71results about How to "Improve seedling index" patented technology

The invention discloses a nutrient solution matrix-free seedling raising and cultivating system and a seedling raising method. The system comprises a nutrient solution seedling raising tank, a seedling grid plate, seeding paper and covering paper, wherein the nutrient solution seedling raising tank is filled with water or nutrient solution; the seedling raising grid plate is arranged on the nutrient solution seedling raising tank, and water through holes are formed on the side faces of the grid plate holes of the seedling raising grid plate; the seeding paper is laid on the seedling raising grid plate; and after seeding, the covering paper is covered on the seeding paper bearing seeds. The method comprises: sowing seeds on the seeding paper, covering the covering paper with high water absorbing performance and breathability and covering the perlite or vermiculite on the covering paper; and after the seeds germinate, the roots of the seedlings penetrate the seeding paper to grow downward to absorb water and nutrients from the nutrient solution below. When the system is used, a matrix which is adopted by the conventional industrial seeding raising technique is not used, the overall accurate control over the temperature, water, nutrient and oxygen required by plants for growth in the whole seedling raising process is realized, the industrialization of the seedling raising processis realized, and the uniformity, strong seedling rate and robust degree of the seedlings are improved.

The invention discloses a vegetable seedling substrate. A substrate raw material comprises, by weight, waste fungi bags, perlite, remote mountain humus soil, puffed cow dung, pine tree barks, and a Chinese medicine residue; the Chinese medicine residue is a mixture including pine needles, Radix stemonae, Eupatorium adenophora, Dendrobiumnobile, liquorices, and Codonopsispilosula, wherein the mixture is obtained through high-temperature aerobic fermentation processing. The three-phase equilibrium (solids, liquid, and air) optimum environment which can ensure growth and development of plant roots and is required by vegetables, can be established through the specific substrate raw material which has good physical and chemical properties by means of the optimum proportion; the soil is fertile and the cost is low by adoption of the remote mountain humus soil; the Chinese medicine residue including ample organic matters and ample inorganic matters, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium which are required by plant growth, can improve the fertilizer efficiency of the seedling substrate and can kill bacteria; vermiculite and the perlite can change the permeability and the volume-weight of the seedling substrate, can absorb effective constituents of the Chinese medicine residue, and can play the effect of sustained release.

The invention discloses a method for adopting an LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp for supplementing cucumber seedlings with light. The method comprises the following steps: adopting red and blue light combination for supplementing the cucumber seedlings with light under the condition of natural low light level (light intensity less than or equal to 35micromol.m2.s1), wherein the wavelength of the red light is 630-650nm, the wavelength of the blue light is 430-450nm and the density ratio of effective photosynthetic light quantum of the red light and the blue light is 2 to 1(2R1B) or 1 to 2(1R2B); adjusting the current of LED lamp power supply, for achieving the supplementary light intensity of 50-100 micromol.m2.s1; supplementing light at regular time by adopting a timing controller, wherein the light supplementing time is from 6 am to 6 pm in each day. According to the method provided by the invention, the LED lamp combined with different red and blue light ratios is adopted for supplementing the generally cultured cucumber seedlings with light; the method has the obvious boosting effect on the cucumber seedlings; the stem diameter, complete stool weight, strong seedling index, single plant leave area, root activity, net photosynthetic rate, SOD activity and POD activity of the cucumber seedlings can be effectively increased; the culturing for strong seedlings is realized.

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing float seedling matrix for hot pepper, which comprises the following steps: cutting off and crushing corn straws to obtain grains A; fully fermenting and decomposing the grains A, and then crushing the grains A again to obtain grains B; mixing the grains B and vermiculite according to a volume ratio to obtain a mixture C; fully fermenting and decomposing oil cakes to obtain decomposed oil cake powder D; and mixing the mixture C and the decomposed oil cake powder D according to a volume ratio to obtain the float seedling matrix for the hot pepper. The raw materials for the production are convenient to obtain and have wide source; and the matrix applied in the production can remarkably promote the sprouting rate of hot pepper seeds and the growth of hot pepper roots, improve the seedling survival rate and strong seedling index of hot pepper seedlings, reduce the seedling revival period of the hot pepper seedlings transplanted in large fields, and finally remarkably improve the biological yield and economic yield of hot pepper cultivation and the quality of the hot pepper so as to contribute to the improvement of the production benefit of the hot pepper.

