Directional perforator for oil and gas wells

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of exploration and exploitation of oil and gas, and particularly relates to a perforated face oriented perforator for oil and gas wells which can ensure that a perforated face can be perpendicular to the axis of a casing. The perforated face oriented perforator comprises a perforating gun body , and is characterized in that two to eight perforating units are arranged in the perforator body, the radial included angle between every two neighboring perforating units is 180 or 135 degrees, the perforating units are sequentially connected according to the right-hand helix of a detonating cord, each perforating unit comprises a section of bullet holder and three perforating bullets, the bullet holder is provided with three bullet holes, the perforating bullets are loaded in the bullet holes, and are arranged in the form of a right-hand helix, the phase angle is 60 degrees, and the jets of the perforating bullets in the perforating units can form a flabelliform perforated face perpendicular to the axis of the casing of an oil and gas well in a stratum. The advantages achieved by the perforated face oriented perforator are as follows: (1) fracture pressure can be decreased, the fracture network of the stratum can be perfected, drainage area is enlarged, and the output of oil and gas is increased; (2) the cross communication between the fractures of neighboring strata is effected prevented; (3) the design is reasonable, simple and practical, and the effect of convenient, safe and reliable construction is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, in particular to a perforating surface directional perforator for oil and gas wells whose perforating surface is perpendicular to the casing axis. Background technique [0002] At present, with the advancement of science and technology, oil and gas perforation and completion technology has developed rapidly, especially the development of various new structure perforators, which effectively opened up the channels of formations and oil wells. However, the arrangement of perforating charges is still dominated by single helix, multi-helix and longitudinal arrangement, and the perforation tunnels are also arranged in the same way. During staged fracturing, in the formation, a single perforation tunnel is formed as the axis of a relatively dispersed fracture network system with different directions, which has the following two disadvantages: First, the perforation tunnel...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the flaws in the arrangement of perforating charges in the prior art perforator, which cannot lead the cracks to the direction of stress concentration during staged fracturing, making fracturing difficult, the area of ​​leakage after fracturing is small, and the fracturing is difficult. Longitudinal cracks are easy to occur when cracking, and a directional perforator for oil and gas wells is provided. When the invention is used for perforation operations, the perforation tunnels of the perforation unit can form a fan-shaped perforation surface, and the perforation The main part of the surface forms an angle of 90° with the central axis of the casing

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