Nutrient solution matrix-free seedling raising and cultivating system and seedling raising method

Abstract

The invention discloses a nutrient solution matrix-free seedling raising and cultivating system and a seedling raising method. The system comprises a nutrient solution seedling raising tank, a seedling grid plate, seeding paper and covering paper, wherein the nutrient solution seedling raising tank is filled with water or nutrient solution; the seedling raising grid plate is arranged on the nutrient solution seedling raising tank, and water through holes are formed on the side faces of the grid plate holes of the seedling raising grid plate; the seeding paper is laid on the seedling raising grid plate; and after seeding, the covering paper is covered on the seeding paper bearing seeds. The method comprises: sowing seeds on the seeding paper, covering the covering paper with high water absorbing performance and breathability and covering the perlite or vermiculite on the covering paper; and after the seeds germinate, the roots of the seedlings penetrate the seeding paper to grow downward to absorb water and nutrients from the nutrient solution below. When the system is used, a matrix which is adopted by the conventional industrial seeding raising technique is not used, the overall accurate control over the temperature, water, nutrient and oxygen required by plants for growth in the whole seedling raising process is realized, the industrialization of the seedling raising processis realized, and the uniformity, strong seedling rate and robust degree of the seedlings are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a nutrient solution matrix-free seedling cultivation system and a seedling cultivation method, and belongs to the technical field of soilless seedling cultivation. Background technique [0002] my country is facing a serious shortage of resources and energy. The per capita arable land area and water resources are only 1 / 3 and 1 / 4 of the world's average level, and are showing a trend of further reduction. Faced with this reality, my country's agriculture must choose a road of intensive and sustainable development with efficient use of resources. Soilless cultivation technology is an important way to achieve high yield, high quality and high efficiency of vegetables, and it is also a new cultivation method for vegetable production to transform from traditional agricultural production to modernization, scale and intensification. Vegetable production includes two parts: the seedling raising link and the post-planting cultivation l...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In addition, rock wool is difficult to dispose of after use, causing serious pollution to the environment

[0005] 2. The cost of raising seedlings is high. Seedling cultivation with plug substrates, due to the large use of peat, vermiculite and other high-priced seedling substrates, increases the cost of seedling cultivation

[0006] 3. Substrate allocation and nutrient regulation are difficult. There are many types of substrates commonly used for seedling cultivation in plug trays, mainly peat, vermiculite, perlite, rock wool, carbonized rice husk, slag, sawdust, cottonseed husk, bark, etc.

[0007] 4. It is difficult to control water. Most of the seedlings in the plug tray use organic or inorganic substrates, and water or nutrient solution for cultivation.

Due to the different air permeability and water retention properties of different substrates, the moisture content of the substrate is not easy to control

[0008] 5. It is difficult to control the temperature of the substrate. Vegetable crop seedlings are sensitive to environmental conditions and require strict conditions. Only an appropriate temperature can produce high-quality and strong seedlings

The current practice is to bury electric heating wires in the seedling bed frame to ensure that the temperature of the roots of the seedlings is in the range of 10-30°C, but it is impossible to precisely adjust and control the seedlings of different crops.

[0009] 6. The cost of substrate transportation is high. Plug substrate seedlings mainly rely on light substrates such as peat, and peat resources are limited, and most of them are concentrated in the northeast. Therefore, the transportation cost is high, which limits the use in vast areas of our country, especially in the absence of good light seedling substrates. In saline-alkali, windy sand, and arid areas, it is difficult for plug-in substrate seedlings to play their due role

In recent years, floating seedlings have also been studied on vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers, but there are the following shortcomings in floating seedlings in vegetable seedlings: ①The substrate is soaked in low-temperature or high-temperature water for a long time, which makes the root system poorly developed and easily induces root diseases. (Cai Ming, Changjiang Vegetables, 2008(3): 18-19); ②The substrate is soaked in water for a long time and lacks oxygen; ③Water evaporation causes the insurmountable problems such as salinization of the substrate surface

[0012] The nutrient hydroponics technology in soilless culture has certain application in production, but the application in the seedling raising field has not been reported

Images