The invention discloses a seedling cultivation light environment of leafy vegetables. In the light environment, a ratio of the number of optical photons with a wavelength of 380 to 399 nm is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, a ratio of the number of optical photons with a wavelength of 400 to 499 nm is 21 to 25 percent, a ratio of the number of optical photons with a wavelength of 500 to 599 nm is 14 to 15 percent, a ratio of the number of optical photons with a wavelength of 600 to 699 is 46 to 50 percent, and a ratio of the number of optical photons with a wavelength of 700 to 780 nm is 12 to 17 percent; in a wave band of 400 to 499 nm, a ratio of the number of the optical photons with a wavelength of 436 nm is greater than or equal to 1.3 percent, and a ratio of the number of the optical photons with a wavelength of 480 nm is greater than or equal to 0.79 percent; in the wave band of 600 to 699 nm, a ratio of the number of the optical photons with a wavelength of 630 nm is greater than or equal to 0.8 percent, and a ratio of the number of the optical photons with a wavelength of 660 nm is greater than or equal to 1.35 percent; and in a wave band of 700 to 780 nm, a ratio of the number of the optical photons with a wavelength of 730 nm is greater than or equal to 1.35 percent.

The invention relates to a symbiotic cultivation method of a tomato grafting with a purple spring potato. The method comprises the steps that a tomato seed is sowed, and a purple spring potato is planted; when the height of a tomato grafted seeding ranges from 10 cm to 15 cm or the grafted seeding has six or eight leaves at the last ten-day of February, grafting is conducted; growing point and one cotyledon of the purple potato are cut by a blade, then a peeled bamboo stick is aslant inserted downward about 1 cm from a main vein with a stock and the cotyledon being peeled off in the direction of a cotyledon on the other side, a wedge-shaped plane with the length of the oblique plane about 1 cm is peeled at the position below the a tomato cotyledon 1 cm to 1.5 cm by the blade, and a peeled scion is inserted into a hole. When a graft union is healed, a full and integrated symbiotic plant of the purple potato and the tomato is bred, and the tomato above the ground and the potato below the ground can be harvested at the same time, high yield and funny ornamental value are integrated in one, and the use ratio and disease-resistant ability of the land are improved.

The invention discloses a technique for raising tomato seedlings, which comprises the following steps: seed treatment and seed soaking to accelerate germination → preparation of seedling cultivation soil and medicinal soil → sowing → post-sowing management → seedling separation; , coating and germination can play a role in disinfection and sterilization of seeds, and can effectively prevent common diseases in the tomato growth process; the germination method is not only simple and easy, the germination speed is fast, the effect is good, and it solves the problem that the coated seeds cannot be soaked. problem; the preparation of seedling cultivation soil is also one of the key links for the success of tomato seedling cultivation, and its plant height, stem thickness, fresh weight, dry weight and strong seedling index of the tomato seedlings cultivated by using the seedling cultivation soil of the present invention are greater than conventional seedling cultivation substrates . It can be seen that the present invention not only satisfies the nutritional needs of the tomato seedling stage, but also has the advantages of environmental protection, no pollution, resource saving, etc., and has very broad application prospects.

The invention discloses a method for utilizing LED delayed supplementary lighting to promote rice seedling raising. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, a plant growth lamp is utilized to emit blue light for delayed supplementary lighting at a trefoil stage of rice growth; then, the plant growth lamp is utilized to emit compound red and blue light for delayed supplementary lighting at a five-leaf stage so as to promote rice seedling growth. By adopting a combined light supplementing mode, the seedling strengthening index is higher than that of exclusive use of supplementing of blue light or exclusive use of supplementing of cooperative red and blue light, the light supplementing time can be saved, and the method has the advantages of being low in energy consumption and high in efficiency.

