Equipment for producing fuel from domestic waste

Abstract

The invention relates to equipment for preparation of fuel from domestic garbage. The equipment includes a garbage crusher, a sorting machine, a dehydration machine, a sewage purification up-to-standard processing instrument, an incinerator, a flue gas waste heat steam boiler, a flue gas purification instrument and an instrument for fuel preparation by pyrolysis. Specifically, the instrument for fuel preparation by pyrolysis is mainly composed of a pyrolysis reactor, a condenser, a gas-liquid separation tank, a water-sealed tank and a fuel gas storage cabinet connected in order. The equipment provided by the invention realizes rapid mechanical sorting of crushed domestic garbage, and overcomes the trouble of classifying the original state garbage in a residential area. Carbohydrate solid garbage with a low calorific value is firstly crushed and then dehydrated, so that the calorific value of garbage can be effectively increased, and waste plastics and other light component substances with a high calorific value in the domestic garbage can be subjected to thermal cracking to prepare fuel oil and fuel gas, thus improving the economic benefits of domestic garbage disposal. The equipment provided by the invention has the advantages of large scale, continuous, energy-oriented, reduced and harmless domestic garbage disposal, environmental protection, high efficiency and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to equipment for producing fuel (fuel oil and / or gas) using domestic garbage as raw materials, and belongs to the field of environmental protection petrochemical equipment; Background technique [0002] With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the content of organic waste in domestic waste continues to rise, and carbohydrates or biomass in organic waste (such as melon and fruit peels, vegetable residues, leftovers after meals, etc.) are perishable and rotten. Affect people's living environment; scientifically and effectively make it harmless and reduce it, especially the high-value resource utilization of domestic waste has attracted the attention of the whole society; The rate is generally 22-33%, and the power generation of 1 ton of domestic waste is about 280 degrees (KWH), and the utilization rate of resources is low, resulting in only relying on government financial funds to subsidize waste treatment fees...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the content of organic waste in domestic waste continues to rise, and carbohydrates or biomass in organic waste (such as melon and fruit peels, vegetable residues, leftovers after meals, etc.) are perishable and rotten. Affect people's living environment; scientifically and effectively make it harmless and reduce it, especially the high-value resource utilization of domestic waste has attracted the attention of the whole society; The rate is generally 22-33%, and the power generation of 1 ton of domestic waste is about 280 degrees (KWH), and the utilization rate of resources is low, resulting in only relying on government financial funds to subsidize waste treatment fees to maintain the reduction of domestic waste incineration; Therefore, it is positive to convert the organic waste in the ever-growing domestic garbage into fuel oil or / and high calorific value gas that is suitable for engines (or internal combustion engines) or household burners (kitchen gas stoves and gas water heaters) with high commercial value. The high-efficiency commercialization value promoted locally to accelerate the promotion of harmless, reduction and energy utilization of domestic waste

[0003] According to the national standard "GB / T13612-2006" of the national standard "GB / T13612-2006" for the gas produced by the urban gas pipeline network to the users as residents, the gas has a calorific value greater than 14MJ / m 3 , or 3349 kcal / m 3 ; On July 1, 2001, my country promulgated and implemented the national standard GB18047-2000 for compressed natural gas for vehicles. The high-level calorific value of gas stipulated in this standard must be greater than 31.4MJ / m 3 (or 7512 kcal / m 3 , under the standard state), there have been reports on the method of using domestic waste as raw material to produce gas through thermochemical conversion technology; "A comprehensive treatment and utilization method for effectively containing dioxins" was disclosed in ZL201120082883.7 , which belongs to a "gasification-incineration" technology for domestic waste treatment, using air and water vapor as gasification agents, and the gas product after heat treatment contains 40-50% (V%) nitrogen, and some H 2 , CO and other gas components with low calorific value, which cannot reach the 4000 kcal / Nm required by urban household gas furnaces 3 The lowest calorific value of gas, gas products can only be used as fuel for combustion furnaces or bricks, and the commercial use value is low, and it is impossible to better implement high-value domestic waste resource utilization; in the CN1021540044A "A In the method of producing engine gas from biomass and / or organic wastes, liquefied petroleum gas with high calorific value and gas products with low calorific value are used for blending and blending, so that the calorific value of gas products can reach ≥31.4MJ / Nm 3. Engine gas standards, when using 100% domestic waste as raw material, the calorific value of gas products can not reach ≥ 14MJ / m 3 , or 3349 kcal / m 3. Defects in the calorific value of gas in the urban gas pipeline network;

[0004] So far, in Chinese and world patent literature databases, related books, publications, magazines, and industrial production applications, there is no reference to using domestic waste as raw material to produce high-calorific gas (≥14MJ / m 3 ) report; because domestic waste contains a large amount of biomass and carbohydrates with low calorific value, the gas product after heat treatment contains a large amount of H2 and CO gas with low calorific value, so that the calorific value of the gas product is low and cannot reach The calorific value quality standard of gas from the urban gas pipeline network or domestic gas stoves can only be used as fuel for cheap industrial combustion furnaces, and has the disadvantage of low commercial value for resource utilization of domestic waste treatment;

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