the fluid is a water layer; when a>0, b>0 and N>6, the fluid is an oil-containing water layer. The provided method for identifying the three-dimensional quantitative fluorescence characteristic peak and judging the fluid type can greatly increase the judgement accuracy of the fluid type, is excellent in universality, and is suitable for popularization.