The invention discloses a method for raising watermelon seedlings in a solar greenhouse. The method comprises the following steps that 1, a watermelon variety is selected; 2, a stock variety is selected; 3, a mycorrhizal fungi seedling raising medium is prepared and seedling raising containers are selected; 4, seeds are preprocessed, sprout and are sowed and bred; 5, grafting is performed; 6, normal seedling management is performed after grafting and survival; 7, after grafted seedling grow normally, transplantation and field planting are performed in the solar greenhouse. The method for raising the watermelon seedlings in the solar greenhouse has the advantages that the seedlings are raised in the mode that mycorrhiza inoculation, grafting and seedling raising are combined, the soil nutrient absorbing ability of watermelon root systems can be improved, fertilizer input is reduced, the cost is reduced, the strong seedling index can be improved by 30% or above, the stress resistance and disease resistance are greatly strengthened, a mature period is advanced for 7 days or more, successive cropping obstacles of the solar watermelon greenhouse can be completely overcome, economic benefits of watermelon planting in the solar greenhouse are remarkably increased, and the enthusiasm of planting farmers is further improved.

The invention discloses a peanut presoaking solution and an entire-pod presoaking method adopting same. The peanut presoaking solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 5-10 parts of alginic acid, 2-5 parts of a plant growth regulator, 5-10 parts of ammonium salt, 5-10 parts of potassium salt, 1-2 parts of sodium molybdate and / or potassium molybdate, 10-50 parts of plant ash and 0.1-1 part of rooting powder. The presoaking solution is reasonable in ingredients and contents, and all the raw materials interact and are synergistic. The presoaking method combines vacuum presoaking and a liquid culture medium containing nodule bacteria for blocking peanut shells. The peanut presoaking solution and the presoaking method can increase peanut germination rate, shorten germination time and improve emergence speed and emergence evenness.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a tomato planting method in a plant factory. In the planting process of tomatoes, LED light sets are used for illuminating, the LED light sets comprise red light and blue light, and the illumination intensity ratio of the red light to the blue light is 1:1. According to the tomato planting method in the plant factory, growth of tomato plants is significantly promoted, through treatment by adopting the method, the fresh weight and the dry weight are increased by 50.5% and 61.0% respectively compared with a contrast group, and the strong seedling index and the net photosynthetic rate are highest. In addition, the flowering time of the tomatoes is advanced by 3 days, and the fruit setting time of the first inflorescence is advanced by 7 days. The highest content of soluble solids in the tomatoes is achieved, the sugar-acid ratio is proper, and the quality of the tomatoes is best.

The invention provides a method for cultivating healthy color pepper grafting seedlings. Turf, vermiculite and perlite are evenly mixed to prepare a seedling cultivation matrix according to the volume ratio of 6:2:2 for plug grafting and seedling cultivation; rootstock and scions are sown in the same stage, and when the rootstock sprouts till leaves are unfolded, 5-8 ml of 50 mg.kg<-1> potassium phosphate aqueous solutions are poured on each plant; when first interior leaves of the scions emerge till each interior leaf has one core, 8-10 ml of 7.5 mg.kg<-1> prohexadione calcium aqueous solutions are poured on each plant; true leaves with two leaves and one core are reserved in the scions during grafting, and when the third true leaf is 1 cm long after grafting, 8-10 ml of 15 mg.kg<-1> prohexadione calcium aqueous solutions are poured on each plant; when the fourth true leaf is 1 cm long after grafting, 12-15 ml of 500 mg.kg<-1> chitosan aqueous solutions are poured on each plant. The grafting seedlings cultivated according to the method are superior to conventional plug grafting seedlings in the aspect of root activity, sound seedling index, flower bud differentiation, disease resistance, yield and the like.

