The invention provides an autoimmune encephalitis antibody transient transfection and stable transfection detection method and application thereof. Specifically, the invention provides a recombinant cell for expressing mutant NMDAR, the recombinant cell expresses fusion protein of exogenous mutant NMDAR and fluorescent protein, and the transfection survival rate is high. The recombinant cell provided by the invention can be used for detecting antibodies related to autoimmune encephalitis, including NMDAR, AMPAR1, AMPAR2, LGI1, Caspr2 and GABABR. The invention also provides a method for detecting anti-autoimmune encephalitis by using the transfected cell line through an indirect immunofluorescence method based on the recombinant transfected cell line provided by the invention. The method disclosed by the invention has high sensitivity and specificity, and can be used for accurately detecting the types of pathogenic antibodies so as to help a patient to carry out targeted immunotherapy and recover health.