The invention discloses a solar greenhouse cucumber seedling cultivation method capable of overcoming continuous cropping obstacles. The method comprises the steps of 1) selecting a cucumber variety; 2) selecting a rootstock variety; 3) preparing a mycorrhizal fungi seedling cultivation medium and selecting seedling cultivation containers; 4) preprocessing seeds, making seeds germinated, sowing and cultivating seedlings; 5) conducting grafting; 6) conducting normal seedling management after grafted seedlings survive; 7) transplanting the grafted seedlings in the solar greenhouse after the grafted seedlings grow normally. According to the solar greenhouse cucumber seedling cultivation method capable of overcoming the continuous cropping obstacles, the disease resistance of cucumbers in the solar greenhouse is improved, the continuous cropping obstacles are overcome, meanwhile, the absorptive capacity of cucumber root systems to soil nutrients can be improved, fertilizer input is reduced, the cost is reduced, sound seedling index can be increased by 30% or above, stress resistance and disease resistance are greatly enhanced, transplanting survival rate reaches 99% or above, the mature stage of cucumbers is advanced one week or above, product quality is improved and the benefit increases by 30% or above.

The invention relates to the technical field of seeding breeding methods, and particularly relates to a fruit vegetable universal seedling breeding substrate and a preparation method and application thereof. The seedling breeding substrate is prepared from, by volume, 25-40 parts of turf, 30-70 parts of fly ash, 5-40 parts of mushroom residue ferment substance and 1-20 parts of vermiculite. The preparation method comprises the steps that after each raw material is screened, the raw materials are uniformly mixed according to proportion to obtain the seedling breeding substrate. According to theseedling breeding substrate, the consumption of the nonrenewable resource turf is reduced, a large number of agricultural wastes and industrial wastes are consumed to form effective ecological circulation economy, the fertilizer efficiency of the seedling breeding substrate can be improved, and the cost of the seedling breeding substrate is reduced. The rate of emergence of the seedling breedingsubstrate is high and can reach up to 96%-100%, and the seedling emergence is uniform and rapid; water reserving rate is high, the water preserving capability of the substrate is excellent, the rate of emergence of each fruit vegetable plant can be effectively improved, the germinating time and seed emergence time are shortened, and the sound seedling index is high.

The invention provides a method for cultivating healthy seedlings of color peppers. Turf, vermiculite and pearlite are evenly mixed according to the volume ratio of 6:2:2 to prepare seedling cultivating substrates, and the operation of raising seedlings in plug trays is performed; after the copper pepper seedlings bud and cotyledons are expanded, 5-8 ml of a potassium phosphite aqueous solution with the concentration being 30 mg.kg-1 is applied to each color pepper seedling; 8-10 ml of a prohexadione-calcium aqueous solution with the concentration being 20 mg.kg-1 is applied to each color pepper seedling from the time when the tip of a first interior leaf is exposed to the time when one leaf and one core are formed; 12-15 ml of a chitosan aqueous solution with the concentration being 500 mg.kg-1 is applied to each color pepper seedling when two leaves and one core are formed; 12-15 ml of a potassium phosphite aqueous solution with the concentration being 75 mg.kg-1 is applied to each color pepper seedling when three leaves and one core are formed. Seedlings cultivated through the method are superior to conventional seedlings cultivated in plug trays in the aspects of root activity, sound seedling index, flower and bud differentiation, disease resistance, yield and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of nutrient soil, and particularly discloses a preparing method of nutrient soil for improving the content of antioxidant activity substances in a cactus.The method specifically includes the following steps of firstly, weighing raw materials; secondly, smashing corncobs, conducting steam processing, taking out the smashed corncobs for refrigerating processing and steam processing, evenly mixing the processed corncobs with molasses, conducting slow-fire boiling and continuous stirring, evenly mixing the mixed material with red jade soil, and conducting fermenting to obtain a fermented material; thirdly, conducting homogenizing processing and microwave drying on the fermented material, and evenly mixing the fermented material with almond shell powder, willow bark powder, activated vermiculite powder, grape seed extracts and ginkgo leaf extracts to obtain the nutrient soil for improving the content of the antioxidant activity substances in thecactus. The sprouting and seedling emerging rate and the seedling strengthening index of the cactus are effectively increased, the splitting, differentiating and growing of root systems are promoted,the root rotting phenomenon can be effectively avoided, maintaining is easy, the content of flavones, polyphenols, polysaccharides and other antioxidant activity substances in the cactus is effectively increased, and the edible value and medicinal value of the cactus are greatly improved.

The invention relates to a directional regulating agent of rhizosphere microorganisms and nematodes containing saturated fatty acids. The description describes the effect of natural active substance saturated fatty acids (caprylic acid and capric acid) on controlling soil harmful pathogenic microorganisms, and describes the effect of mixtures with different ratios of caprylic acid and capric acid on modifying soil with biological disorders. Meanwhile, the description describes the control effect of plant source material mixtures (only including castor plant residual bodies and rapeseed cakes) on plant pathogenic nematodes - root-knot nematodes. Finally, the the description describes the modification of combined saturated fatty acids (caprylic acid and capric acid) and plant source materials (castor plant residual bodies and rapeseed cakes) to soil biological disorders. The directional regulating agent of rhizosphere microorganism and nematode containing saturated fatty acids are used to treat soil, which can reduce the effect of soil biological disorders on plant growth. The invention has low production cost, significant effect, and is easy to be popularized.

The invention relates to the field of seedling raising, and discloses a composition for a seedling substrate, the seedling substrate, a preparation method thereof and the application in rice seedlingraising. The preparation method of the seedling substrate includes conducting mixing, heat treatment and cooling on the following materials by mass: 3%-20% of grass carbon, 15%-30% of rice husk ash, 5%-15% of vermiculite, 5%-15% of clay, 5%-10% of fly ash, 20%-40% of straw-based edible fungus residue and 5%-25% of organic fertilizer. The straw-based edible fungus residue is selected as the main raw material of the rice seedling substrate. The seedling substrate composed of the straw-based edible fungus residue and an organic fertilizer in specific ratio can effectively increase the biomass, the root activity, the fullness and the seedling index of seedlings. Moreover, the plant height and the stem diameter of the seedlings obtained are both ideal, and the growth rate is high.

The invention relates to the technology of seedling raising of vegetables and in particular provides a formula substrate for industrialized seedling raising of vegetables. The formula substrate for industrialized seedling raising of vegetables contains 950-1050L of turf, 160-180L of perlite, and 20-30L of water. Turf, perlite and water are mixed uniformly by using a special mixer for vegetable seedling raising substrates and are bagged for later use. The EC value is 0.3-0.5mS.cm<-1>. The concentration of a nutrient solution varies from 50ppm to 250ppm with the types of seedling raising and different growth periods and vigor. The formula substrate for industrialized seedling raising of vegetables facilitates water absorbing and rapid growth in periods of seed germination and seedling cotyledon of vegetables and has the advantages of uniform seedling germination, high growth speed and high sound seedling index.

The present invention discloses a composite microbial substrate for watermelon planting. The composite microbial substrate comprises the following raw materials in volume fractions: 50-55% of a fermentation microbial substrate, 25-30% of coconut bran, 15% of vermiculite and 5% of perlite. The microbial substrate comprises a microbial inoculant, cassava distillers' grain biogas residues and mushroom residues. The cassava distillers' grain biogas residue and mushroom residue fermentation thoroughly decomposed materials are used, microorganisms are added, the microbial substrate is prepared afterculture and multiplication, the microbial substrate is rich in nutrients and also balanced in nutrient ratios, reduces an application amount of a fertilizer when watermelons are planted, improves yield and quality of the watermelons and reduces incidence of watermelon plants.

The invention provides a cultivation method for healthy color pepper seedlings. A seedling cultivation substrate is prepared by evenly mixing cordyceps fungus fementation rich in cordyceps mycelia, peat, vermiculite and perlite according to the volume ratio 1:5:2:2, and plug seedling is performed; when color peppers are germinated until cotyledons are spread, each plant is irrigated with 5-8 ml of potassium phosphate water solutions with the concentration of 30 mg / kg-1; when a first heart leaf is mudded until one leaf and one heartleaf are grown, each plant is irrigated with 8-10 ml of prohexadione calcium water solutions with the concentration of 20 mg / kg-1; when two leaves and one heart leaf are grown, each plant is irrigated with 12-15 ml of dufulin water solutions with the concentration of 100 mg / kg-1; when three leaves and one hear leaf are grown, each plant is irrigated with 12-15 ml of potassium phosphate water solutions with the concentration of 75 mg / kg-1. The seedlings cultivated through the cultivation method are superior to those cultivated through conventional plug seedling in the aspects such as root activity, strong seeding index, flower mud differentiation, disease resistance, yield and the like.

The invention discloses a method for seed soaking and germination acceleration of cucurbit. The method comprises the following steps: airing; seed scalding; washing; air drying and germination acceleration. With the method for seed soaking and germination acceleration of cucurbit, germination acceleration time is short, a budding rate is high, neat budding is realized, growth vigor of seedlings is strong, and a strong seedling index is high. The method is simple, convenient and safe, has good seed soaking and germination acceleration effects and is applicable to seed soaking and germination acceleration of a variety of thick-skined vegetable seeds.

The invention relates to a special seedling substrate for muskmelon. The special seedling substrate is obtained by adding an organic material high-temperature rapid-decomposition agent comprising actinomycetes, saccharomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and the like into a mixture consisting of vinegar residues and cassava residues for fermentation and decomposition treatment, carrying out drying and crushing, adding auxiliary materials of vermiculite, peat, perlite, plant ash and the like, fully and uniformly stirring the materials to form a finished product substrate, and the special seedling substrate can improve the germination rate, the seedling rate, strong seedling index and other physical and chemical indexes of the muskmelon, including bulk density, porosity, pH value, watercontent, EC value, particle size and the like, which are most suitable for seedling growth.

The invention discloses a method for using barley leach liquor to cultivate strong pepper seedlings under a continuous cropping condition, and belongs to the field of crop planting. The method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing barley stem and leaf powder and water according to the mass ratio of 1: (10-25), and through the steps of accelerating dissolution, soaking, filtering, and diluting, and using diluted liquid to conduct root irrigation treatment on young pepper seedlings with three leaves and one core. According to the method for using the barley leach liquor to cultivate the strong pepper seedlings under the continuous cropping condition, when 0.4g / ml barley leach liquor is utilized to conduct root irrigation treatment, compared with a control group, the stem diameter, the sound seedling index and the relative chlorophyll content of peppers are increased by 16.39%, 58.33% and 14.42% respectively; compared with the control group, the root system weight in the pepper biomass, and the pepper root fresh weight and the root dry weight are increased by 42.99% and 54.55% respectively.

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing float seedling matrix for hot pepper, which comprises the following steps: cutting off and crushing corn straws to obtain grains A; fully fermenting and decomposing the grains A, and then crushing the grains A again to obtain grains B; mixing the grains B and vermiculite according to a volume ratio to obtain a mixture C; fully fermenting and decomposing oil cakes to obtain decomposed oil cake powder D; and mixing the mixture C and the decomposed oil cake powder D according to a volume ratio to obtain the float seedling matrix for the hot pepper. The raw materials for the production are convenient to obtain and have wide source; and the matrix applied in the production can remarkably promote the sprouting rate of hot pepper seeds and the growth of hot pepper roots, improve the seedling survival rate and strong seedling index of hot pepper seedlings, reduce the seedling revival period of the hot pepper seedlings transplanted in large fields, and finally remarkably improve the biological yield and economic yield of hot pepper cultivation and the quality of the hot pepper so as to contribute to the improvement of the production benefit of the hot pepper.

The invention discloses a seedling raising regulator for vegetables and a seedling raising method of vegetable strong seedling and particularly relates to a seedling raising regulator for vegetables which contains 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, naphthaleneacetic acid sodium, sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide, levulinic acid and weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water, wherein, the ratio, by weight, of 5-aminolevulinic acid and derivatives thereof, naphthaleneacetic acid sodium, sodium nitrophenolate, epibrassinolide and levulinic acid is 1:1-4:5-10:10-16:1-6, the dosageof the weakly acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water is 25-75mL relative to 5 milligrams of aminolevulinic acid and derivative thereof,. The invention also relates to a seedling raising method of vegetable strong seedling. By mixing the seedling raising regulator for vegetables and a seedling raising matrix, the vegetable seedling raising can be carried out, and the growth state of the vegetable seedlings can be obviously improved under the moderate temperature and light condition.

The invention discloses a carbon crystal electric-heated bed and an application of the carbon crystal electric-heated bed in fruit and vegetable seedling culturing of a facility. The carbon crystal electric-heated bed comprises a carbon crystal electric-heated plate, a ground temperature sensor and a temperature controller, wherein the carbon crystal electric-heated plate is internally provided with a conductive metal sheet; the conductive metal sheet is connected with two leads; the other ends of the two leads are connected with the temperature controller; and the temperature controller is also connected with the ground temperature sensor. The carbon crystal electric-heated bed can be applied to the production of the fruit and vegetable seedling culturing of the facility by means of being placed on a seedling culturing frame or on the ground; the temperature of the vegetable growing environment as well as the survival rate and the sound seedling index of young fruit and vegetable seedlings of the facility can be increased; the carbon crystal electric-heated bed serving as a novel heating facility for the production of the fruits and the vegetables of the facility has the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, simplicity, environment friendliness and the like; and the carbon crystal electric-heated bed is capable of effectively relieving the adverse effects of severe weather such as cold air outbreak on the vegetable seedling culturing of the facility and has significant popularization and application values.

The invention belongs to the technical field of soilless cultivation, and discloses a special soilless cultivation substrate for culturing ornamental sunflower seedlings and a preparation method of the cultivation substrate. The soilless cultivation substrate of an ornamental sunflower comprises grass charcoal, vermiculite and perlite, the volume ratio of the grass charcoal, the vermiculite to theperlite is 2:1:1. Seedling growth is strong, and a seedling strength index is remarkably higher than that of seedlings treated by other substrates. Particularly, root system vigor, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of the ornamental sunflower seedlings are higher than those of seedlings treated by other substrates. The substrate is excellent in formula, physicochemical properties and nutritional components are better, plant root system growth is better, the good root systems effectively absorb moisture and nutrient, generation of substances such as chlorophyll is facilitated, sufficient moisture is supplied, and more chlorophyll is generated, so that photosynthesis of plants is stronger.

The invention provides a method for cultivating healthy grafting seedlings of tomatoes. Turf, vermiculite and pearlite are evenly mixed according to the volume ratio of 6:3:1 to prepare seedling cultivating substrates, and the operation of raising seedlings by grafting in plug trays is performed; stock and scions are sown in the same period, and 5-8 ml of a potassium phosphite aqueous solution with the concentration being 50 mg.kg-1 is applied to each tomato seedling from the time when the stock buds to the time when cotyledons are expanded; 8-10 ml of a prohexadione-calcium aqueous solution with the concentration being 10 mg.kg-1 is applied to each tomato seedling from the time when the tip of a first interior leaf of each scion is exposed to the time when one leaf and one core are formed; 8-10 ml of a prohexadione-calcium aqueous solution with the concentration being 20 mg.kg-1 is applied to each tomato seedling when the length of a third main leaf is 1 cm after grafting; 12-15 ml of a chitosan aqueous solution with the concentration being 500 mg.kg-1 is applied to each tomato seedling when the length of a fourth main leaf is 1 cm after grafting. The grafting seedlings cultivated through the method are superior to conventional grafting seedlings cultivated in plug trays in the aspects of root activity, sound seedling index, flower and bud differentiation, disease resistance, yield and the like.